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Biotechnology Reports (Amsterdam,... Sep 2017Multifariousness of biofuel sources has marked an edge to an imperative energy issue. Production of hydrogen from microalgae has been gathering much contemplation right... (Review)
Review
Multifariousness of biofuel sources has marked an edge to an imperative energy issue. Production of hydrogen from microalgae has been gathering much contemplation right away. But, mercantile production of microalgae biofuels considering bio-hydrogen is still not practicable because of low biomass concentration and costly down streaming processes. This review has taken up the hydrogen production by microalgae. Biofuels are the up and coming alternative to exhaustible, environmentally and unsafe fossil fuels. Algal biomass has been considered as an enticing raw material for biofuel production, these days photobioreactors and open-air systems are being used for hydrogen production from algal biomass. The formers allow the careful cultivation control whereas the latter ones are cheaper and simpler. A contemporary, encouraging optimization access has been included called algal cell immobilization on various matrixes which has resulted in marked increase in the productivity per volume of a reactor and addition of the hydrogen-production phase.
PubMed: 28702371
DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2017.06.001 -
Journal of Current Ophthalmology Dec 2019To report a case of pachydermoperiostosis (PDP) and a review of the literature.
PURPOSE
To report a case of pachydermoperiostosis (PDP) and a review of the literature.
METHODS
A 32-year-old man was referred to our clinic with bilateral eyelid swelling and blepharoptosis. On examination, marked blepharoptosis was noted, and his eyelids were found to be floppy. Systemic examination was significant for clubbing of digits, coarse acromegalic facial features, and furrowing and oiliness of the skin of scalp and forehead.
RESULTS
The patient was diagnosed as a case of PDP. On the brain MRI, the pituitary gland was enlarged, and the border of clivus was irregular. Pituitary and thyroid hormone levels were normal. He underwent bilateral lateral tarsal strip (LTS) procedure to address the eyelid laxity. Histopathologic examination revealed marked sebaceous gland hyperplasia with mucin deposition in the dermis.
CONCLUSION
Floppy eyelid syndrome, clubbing, and acromegaloid face are main features that could lead to the diagnosis of PDP.
PubMed: 31844800
DOI: 10.1016/j.joco.2019.03.001 -
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.... Sep 2022Transposition flaps are useful for reconstruction of many skin defects. Limberg described a rhomboid rotation flap in 1946. Dufourmentel described an improved version of...
Transposition flaps are useful for reconstruction of many skin defects. Limberg described a rhomboid rotation flap in 1946. Dufourmentel described an improved version of the Limberg flap in 1962. The Dufourmentel flap is also a quadrangular rhomboid flap which can be used in any area of the body except for the central face, the fingers, and the volar hand. The design of the Dufourmentel flap creates a wider base for this random flap, thus making it more reliable. Where tissue loss is significant, or where skin and soft tissue elasticity is limited, double opposing Dufourmentel flaps are useful. A variation of the Dufourmentel flap is described where a circular defect is converted to a square. The line of greatest extensibility is marked through the circular defect or lesion. A square is marked around the circle with one corner of the square tilted 10-20 degrees counterclockwise from the line of greatest extensibility. After marking corners A, B, C, and D, lines are marked extending BD and CD. The first incision, DE, will bisect the angle created by extending BD and CD. The second incision, EF, is roughly perpendicular to CD extended, but the angle at E is opened up a bit to create a wider base for the flap. Point D will rotate to point B, E rotates to C, and F translates to D. The invisible line DF should be approximately parallel to the line of greatest extensibility. When the defect is relatively large or where the surrounding tissues have limited elasticity, the above-described ideal variation of the Dufourmentel flap may not be possible because the flap may not rotate and advance all the way around without tension. In this case, double opposing Dufourmentel type flaps have been found to be useful by meeting each other at the halfway point.
PubMed: 36148032
DOI: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000004183 -
Veterinary Medicine and Science Jul 2022Canine eosinophilia has not been evaluated over the last two decades. As in human local differences, changes in the prevalence and associated diseases over time can be...
BACKGROUND
Canine eosinophilia has not been evaluated over the last two decades. As in human local differences, changes in the prevalence and associated diseases over time can be expected.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to determine the prevalence and causes of marked blood eosinophilia in dogs.
METHODS
Retrospective study. A total of 317 clinical histories of dogs with an eosinophil concentration > 1.5 × 10 /L (marked eosinophilia) between 2013 and 2017 were evaluated. Patients were allocated to 10 groups according to their major clinical findings.
