-
Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 2018To investigate and analyze in the scientific literature coping strategies for domestic violence against pregnant female adolescents. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To investigate and analyze in the scientific literature coping strategies for domestic violence against pregnant female adolescents.
METHOD
This is an integrative literature review, conducted from July to August 2017 on LILACS, SciELO and PubMed, using the descriptors and the MeSH terms: confrontation, violence, adolescent, pregnant women, prenatal care.
RESULT
The sample comprised 9 articles that were organized and characterized according to year, country of study and coping strategy used. The main forms of coping involved the active search for cases and the primary care approach with all family members.
CONCLUSION
Individualized prenatal care, the change in professional training and networking activities were pointed out as important components of the strategies for coping with violence against pregnant adolescents.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Domestic Violence; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy in Adolescence; Pregnant Women; Public Health; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 29562029
DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0682 -
Australian Journal of General Practice Nov 2022Domestic and family violence (DFV) is often difficult to recognise despite its high prevalence in the community. General practitioners require specialised skills to...
BACKGROUND
Domestic and family violence (DFV) is often difficult to recognise despite its high prevalence in the community. General practitioners require specialised skills to elicit a history of DFV, remain aware of the complex patterns of DFV, respond to potential risk and maintain engagement as part of a team involved in ongoing care.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this article is to outline the principles of recognising, responding, referring, recording and reflecting on care for those who may be experiencing DFV.
DISCUSSION
GPs have unique opportunities to identify, assess and respond to DFV because of the trusting therapeutic relationships they develop with patients. Managing DFV requires a safe place to disclose, skilled risk assessment, careful documentation, safety planning and ongoing therapeutic processes that soothe, validate, empower and connect to wider social supports. Trauma-informed general practice is a key element of integrated systems responses to DFV in our community.
Topics: Humans; Domestic Violence; General Practice; General Practitioners; Family Practice
PubMed: 36309999
DOI: 10.31128/AJGP-03-22-6375 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2023The double vulnerability of women with disabilities places them at the center of this research paper. Intersectionality is key in research on gender-based violence. This...
The double vulnerability of women with disabilities places them at the center of this research paper. Intersectionality is key in research on gender-based violence. This study analyzes the perspective of the victims and non-victims themselves on this issue, through a comparative analysis between women with and without disabilities, at two levels of analysis: quantitative, through the adaptation of various scales (Assessment Screen-Disability/AAS-D, and the Woman Abuse Screening Tool/WAST), and qualitative, with semi-structured interviews (open scripts and different themes), and focus groups with experts from the associative network. The results obtained indicate that the most frequent type of violence is physical, followed by psychological and sexual, mainly perpetrated by partners. The higher their level of education, the more they defend themselves; receiving public aid can be a risk factor for domestic and sexual violence, and belonging to the associative movement and having paid work outside the home act as preventive measures. In conclusion, it is necessary to establish strategic protection measures and effective detection and intervention systems to make victims visible and care for them.
Topics: Humans; Female; Spouse Abuse; Violence; Socioeconomic Factors; Sex Offenses; Disabled Persons; Domestic Violence
PubMed: 37372777
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126191 -
BMC Health Services Research Jul 2022Recent UK policy has focussed on improving support for victims of domestic violence and abuse (DVA), in healthcare settings. DVA victims attending hospital are often at...
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Recent UK policy has focussed on improving support for victims of domestic violence and abuse (DVA), in healthcare settings. DVA victims attending hospital are often at highest risk of harm, yet DVA support in hospitals has been inadequate. A targeted service supporting high risk DVA victims, was implemented at a hospital Trust in North West England. The service was provided by Independent Domestic Violence Advisors (IDVAs). This paper assesses the activity in the hospital-based IDVA service during the COVID-19 pandemicand addresses the research questions: What was the demand for the service? How did the service respond? What facilitated this response?
METHODS
A mixed-methods study was undertaken. Quantitative data on referrals to the service were examined using simple descriptive statistics and compared to other DVA services. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with IDVAs and other hospital staff involved with the service and the data subjected to thematic analysis.
RESULTS
The quantitative analysis showed that referrals dropped at the start of lockdown, then increased and continued to rise; the qualitative findings reiterated this pattern. Referrals came from a range of departments across the Trust, with the majority from A&E. Pre-pandemic, the population supported by the service included higher proportions of males and people aged 40 and over than at other IDVA services; this continued during the pandemic. The qualitative findings indicated a flexible response during the pandemic, enabled by strong working relationships and by using workarounds.
CONCLUSIONS
The hospital-based IDVAs provided an efficient, flexible serviceduring the COVID-19 pandemic. Referrals increased during the first lockdown and subsequent relaxing of restrictions. Locating the IDVAs within a team working across the organisation, and building good working relationships facilitated an effective disclosure and referral route, which endured through social restrictions. The IDVAs supported high-risk victims who may otherwise not have been identified in traditional community-based DVA settings during the pandemic. Hospital-based IDVA services can broaden access by supporting vulnerable, at risk populations whose needs may not be identified at other services.
