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Journal of American College Health : J... 2017We investigated predictors of weight gain in college freshmen.
OBJECTIVE
We investigated predictors of weight gain in college freshmen.
PARTICIPANTS
A longitudinal cohort study followed a representative sample of freshmen (N = 264) from 8/2011 to 6/2012.
METHODS
Repeated measurements of anthropometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), physical activity, and diet were collected. We investigated predictors of 9-month weight gain using regression models.
RESULTS
172 participants completed follow-up: 75% gained >0.5 kg. Mean weight change was +2.3 kg (SD 3.2) and +2.0 kg (SD 3.2) and mean adiposity change was +1.3% (SD 1.6) and +0.7% (SD 2.2) in men and women, respectively. In participants gaining >0.5 kg, weight increased 5.6% and body fat increased 1.6%. Anthropometric change in men occurred in the first semester, while women increased in both semesters. Leaner DXA-defined body composition at baseline was consistently associated with greater weight gain (p-values 0.029-0.049).
CONCLUSIONS
Freshman weight gain is common and reflects increased adiposity. Leaner body composition at the beginning of college predicted greater weight gain in men and women during the first year of college.
Topics: Adolescent; Anthropometry; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Cohort Studies; Exercise; Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Prospective Studies; Students; Surveys and Questionnaires; Time Factors; Universities; Weight Gain; Young Adult
PubMed: 28085641
DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2017.1280498 -
Scientific Reports Feb 2021Current methods for infant and child nutritional assessment rely on anthropometric measurements, whose implementation faces technical challenges in low- and...
Current methods for infant and child nutritional assessment rely on anthropometric measurements, whose implementation faces technical challenges in low- and middle-income countries. Anthropometry is also limited to linear measurements, ignoring important body shape information related to health. This work proposes the use of 2D geometric morphometric techniques applied to a sample of Senegalese participants aged 6-59 months with an optimal nutritional condition or with severe acute malnutrition to address morphometric variations due to nutritional status. Significant differences in shape and size body changes were described according to nutritional status, resulting age, sex and allometric effect crucial factors to establish nutritional morphological patterns. The constructed discriminant functions exhibited the best classification rates in the left arm. A landmark-based template registering body shape could be useful to both assess acute malnutrition and better understand the morphological patterns that nutritional status promotes in children during their first 5 years of growth and development.
Topics: Age Factors; Anthropometry; Biological Variation, Population; Body Size; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Nutrition Assessment; Nutritional Status; Public Health Surveillance; Severe Acute Malnutrition; Sex Factors; Somatotypes
PubMed: 33608567
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82727-x -
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery Jun 2022This study aimed to determine the normative facial anthropometry measurement among Nigerians using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry analysis.This study was carried...
This study aimed to determine the normative facial anthropometry measurement among Nigerians using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry analysis.This study was carried out in Lagos, Nigeria over a period of 3 years. The sample population was Nigerians of diverse ethnic groups, age 16 and above with no history of congenital or acquired craniofacial deformities.A total of 452 subjects participated in the study with 56.2% males and 43.8% females. Most of the participants were between the ages of 25 to 49 (54.4%), 40.7% were less than 25 years of age and only 4.4% were more than 50 years old. The mean body mass index (BMI) for males was 22.7 and 23.4 for females. Mean values of upper facial height, midfacial height, lower facial height, intercanthal distance, interpupillary distance, upper facial width, and lower facial width are 69.13 ± 5.91, 49.89 ± 3.56, 67.85 ± 6.12, 35.19 ± 3.20, 67.04 ± 3.67, 139.43 ± 7.11, and 124.29 ± 9.72 mm, respectively. The upper facial height, commissure width, upper lip length, and lower jaw width were significantly affected by age, while the BMI of an individual was a determinant of the interpupillary distance, facial width, and lower jaw width.This study demonstrated that there was a statistically significant difference in the facial dimensions of males when compared to females across all ages among the study population. The authors also observed that age and BMI are significant predictors of variations in some of the measurements.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anthropometry; Black People; Face; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nigeria; Photogrammetry
PubMed: 34310429
DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000008036 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Oct 2019Body mass index (BMI) is still the only recommended measurable nutritional status assessment parameter in anorexia nervosa (AN). The aim of this study was to measure...