RESULTS
Eosinophilia was present in 1,592 of 10,829 dogs (14.7%); it was mild (0.8-1.49 × 10 /L) in 78.4%, moderate (1.5 - 4.9 × 10 /L) in 20.5% and severe (> 5 × 10 /L) in 1.1% of cases. Rottweilers were overrepresented (16.1%). Of 317 cases with marked eosinophilia, 19.6% had neoplasia, 19.1% gastrointestinal disorders, 13.6% health check, 10.4% endoparasites, 6% respiratory, 5.4% neurologic, 5.4% dermatologic, 4.8% urogenital, 3.2% endocrine disorders and 12.6% miscellaneous. Lymphomas (29%) and mast cell tumours (12.9%) were the most frequent tumours in the neoplasia group. A total of 72.6% of tumour-bearing dogs were older than 8 years, while 63.6% of dogs had endoparasites, and 86% of apparently healthy dogs were younger than 5 years. Eosinophilia was significantly higher in patients with respiratory disorders (p < 0.0146). Leukocytosis was found in 50.2% of cases.
CONCLUSION
Malignancy was the most common cause of marked blood eosinophilia in older dogs and endoparasitism in younger dogs. Eosinophilia was common in apparently healthy young dogs and may be related to undiagnosed parasitic infestations.
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Ectoparasitic Infestations; Eosinophilia; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35654102
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.832 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Sep 2021The early months of the COVID-19 pandemic were marked by a desperate need for nasopharyngeal swabs to test for SARS-CoV-2, with demand far outstripping supply. April...
The early months of the COVID-19 pandemic were marked by a desperate need for nasopharyngeal swabs to test for SARS-CoV-2, with demand far outstripping supply. April marked the anniversary of an unprecedented nationwide multibusiness/multihospital partnership that successfully met this need, a fitting occasion to review lessons learned. Here, I briefly recount the key events, constraints, and thought processes surrounding the effort in order to better inform responses to future crises. Overall, the experience was a strong validation of Joy's Law and illustrated the utility of recognizing temptations to avoid, in order to reap the rewards of cooperation. I conclude by summarizing lessons learned.
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Nasopharynx; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2; Specimen Handling
PubMed: 34406796
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01239-21 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2021The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new paradigm that connects objects to provide seamless communication and contextual information to anyone, anywhere, at any time (AAA)....
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new paradigm that connects objects to provide seamless communication and contextual information to anyone, anywhere, at any time (AAA). These Internet-of-Things-enabled automated objects interact with visitors to present a variety of information during museum navigation and exploration. In this article, a smart navigation and information system (SNIS) prototype for museum navigation and exploration is developed, which delivers an interactive and more exciting museum exploration experience based on the visitor's personal presence. The objects inside a museum share the information that assist and navigate the visitors about the different sections and objects of the museum. The system was deployed inside Chakdara Museum and experimented with 381 users to achieve the results. For results, different users marked the proposed system in terms of parameters such as interesting, reality, ease of use, satisfaction, usefulness, and user friendly. Of these 381 users, 201 marked the system as most interesting, 138 marked most realistic, 121 marked it as easy-in-use, 219 marked it useful, and 210 marked it as user friendly. These statistics prove the efficiency of SNIS and its usefulness in smart cultural heritage, including smart museums, exhibitions and cultural sites.
Topics: Communication; Information Systems; Internet of Things; Museums; Personal Satisfaction
PubMed: 35009853
DOI: 10.3390/s22010312 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2021This review is written amid a marked progress in the calculation of NMR parameters of carbohydrates substantiated by a vast amount of experimental data coming from... (Review)
Review
This review is written amid a marked progress in the calculation of NMR parameters of carbohydrates substantiated by a vast amount of experimental data coming from several laboratories worldwide. By no means are we trying to cover in the present compilation a huge amount of all available data. The main idea of the present review was only to outline general trends and perspectives in this dynamically developing area on the background of a marked progress in theoretical and computational NMR. Presented material is arranged in three basic sections: (1)-a brief theoretical introduction; (2)-applications and perspectives in computational NMR of monosaccharides; and (3)-calculation of NMR chemical shifts and spin-spin coupling constants of di- and polysaccharides.
