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Journal of Atherosclerosis and... Aug 2022
Topics: Anthropometry; Atherosclerosis; Body Mass Index; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; Humans; Risk Factors
PubMed: 35598983
DOI: 10.5551/jat.ED201 -
Nutricion Hospitalaria Nov 2016Desde hace algún tiempo sabemos que la talla de las poblaciones es un buen instrumento para analizar la evolución socioeconómica, habiendo dejado de ser motivo de...
Desde hace algún tiempo sabemos que la talla de las poblaciones es un buen instrumento para analizar la evolución socioeconómica, habiendo dejado de ser motivo de estudio solo por la biomedicina para serlo también por los economistas y sociólogos. Es lo que han hecho Martínez Carrión y cols., con el trabajo que aparece en este número de Nutrición Hospitalaria.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Anthropometry; Body Height; Humans; Middle Aged; Spain; Young Adult
PubMed: 28000450
DOI: 10.20960/nh.768 -
International Journal of Environmental... Apr 2020The relationship of body fat (BF) percentage with performance of elite marathon runners has been well studied; however, less information is available about the variation...
The relationship of body fat (BF) percentage with performance of elite marathon runners has been well studied; however, less information is available about the variation of skinfold thickness by sex and performance in non-elite marathon runners. The aim of the present study was to examine the variation of skinfold thickness by sex and performance in recreational marathon runners. Participants included 32 female (age 40.1 ± 9.0 years, BF 19.6 ± 4.7%, and training volume 47.7 ± 22.6 km) and 134 male marathon runners (44.3 ± 8.8 years, 17.6 ± 4.0%, and 53.0 ± 21.2 km, respectively). The largest skinfold thickness was the abdomen in both sexes, whereas the smallest was biceps in men, and chins in women ( < 0.001). The largest sex difference in skinfold thickness was observed in triceps being the fattest in women ( < 0.001). The largest difference in skinfold thickness among men's performance groups was observed in the iliac crest, and the smallest in the patella and proximal calf ( < 0.001). In summary, skinfold measurements indicated that women had more fat in both their upper and lower limbs, while men had more fat in their trunk. With regards to the role of performance level, the slowest runners presented relatively more fat in the upper limbs and trunk anatomical sites, i.e., away from the active muscles of legs.
Topics: Adult; Anthropometry; Athletes; Female; Humans; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Running; Sex Characteristics; Skinfold Thickness
PubMed: 32344832
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17092978 -
PloS One 2018Expressing anthropometric parameters (height, weight, BMI) as z-score is a key principle in the clinical assessment of children and adolescents. The Centre for Disease...
BACKGROUND
Expressing anthropometric parameters (height, weight, BMI) as z-score is a key principle in the clinical assessment of children and adolescents. The Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts and the CDC-LMS method for z-score calculation are widely used to assess growth and nutritional status, though they can be imprecise in some percentiles.
OBJECTIVE
To improve the accuracy of z-score calculation by revising the statistical method using the original data used to develop current z-score calculators.
DESIGN
A Gaussian Process Regressions (GPR) was designed and internally validated. Z-scores for weight-for-age (WFA), height-for-age (HFA) and BMI-for-age (BMIFA) were compared with WHO and CDC-LMS methods in 1) standard z-score cut-off points, 2) simulated population of 3000 children and 3) real observations 212 children aged 2 to 18 yo.
RESULTS
GPR yielded more accurate calculation of z-scores for standard cut-off points (p<<0.001) with respect to CDC-LMS and WHO approaches. WFA, HFA and BMIFA z-score calculations based on the 3 different methods using simulated and real patients, showed a large variation irrespective of gender and age. Z-scores around 0 +/- 1 showed larger variation than the values above and below +/- 2.
CONCLUSION
The revised z-score calculation method was more accurate than CDC-LMS and WHO methods for standard cut-off points. On simulated and real data, GPR based calculation provides more accurate z-score determinations, and thus, a better classification of patients below and above cut-off points. Statisticians and clinicians should consider the potential benefits of updating their calculation method for an accurate z-score determination.
Topics: Anthropometry; Body Height; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Nutritional Status; Regression Analysis
PubMed: 30571681
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208362 -
International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2021Previous canoe sprint studies evaluated the best paddlers of their categories. This investigation aimed to identify the importance of biological maturation and athletes'...