Topics: Adult; COVID-19; Communicable Disease Control; Domestic Violence; Hospitals; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pandemics
PubMed: 35790985
DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08183-z -
BMC Women's Health May 2023Gender-based violence (GBV) includes any physical, sexual, psychological, economic harms, and any suffering of women in the form of limiting their freedom in personal or... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Gender-based violence (GBV) includes any physical, sexual, psychological, economic harms, and any suffering of women in the form of limiting their freedom in personal or social life. As a global crisis, COVID-19 has exposed women to more violence, which requires serious actions. This work aims to review the most critical dimensions of the GBV against women, effective factors on it, and strategies for combating it during the COVID-19 pandemic in order to provide recommendations for future pandemics.
METHODS
This study was conducted based on PRISMA-ScR. First, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Google Scholar were searched in April 2021 with no time limitation and location using the related keywords to COVID-19 and GBV. The searched keywords were COVID-19, gender-based violence, domestic violence, sexual violence, women, violence, abuse, and their synonyms in MESH and EMTREE. Duplicates were removed, titles and abstracts were screened, and then the characteristics and main results of included studies were recorded in the data collection form in terms of thematic content analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 6255 records were identified, of which 3433 were duplicates. Based on inclusion criteria 2822 titles and abstracts were screened. Finally, 14 studies were eligible for inclusion in this study. Most of these studies were conducted in the United States, the Netherlands, and Iran, mostly with interventional and qualitative methods.
CONCLUSIONS
Strengthening ICT infrastructure, providing comprehensive government policies and planning, government economic support, social support by national and international organizations should be considered by countries worldwide. It is suggested that countries provide sufficient ICT infrastructure, comprehensive policies and planning, economic support, social support by collaboration between national and international organizations, and healthcare supporting to manage incidence of GBV against women in future pandemics.
Topics: Female; Humans; COVID-19; Domestic Violence; Gender-Based Violence; Pandemics; Sex Offenses
PubMed: 37138321
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02372-6 -
International Journal of Environmental... Nov 2022Intimate partner violence (IPV) and child maltreatment (physical, emotional, sexual abuse, neglect, and children's exposure to IPV) are two of the most common types of...
Intimate partner violence (IPV) and child maltreatment (physical, emotional, sexual abuse, neglect, and children's exposure to IPV) are two of the most common types of family violence; they are associated with a broad range of health consequences. We summarize evidence addressing the need for safe and culturally-informed clinical responses to child maltreatment and IPV, focusing on mental health settings. This considers clinical features of child maltreatment and IPV; applications of rights-based and trauma- and violence-informed care; how to ask about potential experiences of violence; safe responses to disclosures; assessment and interventions that include referral networks and resources developed in partnership with multidisciplinary and community actors; and the need for policy and practice frameworks, appropriate training and continuing professional development provisions and resources for mental health providers. Principles for a common approach to recognizing and safely responding to child maltreatment and IPV are discussed, recognizing the needs in well-resourced and scarce resource settings, and for marginalized groups in any setting.
Topics: Child; Humans; Mental Health; Intimate Partner Violence; Child Abuse; Domestic Violence; Physical Abuse
PubMed: 36497747
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315672 -
Journal of Primary Care & Community... 2023To implement an improved DV screening and follow-up protocol at a suburban community health clinic that is consistently used by staff with appropriate female patients as...
PURPOSE
To implement an improved DV screening and follow-up protocol at a suburban community health clinic that is consistently used by staff with appropriate female patients as well as to assess provider/staff barriers to this.
METHODS
The project was completed at a community health clinic and included 2 presentations: the first to outline current practices as well as the intervention plan at the pre-intervention time point and then to review results of the intervention and elicit feedback post intervention. Provider/staff barrier surveys were completed at both time points. The intervention consisted of completion of the HITS DV screening tool on all appropriate female patients and a system-level algorithm-based follow-up care plan for positive cases.
RESULTS
Eligible patient screening increased by 3.1% and patients screening positive increased from 0 to 1 from baseline to intervention. Average scores on the barrier surveys improved for all questions and improved significantly for 3 of the questions. The algorithm implemented was utilized for the positive screening.
CONCLUSIONS
Use of a DV screening tool, that has shown good concurrent and construct validity in the literature, a system-level algorithm for follow-up care and addressing provider/staff barriers to screening and follow-up are essential components of a successful DV screening and follow-up program.
Topics: Humans; Female; Public Health; Follow-Up Studies; Mass Screening; Domestic Violence; Ambulatory Care Facilities
PubMed: 37503785
DOI: 10.1177/21501319231189074 -
Nursing Outlook 2022Gender inequalities could lead to grave human and economic consequences, especially amid global health crises of the coronavirus 2019's (COVID-19) scale. The COVID-19...
