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Cureus Feb 2023Clinical research is an alternative terminology used to describe medical research. Clinical research involves people, and it is generally carried out to evaluate the... (Review)
Review
Clinical research is an alternative terminology used to describe medical research. Clinical research involves people, and it is generally carried out to evaluate the efficacy of a therapeutic drug, a medical/surgical procedure, or a device as a part of treatment and patient management. Moreover, any research that evaluates the aspects of a disease like the symptoms, risk factors, and pathophysiology, among others may be termed clinical research. However, clinical trials are those studies that assess the potential of a therapeutic drug/device in the management, control, and prevention of disease. In view of the increasing incidences of both communicable and non-communicable diseases, and especially after the effects that Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) had on public health worldwide, the emphasis on clinical research assumes extremely essential. The knowledge of clinical research will facilitate the discovery of drugs, devices, and vaccines, thereby improving preparedness during public health emergencies. Therefore, in this review, we comprehensively describe the critical elements of clinical research that include clinical trial phases, types, and designs of clinical trials, operations of trial, audit, and management, and ethical concerns.
PubMed: 36938261
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35077 -
Emergency (Tehran, Iran) 2017Clinical research usually involves patients with a certain disease or a condition. The generalizability of clinical research findings is based on multiple factors...
Clinical research usually involves patients with a certain disease or a condition. The generalizability of clinical research findings is based on multiple factors related to the internal and external validity of the research methods. The main methodological issue that influences the generalizability of clinical research findings is the sampling method. In this educational article, we are explaining the different sampling methods in clinical research.
PubMed: 28286859
DOI: No ID Found -
Nature Communications Dec 2021Since its inception 10 years ago Nature Communications has strived to publish papers of high quality and relevance to communities of researchers across the whole of the...
Since its inception 10 years ago Nature Communications has strived to publish papers of high quality and relevance to communities of researchers across the whole of the natural sciences. In more recent years, we have happily seen an increase in the submission and publication of clinical research studies. To serve the clinical community to the best of our ability we have clarified our on what we expect to see on submission of clinical research papers and we are launching a Clinical Collection that presents under one umbrella a selection of the interesting papers we have published in this area
Topics: Biomedical Research; Clinical Trials as Topic; Editorial Policies; Humans; Periodicals as Topic
PubMed: 34916501
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27389-z -
Current Dermatology Reports 2021The immense growth of social media has afforded new opportunities in dermatology clinical research. This review serves to outline how social media has impacted clinical... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The immense growth of social media has afforded new opportunities in dermatology clinical research. This review serves to outline how social media has impacted clinical research and to explore future avenues for which social media can make a significant impact in dermatology clinical research.
RECENT FINDINGS
Recent clinical trials augmented by social media have demonstrated increased participant enrollment, shortened recruitment timelines, and decreased recruitment cost. The incorporation of social media into clinical research has also afforded greater access to teledermatology and the initiation of virtual clinical trials.
SUMMARY
Clinical research serves as a primary source of evidence for refining healthcare practices by expanding the understanding of patient demographics, methods for improving patient care, and new therapeutic discoveries. Since its initiation, social media has played an integral and ever-expanding role in clinical research.
PubMed: 34840860
DOI: 10.1007/s13671-021-00350-5 -
The Ulster Medical Journal Jan 2019
Topics: Career Choice; Fellowships and Scholarships; Research Personnel; United Kingdom
PubMed: 30675082
DOI: No ID Found -
Cell Death & Disease Nov 2022Effective strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma, which is the second leading cause of death worldwide, remain limited. A growing body of emerging evidence suggests...
Effective strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma, which is the second leading cause of death worldwide, remain limited. A growing body of emerging evidence suggests that ferroptosis activation is a novel promising approach for the treatment of this malignancy. Nevertheless, the potential therapeutic targets and molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis remain elusive. In this study, we found that PNO1 is a bona fide inhibitor of ferroptosis and that autophagy induced by PNO1 promotes cystine/glutamate antiporter SLC7A11 while increasing the synthesis and accumulation of intracellular glutamate. This increase is followed by an equally proportional addition in cystine uptake, which consequently enhances system Xc activity that leads to the inhibition of ferroptosis. In the maintenance of redox homeostasis, system Xc activated via PNO1-autophagy metabolism is responsible for maintaining cysteine for glutathione (GSH) synthesis, and the final GSH metabolic reprogramming protects HCC cells from ferroptosis. The combination of PNO1 inhibition with drugs causing ferroptosis induction, particularly sorafenib, the first-line drug associated with ferroptosis in liver cancer shows therapeutic promise in vitro and in vivo. Together, our findings indicated that PNO1 protects HCC cells from ferroptotic death through autophagy-mediated GSH metabolic remodeling, and we identified a candidate therapeutic target that may potentiate the effect of ferroptosis-based antitumor therapy.
Topics: Humans; Autophagy; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cystine; Ferroptosis; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Liver Neoplasms; RNA-Binding Proteins
PubMed: 36446769
DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05448-7 -
Perspectives in Clinical Research 2017Research ought to be inculcated as an attitude during the formative years of every health-care professional. The core elements of research are curiosity, observation,... (Review)
Review
Research ought to be inculcated as an attitude during the formative years of every health-care professional. The core elements of research are curiosity, observation, reasoning, and experimentation. These suggestions are supported with suitable examples. Medical advisers in the pharmaceutical industry are in a unique position to act as facilitators of such a process. The tools they can use are also suggested.
PubMed: 28194336
DOI: 10.4103/2229-3485.198547 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica Jan 2020Chronic pruritus is a frequent global condition. The pathophysiology, underlying aetiology, clinical manifestation, associated burden and response to therapy of chronic... (Review)
Review
Chronic pruritus is a frequent global condition. The pathophysiology, underlying aetiology, clinical manifestation, associated burden and response to therapy of chronic pruritus varies from patient to patient, making clinical research and management of this condition challenging. There are still several unmet needs, such as the need to standardize translational research protocols, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and to enhance the knowledge of the humanistic and economic burden associated with chronic pruritus. Basic and clinical research is of the utmost importance to target these matters. Clinical research has the potential to identify new relevant mechanisms in affected patients, which may lead to identification of novel therapy targets. This article discusses in depth current shortcomings in the daily care of patients with chronic pruritus and the challenges clinical researchers and physicians treating chronic pruritus face in addressing these matters.
Topics: Animals; Antipruritics; Biomedical Research; Chronic Disease; Humans; Pruritus; Research Design; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31940048
DOI: 10.2340/00015555-3348 -
Frontiers in Genetics 2019As FDA-approved small RNA drugs start to enter clinical medicine, ongoing studies for the microRNA (miRNA) class of small RNAs expand its preclinical and clinical... (Review)
Review
As FDA-approved small RNA drugs start to enter clinical medicine, ongoing studies for the microRNA (miRNA) class of small RNAs expand its preclinical and clinical research applications. A growing number of reports suggest a significant utility of miRNAs as biomarkers for pathogenic conditions, modulators of drug resistance, and/or as drugs for medical intervention in almost all human health conditions. The pleiotropic nature of this class of nonprotein-coding RNAs makes them particularly attractive drug targets for diseases with a multifactorial origin and no current effective treatments. As candidate miRNAs begin to proceed toward initiation and completion of potential phase 3 and 4 trials in the future, the landscape of both diagnostic and interventional medicine will arguably continue to evolve. In this mini-review, we discuss miRNA drug discovery development and their current status in clinical trials.
PubMed: 31156715
DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00478