Previous canoe sprint studies evaluated the best paddlers of their categories. This investigation aimed to identify the importance of biological maturation and athletes' experience in kayaking performance and observe possible differences regarding anthropometry, years of practice, and performance. Eighty under 14 years of age (U14) and fifty under 16 years of age (U16) kayakers aged 13.40 ± 0.54 and 15.25 ± 0.61 years were evaluated. Kayakers were assessed for anthropometry (body mass (kg); stretch stature (cm); and sitting height (cm)), performance (time at 3000 m for U14 and 5000 m for U16 kayakers), and somatic maturation (predicted adult height (PAH) and maturity offset). In the U14 kayakers, years of practice, sitting height, and maturity offset showed significant differences ( < 0.05) between the Top10 and Middle, and Middle and Bottom10 performance times. Significantly higher ( < 0.05) sitting heights were identified between the Top10 and Middle U16 kayakers. Significant differences ( < 0.05) were observed for maturity offset and PAH% between the Top10 and Middle groups compared to the Bottom10 group. In conclusion, this research shows differences in the maturity status of young U14 and U16 kayakers, identifying that the more biologically mature individuals, with more years of specific practice, achieved better performances.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anthropometry; Athletes; Body Height; Child; Humans; Ships; Water Sports
PubMed: 34444072
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168322 -
The American Journal of Clinical... Apr 2022Visualizations of the emerging obesity epidemic, such as with serial US color prevalence maps, provide graphic images that extend informative public health messages...
BACKGROUND
Visualizations of the emerging obesity epidemic, such as with serial US color prevalence maps, provide graphic images that extend informative public health messages beyond those in written communications. Advances in low-cost 3D optical technology now allow for development of large image databases that include participants varying in race/ethnicity, body mass, height, age, and circumferences. When combined with contemporary statistical methods, these data sets can be used to create humanoid avatar images with prespecified anthropometric features.
OBJECTIVES
The current study aimed to develop a humanoid avatar series with characteristics of representative US adults extending over the past 6 decades.
METHODS
3D optical scans were conducted on a demographically diverse sample of 570 healthy adults. Image data were converted to principal components and manifold regression equations were then developed with body mass, height, age, and waist circumference as covariates. Humanoid avatars were generated for representative adults with these 4 characteristics as reported in CDC surveys beginning in 1960-1962 up to 2015-2018.
RESULTS
There was a curvilinear increase in adult US population body mass, waist circumference, and BMI in males and females across the 9 surveys spanning 6 decades. A small increase in average adult population age was present between 1960 and 2018; height changes were inconsistent. A series of 4 avatars developed at ∼20-y intervals for representative males and females reveal the changes in body size and shape consistent with the emergence of the obesity epidemic. An additional series of developed avatars portray the shapes and sizes of males and females at key BMI cutoffs.
CONCLUSIONS
New mathematical approaches and accessible 3D optical technology combined with increasingly available large and diverse data sets across the life span now make unique visualization of body size and shape possible on a previously unattainable scale. This study is registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03637855 as NCT03637855.
Topics: Adult; Anthropometry; Body Height; Body Mass Index; Female; Humans; Male; Obesity; Prevalence; Waist Circumference
PubMed: 35030235
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac005 -
Journal of Women's Health (2002) Dec 2021Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be a leading cause of death for U.S. adults, especially African Americans (AA). Yet, few studies have examined a comprehensive...
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be a leading cause of death for U.S. adults, especially African Americans (AA). Yet, few studies have examined a comprehensive set of metabolic health and health behavior factors related to CVD risk in this population. This study investigated the relationship between serum leptin and anthropometries (body mass index [BMI], circumferences [waist-WC, hip-HC, and waist/hip ratio W/H]), metabolic health (systolic and diastolic blood pressure [BP], serum lipids, glucose, and C-reactive protein [CRP]), and health behaviors (hours of sleep, physical activity) in midlife and older AAs. Participants ( = 89, ≥45 years of age) were AAs in six churches in North Florida enrolled in a broader church-based longitudinal study. Anthropometric measurements, serum analyses, and self-reported items. Serum leptin was positively correlated with gender (being female) ( = 0.623, < 0.001), BMI log transformed ( = 0.469, < 0.001), WC ( = 0.440, < 0.001), HC ( = 0.658, < 0.001), use of BP medication ( = 0.216, < 0.05), and serum CRP ( = 0.277, < 0.01). Correlations by sex showed significant relationships for both men and women between leptin and BMI log transformed, WC, and HC. The final multiple regression model [ = 0.758, (4, 66) = 55.871, < 0.001] showed that 75.8% of the variance in leptin was explained by being female ( = 0.65, < 0.001), WC ( = 0.26, < 0.02), and HC ( = 0.28, < 0.01). Findings more specifically delineate the variables associated with serum leptin in AAs, particularly WC and HC, and suggest greater attention to possible risk for leptin resistance in AA females. Clinical Trial Registration: This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT03339050.