Topics: Algorithms; Carbohydrates; Density Functional Theory; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Models, Chemical; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Structure; Monosaccharides; Polysaccharides; Solvents
PubMed: 33922318
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092450 -
Journal of Asthma and Allergy 2021Asthma is a common, chronic airway inflammatory disease marked by airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling. Asthma incidence has increased rapidly in the... (Review)
Review
Asthma is a common, chronic airway inflammatory disease marked by airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling. Asthma incidence has increased rapidly in the past few decades and recent multicenter analyses have revealed several unique asthma endotypes. Of these, type-2 high asthma with comorbid obesity presents a unique clinical challenge marked by increased resistance to standard therapies and exacerbated disease development. The extrinsic coagulation pathway plays a significant role in both type-2 high asthma and obesity. The type-2 high asthma airway is marked by increased procoagulant potential, which is readily activated following damage to airway tissue. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role the extrinsic coagulation pathway plays in the airway of type-2 high asthma with comorbid obesity. We propose that asthma control is worsened in obesity as a result of a systemic and local airway shift towards a procoagulant and anti-fibrinolytic environment. Lastly, we hypothesize bariatric surgery as a treatment for improved asthma management in type-2 high asthma with comorbid obesity, facilitated by normalization of systemic procoagulant and pro-inflammatory mediators. A better understanding of attenuated coagulation parameters in the airway following bariatric surgery will advance our knowledge of biomolecular pathways driving asthma pathobiology in patients with obesity.
PubMed: 34408442
DOI: 10.2147/JAA.S318017 -
Interface Focus Jun 2020Depression and anxiety are negative emotional states familiar to us all through personal experience. Less familiar are severe states of depression, in particular, which...
Depression and anxiety are negative emotional states familiar to us all through personal experience. Less familiar are severe states of depression, in particular, which can actually shorten the lives of sufferers by over a decade. The relationship of these very severe states of illness to the milder cases more common earlier in development is important. Most patients who have suffered from depression will suffer from further episodes during their lifetime, and an early onset may make recurrence more likely. A number of factors increase the risk for depression, including family history, stressful life events, early life experiences, personality (particularly the traits of neuroticism and perfectionism) and mood lability (marked ups and downs). Sleep disturbance may both provoke and/or signal the onset of mood disorder. Sleep is therefore doubly important as a gateway to treatment. Understanding more about how sleep interacts with the established risk factors would allow vulnerable young people to be identified earlier for more effective intervention. Early identification of sleep disorder and depression allows psychological treatments to be used, which are less effective once a full depressive episode and a cascade of neurobiological and psychological effects have occurred.
PubMed: 32382407
DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2019.0115 -
International Journal of Surgery... Jan 2024When they encounter various highly related postoperative complications, existing risk evaluation tools that focus on single or any complications are inadequate in...
Development and validation of an interpretable Markov-embedded multilabel model for predicting risks of multiple postoperative complications among surgical inpatients: a multicenter prospective cohort study.
BACKGROUND
When they encounter various highly related postoperative complications, existing risk evaluation tools that focus on single or any complications are inadequate in clinical practice. This seriously hinders complication management because of the lack of a quantitative basis. An interpretable multilabel model framework that predicts multiple complications simultaneously is urgently needed.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The authors included 50 325 inpatients from a large multicenter cohort (2014-2017). The authors separated patients from one hospital for external validation and randomly split the remaining patients into training and internal validation sets. A MARKov-EmbeDded (MARKED) multilabel model was proposed, and three models were trained for comparison: binary relevance, a fully connected network (FULLNET), and a deep neural network. Performance was mainly evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The authors interpreted the model using Shapley Additive Explanations. Complication-specific risk and risk source inference were provided at the individual level.
RESULTS
There were 26 292, 6574, and 17 459 inpatients in the training, internal validation, and external validation sets, respectively. For the external validation set, MARKED achieved the highest average AUC (0.818, 95% CI: 0.771-0.864) across eight outcomes [compared with binary relevance, 0.799 (0.748-0.849), FULLNET, 0.806 (0.756-0.856), and deep neural network, 0.815 (0.765-0.866)]. Specifically, the AUCs of MARKED were above 0.9 for cardiac complications [0.927 (0.894-0.960)], neurological complications [0.905 (0.870-0.941)], and mortality [0.902 (0.867-0.937)]. Serum albumin, surgical specialties, emergency case, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, age, and sex were the six most important preoperative variables. The interaction between complications contributed more than the preoperative variables, and formed a hierarchical chain of risk factors, mild complications, and severe complications.
CONCLUSION
The authors demonstrated the advantage of MARKED in terms of performance and interpretability. The authors expect that the identification of high-risk patients and the inference of the risk source for specific complications will be valuable for clinical decision-making.
Topics: Humans; Prospective Studies; Inpatients; Postoperative Complications; Risk Factors; Neural Networks, Computer; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 37830953
DOI: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000817