Gender inequalities could lead to grave human and economic consequences, especially amid global health crises of the coronavirus 2019's (COVID-19) scale. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated gender inequalities women face and introduced new challenges that are unprecedented to society at large. Adverse effects of COVID-19, compounded by unintended consequences caused by public health policies such as lockdowns (e.g., delayed or canceled health services), have forced women to face issues ranging from COVID-19 infections and deaths, prolonged unemployment, to unparalleled scale and severity of domestic violence. However, though women face a canopy of debilitating challenges, there is a shortage of research that examines health solutions that can mitigate, if not offset, challenges women experience amid COVID-19. In this paper, we aim to shed light on why timely solutions are needed to mitigate gender inequalities and health disparities women face amid COVID-19 promptly. Furthermore, we underscore the imperative for cost-effective interventions that could shed light on the current health crisis and future pandemics.
Topics: COVID-19; Domestic Violence; Female; Health Status Disparities; Humans; Public Policy; Sexism; Unemployment; Women's Rights
PubMed: 34774306
DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2021.08.004 -
BMC Women's Health May 2024This integrative review summarises original research that explores women's experiences of escaping domestic violence to achieve safe housing. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
This integrative review summarises original research that explores women's experiences of escaping domestic violence to achieve safe housing.
METHODS
Integrative review. A robust search strategy was conducted using the following databases: Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), Cochrane, Medline and PubMed. All articles were assessed for quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tools (MMAT) scoring. Whittemore and Knafl's (2005) five stage approach was used to analyse the primary literature related to women's and stakeholders' experiences of escaping domestic violence to achieve safe housing.
RESULTS
A total of 41 articles were retrieved and 12 papers were included in this review (six qualitative, one quantitative and five mixed methods) that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Four overarching themes were identified: 'Experiences of leaving domestic violence', 'Barriers to achieving safe housing', 'Facilitators to achieving safe housing' and 'The road to recovery'. The 'Experiences of leaving domestic violence' theme included two subthemes: 'the losses' and 'ongoing contact with the perpetrator'. The 'Barriers to achieving safe housing' theme included three subthemes: 'financial insecurity', 'being judged by others for leaving and service availability'. The 'Facilitators to achieving safe housing' theme included two sub-themes: 'support, partnership, and collaboration between women and service providers' and 'feeling respected and heard'. The 'Road to recovery' theme included two sub-themes: 'being a good mother' and 'empowerment after leaving domestic violence'.
CONCLUSIONS
This review has highlighted the need for service and health care providers to work together and collaborate effectively with the woman experiencing and escaping domestic violence, especially in rural and remote areas. This means giving women access to the most suitable educational resources and services that are appropriate for their unique situation. Tailoring support for women is crucial to enable women to achieve safe housing and to be able to live a safe life with their children, away from the perpetrator of the domestic violence.
Topics: Humans; Female; Domestic Violence; Housing
PubMed: 38822284
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03143-7 -
Maternal and Child Health Journal Jan 2018Objectives Breastfeeding has short- and long-term health benefits for children and mothers, but US breastfeeding rates are suboptimal. Exposure to violence may...
Objectives Breastfeeding has short- and long-term health benefits for children and mothers, but US breastfeeding rates are suboptimal. Exposure to violence may contribute to these low rates, which vary by race/ethnicity. We studied: (1) whether patterns of violence exposure differ by race/ethnicity and (2) whether these patterns are associated with breastfeeding outcomes. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of data drawn from self-report surveys completed by a convenience sample of low-income postpartum women (n = 760) in upstate New York. Latent class analysis was used to identify groups of women with similar responses to seven violence measures, including childhood physical and/or sexual violence, experience of partner violence during or just after pregnancy (physical, emotional, verbal), and neighborhood violence (perceived or by ZIP code). Logistic regression and survival analysis were utilized to determine if classes were associated with breastfeeding initiation, duration, and exclusivity, controlling for demographics. Results Exposure to at least one form of violence was high in this sample (87%). We identified 4 classes defined by violence exposure (combining current and historical exposures). Violence exposure patterns differed between racial/ethnic groups, but patterns were inconsistently associated with breastfeeding plans or outcomes. For White women, history of violence exposure increased the likelihood of earlier breastfeeding cessation. By contrast, among Black women, history of violence exposure increased the likelihood of having a breastfeeding plan and initiating breastfeeding. Conclusions for Practice Some differences between violence exposure classes are likely due to the correlation between race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status in the community studied. Additional studies are warranted to better understand how exposure to violence is related to breastfeeding and how best to support women making decisions about intention, initiation, and duration of breastfeeding.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Breast Feeding; Domestic Violence; Ethnicity; Female; Health Behavior; Health Surveys; Humans; Mothers; Pregnancy; Racial Groups; Residence Characteristics; Socioeconomic Factors; Time Factors; Violence; Young Adult
PubMed: 28766093
DOI: 10.1007/s10995-017-2357-1