Body mass index (BMI) is still the only recommended measurable nutritional status assessment parameter in anorexia nervosa (AN). The aim of this study was to measure other anthropometrical and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) parameters in AN patients and to evaluate their nutritional status assessment value. The 46 AN female patients were examined at the beginning of hospitalization and followed-up in three measurements (in 6 ± 2 weeks' intervals). Anthropometrical assessment was based on BMI, circumferences of arm, calf, thigh, hips, waist, their ratio (waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)), and a skinfold test over biceps and triceps muscle, under the scapula, over the hip, and 2 cm from the umbilicus. The BIA parameters included phase angle (PA), membrane capacitance (Cm), and impedance at 200 kHz, and a 5 kHz ratio (Z). In the 1st measurement, BMI correlated with all anthropometric and BIA parameters ( < 0.05). For BIA parameters, the correlation included arm circumference and WHR ( < 0.05). In the follow-up, significant changes were observed in BMI and all BIA parameters. The correlation between BMI and all BIA parameters was present in the 2nd and 3rd measurements ( < 0.05). In the 4th measurement, BMI correlated only with Cm ( = 0.0114). Comparison of BIA parameters according to the state of starvation (BMI < 16.0 kg/m) revealed that all studied BIA parameters were characterized by statistically significant sensitivity and specificity in the detection of this condition ( < 0.05), except PA in the 4th measurement ( = 0.2099). Selected BIA and anthropometrical parameters could be used for AN patients' assessment. The study confirmed dynamic changes of BIA parameters during the follow-up. They could be useful in the detection of the state of starvation.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anorexia Nervosa; Anthropometry; Body Mass Index; Child; Electric Impedance; Female; Humans; Nutritional Status
PubMed: 31623379
DOI: 10.3390/medicina55100671 -
American Journal of Obstetrics and... Jul 2017The effect of maternal mood disorders on neonatal measurements is not well-defined. The Fetal Growth Studies-Singletons provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the...
BACKGROUND
The effect of maternal mood disorders on neonatal measurements is not well-defined. The Fetal Growth Studies-Singletons provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the relationship between perceived maternal stress and neonatal growth measurements.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to determine whether perceived maternal stress during pregnancy is associated with anthropometric measurements in the neonate.
STUDY DESIGN
This analysis was based on a prospective, multicenter longitudinal study of fetal growth. Women 18-40 years old with a body mass index of 19.0-29.9 kg/m were screened at 8+0 to 13+6 weeks gestation for low-risk status associated with optimal fetal growth (eg, healthy, nonsmoking) and underwent serial sonographic examination at 6 study visits throughout gestation. At each study visit, women completed the Cohen's Perceived Stress Survey, which could have a score that ranges from 0-40. We used a latent class trajectory model to identify distinct groupings (ie, classes) of the Perceived Stress Survey trajectories over pregnancy. Trend analysis was used to determine whether neonatal measurements including birthweight, length, head circumference, and abdominal circumference differed by Perceived Stress Survey class and whether this relationship was modified by maternal race/ethnicity, after adjustment for gestational age at delivery, maternal height, age, and parity.
RESULTS
Of the 2334 women enrolled in the study, 1948 women had complete neonatal anthropometry and were included in the analysis. Latent class analysis identified 3 Perceived Stress Survey trajectory classes, with mean Perceived Stress Survey scores of 2.82 (low), 7.95 (medium), and 14.80 (high). Neonatal anthropometric measures of birthweight, length, head circumference and abdominal circumference were similar (P=.78, =.10, =.18, and =.40 respectively), regardless of the participants' Perceived Stress Survey class. There was no effect modification by maternal race/ethnicity.
CONCLUSION
Neonatal measurements did not differ by levels of perceived stress among low-risk pregnant women.
Topics: Abdomen; Adult; Anthropometry; Birth Weight; Body Height; Body Mass Index; Cephalometry; Female; Fetal Development; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Longitudinal Studies; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U.S.); Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prospective Studies; Stress, Psychological; Ultrasonography, Prenatal; United States
PubMed: 28263750
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.02.039 -
JMIR MHealth and UHealth Apr 2019Obesity is an endemic problem with significant health and financial consequences. Text messaging has been shown to be a simple and effective method of facilitating... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Obesity is an endemic problem with significant health and financial consequences. Text messaging has been shown to be a simple and effective method of facilitating weight reduction. In addition, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) has emerged as a significant anthropometric measure. However, few studies have examined the effect of serial anthropometric self-measurement combined with text messaging.
OBJECTIVE
The primary aim of this study was to assess whether an 8-week program, consisting of weekly serial self-measurements of waist and hip circumference, combined with motivational text messages, could reduce WHR among Australian workers.