Topics: Black or African American; Body Mass Index; Female; Humans; Leptin; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Waist-Hip Ratio
PubMed: 33661054
DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2020.8820 -
PloS One 2023Many studies have examined the association between anthropometric indicators and the likelihood of developing asthma. However, no study has yet examined the link between...
BACKGROUND
Many studies have examined the association between anthropometric indicators and the likelihood of developing asthma. However, no study has yet examined the link between asthma and anthropometric markers of risk. This study addresses this gap in the literature by evaluating the relationship between asthma, smoking, and anthropometric measurements such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) among individuals residing in the United States.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study conducted a secondary analysis of the 2011-2014 National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States, using data from 2,257 participants aged 25-74. We classified the participants into four groups based on self-reported smoking and asthma status: nonsmokers with no asthma, asthma alone, smokers only, and smokers with asthma. The outcomes of interest were BMI, WC, HC, and WHR scores in the latter three groups compared to the nonsmokers with no asthma group.
RESULTS
Linear regression analysis showed that those with asthma alone and smokers with asthma were significantly more likely to have a BMI, WC, or HC score of 1 or higher than people without asthma and smokers only.
CONCLUSION
A higher score on the anthropometric parameters was substantially related to participants who had only asthma and those who had both asthma and smoking.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Obesity; Risk Factors; Cross-Sectional Studies; Anthropometry; Body Mass Index; Waist-Hip Ratio; Waist Circumference
PubMed: 36800359
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281923 -
Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany) May 2022Currently used pediatric kidney length normative values are based on small single-center studies, do not include kidney function assessment, and focus mostly on newborns...
BACKGROUND
Currently used pediatric kidney length normative values are based on small single-center studies, do not include kidney function assessment, and focus mostly on newborns and infants. We aimed to develop ultrasound-based kidney length normative values derived from a large group of European Caucasian children with normal kidney function.
METHODS
Out of 1,782 children aged 0-19 years, 1,758 individuals with no present or past kidney disease and normal estimated glomerular filtration rate had sonographic assessment of kidney length. The results were correlated with anthropometric parameters and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Kidney length was correlated with age, height, body surface area, and body mass index. Height-related kidney length curves and table were generated using the LMS method. Multivariate regression analysis with collinearity checks was used to evaluate kidney length predictors.
RESULTS
There was no significant difference in kidney size in relation to height between boys and girls. We found significant (p < 0.001), but clinically unimportant (Cohen's D effect size = 0.04 and 0.06) differences between prone vs. supine position (mean paired difference = 0.64 mm, 95% CI = 0.49-0.77) and left vs. right kidneys (mean paired difference = 1.03 mm, 95% CI = 0.83-1.21), respectively. For kidney length prediction, the highest coefficient correlation was observed with height (adjusted R = 0.87, p < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS
We present height-related LMS-percentile curves and tables of kidney length which may serve as normative values for kidney length in children from birth to 19 years of age. The most significant predictor of kidney length was statural height.
Topics: Anthropometry; Body Height; Body Weight; Child; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Kidney; Male; Reference Values; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 34657197
DOI: 10.1007/s00467-021-05303-5 -
Revista Paulista de Pediatria : Orgao... 2023This study aimed to identify methodological aspects involved in determining anthropometric measurements among studies assessing the nutritional status of individuals... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to identify methodological aspects involved in determining anthropometric measurements among studies assessing the nutritional status of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF).
METHODS
A search of the literature was performed on MEDLINE via Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. The population comprised children and adolescents with CF. Observational studies and clinical trials using anthropometric and body composition measures and indices determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bioelectrical impedance assessment (BIA) were included. Use of a standardized procedure for data collection was defined when details on the instruments and their calibration were given, the measuring procedures were described, and when it was clear measures had been determined by a trained team, or the use of an anthropometric reference manual was cited. Data extracted were expressed as absolute and relative frequencies.
RESULTS
A total of 32 articles were included, and a total of 233 measures or indices were observed. The most frequently used measures were body mass index (kg/m2; 35%), weight (kg; 33%), and height (cm; 33%). Among the 28 studies that used anthropometric measures, 21 (75%) provided a complete or partial description of the measurement instruments used, 3 (11%) reported information on equipment calibration, 10 (36%) indicated the measurement procedures employed by assessors, and 2 (7%) stated a trained team had carried out the measurements.
CONCLUSIONS
The poor description of measuring procedures precluded a meaningful evaluation of data quality. Scientific debate on this theme can help raise awareness of the need to ensure quality in collecting and fully presenting data.
Topics: Humans; Child; Adolescent; Body Composition; Cystic Fibrosis; Anthropometry; Body Mass Index; Nutritional Status
PubMed: 36888749
DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2023/41/2021333