METHODS
This was a community-based, participant-blinded, staggered-entry, parallel group study. Adult workers with access to mobile phones were eligible and recruited through an open access Web-based survey. Participants were randomly allocated to receive intervention or control messages for 8 weeks. Outcome data were self-assessed through a Web-based survey.
RESULTS
A total of 60 participants were randomized with 30 participants each allocated to a control and an intervention group. There was no significant change in WHR (P=.43), and all secondary outcome measures did not differ between the intervention group and the control group at the end of the 8-week intervention. Both groups, however, showed a significant decrease in burnout over time (mean [SE]: pre 4.80 [0.39] vs post 3.36 [0.46]; P=.004). The intervention uptake followed a downward trend. Peak participant replies to weekly self-measurements were received in week 3 (14/23, 61%) and the least in week 8 (8/23, 35%). No harm was found to result from this study.
CONCLUSIONS
This study is an innovative pilot trial using text messaging and serial anthropometric measurements in weight management. No change was detected in WHRs in Australian workers over 8 weeks; therefore, it could not be concluded whether the intervention affected the primary outcome. However, these results should be interpreted in the context of limited sample size and decreasing intervention uptake over the course of the study. This pilot trial is useful for informing and contributing to the design of future studies and the growing body of literature on serial self-measurements combined with text messaging.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12616001496404; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=371696&isReview=true (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/73UkKFjSw).
Topics: Adult; Anthropometry; Body Mass Index; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Motivation; Pilot Projects; Social Media; Surveys and Questionnaires; Text Messaging; Waist Circumference; Weight Reduction Programs
PubMed: 31017585
DOI: 10.2196/11832 -
Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Jul 2023In order to identify children at risk for excess adiposity, it is important to determine body composition longitudinally throughout childhood. However, most frequently...
BACKGROUND & AIMS
In order to identify children at risk for excess adiposity, it is important to determine body composition longitudinally throughout childhood. However, most frequently used techniques in research are expensive and time-consuming and, therefore, not feasible for use in general clinical practice. Skinfold measurements can be used as proxy for adiposity, but current anthropometry-based-equations have random and systematic errors, especially when used longitudinally in pre-pubertal children. We developed and validated skinfold-based-equations to estimate total fat mass (FM) longitudinally in children aged 0-5 years.
METHODS
This study was embedded in the Sophia Pluto study, a prospective birth cohort. In 998 healthy term-born children, we longitudinally measured anthropometrics, including skinfolds and determined FM using Air Displacement Plethysmography (ADP) by PEA POD and Dual energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) from birth to age 5 years. Of each child one random measurement was used in the determination cohort, others for validation. Linear regression was used to determine the best fitting FM-prediction model based on anthropometric measurements using ADP and DXA as reference methods. For validation, we used calibration plots to determine predictive value and agreement between measured and predicted FM.
RESULTS
Three skinfold-based-equations were developed for adjoined age ranges (0-6 months, 6-24 months and 2-5 years), based on FM-trajectories. Validation of these prediction equations showed significant correlations between measured and predicted FM (R: 0.921, 0.779 and 0.893, respectively) and good agreement with small mean prediction errors of 1, 24 and -96 g, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
We developed and validated reliable skinfold-based-equations which may be used longitudinally from birth to age 5 years in general practice and large epidemiological studies.
Topics: Humans; Child; Infant, Newborn; Infant; Skinfold Thickness; Prospective Studies; Body Composition; Anthropometry; Obesity; Absorptiometry, Photon; Adipose Tissue
PubMed: 37225558
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.04.024 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2022Children at different developmental stages show different physical development and psychological cognitive characteristics and may pay different attention to body parts....
OBJECTIVE
Children at different developmental stages show different physical development and psychological cognitive characteristics and may pay different attention to body parts. The purpose of this study was to analyze the associations between body image dissatisfaction (BID) and body anthropometric indices (BAIs) among Chinese children and adolescents at different developmental stages.
METHODS
A total of 609 Chinese primary and secondary school students aged 8-15 years (329 boys and 280 girls) were selected using stratified cluster sampling. The students' body height, sitting height (SH), weight, chest circumference (CC), hip circumference (HC), waist circumference (WC), scapular skinfold thickness (SST), triceps skinfold thickness (TST), and abdominal skinfold thickness (AST) were measured. Boys' testicular volumes and first spermatorrhea and girls' breast measures and menarche were assessed using the Tanner stage standard. A body shape questionnaire (BSQ) was used to survey the subject's BID.
RESULTS
In boys with testicular volume < 4 ml, the hip-to-height ratio (HHR) was positively correlated with BSQ score (β = 8.17, < 0.01). In boys with testicular volume ≥4 ml and nonfirst spermatorrhea, the HHR and SST were positively correlated with BSQ score (β = 2.51, = 0.04; β = 4.98, < 0.01). In boys with first spermatorrhea, weight was positively correlated with BSQ score (β = 10.30, < 0.01). In girls with breast development < Tanner stage II, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was positively correlated with BSQ score (β = 5.12, < 0.01); In girls with breast development ≥ Tanner stage II and nonmenarche, chest-to-sitting height ratio (CSHR) was positively correlated with BSQ score (β = 10.82, < 0.01), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was negatively correlated with BSQ score (β = -3.61, = 0.04). In girls with menarche, WHtR and sitting height-to-height ratio (SHHR) were positively correlated with BSQ score (β = 6.09, < 0.01; β = 2.05, = 0.02).
CONCLUSION
The associations between body image dissatisfaction and anthropometric indices among Chinese children and adolescents at different developmental stages are different.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Child; Adolescent; Body Mass Index; Body Dissatisfaction; East Asian People; Anthropometry; Waist-Hip Ratio
PubMed: 36582367
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.926079 -
Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences Jul 2023Using anthropometric parameters to determine the appropriate Plastibell size before circumcision ensures that cumbersome carrying of all the sizes before each procedure...
BACKGROUND
Using anthropometric parameters to determine the appropriate Plastibell size before circumcision ensures that cumbersome carrying of all the sizes before each procedure is eliminated and also complications reduced.
METHODS
Male neonates who presented for routine circumcision by Plastibell method were recruited. Collected on a proforma were their age in days, weight in Kg, stretched penile length (SPL) in cm, penile diameter (PD) in cm and the Plastibell size used by the "circumciser". The routine circumcision was carried out for each neonate according to protocol. P value was set at <0.05.
RESULTS
There were 231 neonates who had Plastibell circumcision. Their mean age, weight, SPL and PD were 15.6(±5.73) days, 3.7(±0.58) Kg, 3.66 (±0.58) cm and 3.79 (±0.64) cm, respectively. Plastibell size 1.3 is the most used (53.6%). There was a positive correlation between weight, SPL, PD, on one hand and Plastibell size , on the other hand with P-values of <0.001, <0.001 and <0.001 respectively. The weight was a weak determinant for Plastibell sizes 1.1 and 1.3: (OR 7.104; 95% CI 1.108 - 45.559; P = .039) and (OR 2.044; 95% CI 1.054 - 3.963; P = .034) respectively. The SPL is also a weak predictor for Plastibell sizes 1.2 and 1.5: (OR 2.176; 95% CI 1.136 -4.136; P = .019) and (OR .043; 95% CI .072 - .984; P = .047), respectively.
CONCLUSION
The anthropometric parameters correlate well with Plastibell sizes. However, they are not effective in predicting the appropriate sized Plastibell for neonatal circumcision.
Topics: Humans; Circumcision, Male; Male; Infant, Newborn; Penis; Anthropometry; Body Weight
PubMed: 38784201
DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i4.15 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jul 2022In the field of ice hockey, body mass and height have always played a role in team selection. This study aims to analyze the associations between anthropometry and...
UNLABELLED
In the field of ice hockey, body mass and height have always played a role in team selection. This study aims to analyze the associations between anthropometry and multiple dimensions of performance among elite adolescent ice hockey players.
METHODS
187 adolescent players (males: = 80, 13.81 years; females: = 107, 14.96 years) took part in the study, in Camp 1. Off-ice fitness and on-ice skating tests were performed. Camp 2 consists of on-ice tests and match performance with players selected by coaching staff at Camp 1. Camp 2 data came from official matches performance and a combination of skating tests and intrasquad matches. Hockey Quebec's selection process consists of going from an entire pool of athletes to a team of twenty-five players, through several camps spread over two years. Correlation analyses were conducted to verify associations between anthropometric measures and performances.
RESULTS
In Camp 1, heavier-taller male athletes displayed better performances in most off-ice fitness tests, while heavier female athletes tended to display poorer performance. Camp 2 showed no significant correlations in on-ice tests and match performance. However, some tendencies were observed: heavier male players were less involved in blocked shots, and taller females were more agile.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite off-ice advantages, the taller-heavier prototype does not translate directly to better performance on the ice among elite adolescent players. Coaches should analyze anthropometric characteristics with caution, and place more focus on match-specific abilities to identify talent.
Topics: Adolescent; Anthropometry; Athletic Performance; Body Height; Female; Hockey; Humans; Male; Physical Fitness
PubMed: 35897327
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158952