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3 Biotech Jan 2022A novel strain with antifungal activity against was isolated from soil, and identified as sp. ZJUT-IFE-354 using morphological and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The...
UNLABELLED
A novel strain with antifungal activity against was isolated from soil, and identified as sp. ZJUT-IFE-354 using morphological and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The bioactive metabolite produced by strain ZJUT-IFE-354 was identified and characterized as valinomycin by spectroscopic and chemical methods. The yield of valinomycin was 191.26 mg/L from the culture of sp. ZJUT-IFE-354, which was the highest yield to our knowledge. The in vitro antifungal activity of valinomycin against was investigated as 0.056 ± 0.012 (EC) and 0.121 ± 0.023 μg/mL (EC), respectively, which was approximately 10.696- and 30.960-fold more active than that of carbendazim. The results from scanning electron microscopy, cell membrane permeability, and -sorbitol and ergosterol assay indicated that valinomycin exerted the antifungal activity probably by increasing permeability of fungal cell membrane, leading to mycelial electrolyte leakage, and eventually resulting in the death of . Thus, valinomycin may be a promising antifungal agent to control .
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-03055-5.
PubMed: 34926115
DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03055-5 -
Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex... Apr 2016In this study, 50 pesticides were analyzed in the Ebro River basin in 2010 and 2011 to assess their impact in water, sediment and biota. A special emphasis was placed on...
In this study, 50 pesticides were analyzed in the Ebro River basin in 2010 and 2011 to assess their impact in water, sediment and biota. A special emphasis was placed on the potential effects of both, individual pesticides and their mixtures, in three trophic levels (algae, daphnia and fish) using Risk Quotients (RQs) and Toxic Units (TUs) for water and sediments. Chlorpyrifos, diazinon and carbendazim were the most frequent in water (95, 95 and 70% of the samples, respectively). Imazalil (409.73 ng/L) and diuron (150 ng/L) were at the highest concentrations. Sediment and biota were less contaminated. Chlorpyrifos, diazinon and diclofenthion were the most frequent in sediments (82, 45 and 21% of the samples, respectively). The only pesticide detected in biota was chlorpyrifos (up to 840.2 ng g(-1)). Ecotoxicological risk assessment through RQs showed that organophosphorus and azol presented high risk for algae; organophosphorus, benzimidazoles, carbamates, juvenile hormone mimic and other pesticides for daphnia, and organophosphorus, azol and juvenile hormone mimics for fish. The sum TUsite for water and sediments showed values < 1 for the three bioassays. In both matrices, daphnia and fish were more sensitive to the mixture of pesticide residues present.
Topics: Animals; Benzimidazoles; Biota; Carbamates; Daphnia; Ecotoxicology; Environmental Monitoring; Fishes; Pesticide Residues; Pesticides; Risk Assessment; Rivers; Spain; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water Pollution, Chemical
PubMed: 26802514
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.12.059 -
Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Jul 2022Control of fungal phytopathogens affecting crops and woodlands is an important goal in environmental management and the maintenance of food security. This work describes...
Control of fungal phytopathogens affecting crops and woodlands is an important goal in environmental management and the maintenance of food security. This work describes the synthesis of 37 camphor derivatives, of which 27 were new compounds. Their antifungal effects on six fungi were evaluated in vitro. Compounds , and showed strong antifungal activity against , with EC values of 0.43, 6.80 and 4.86 mg/L, respectively, which were better than that of tricyclazole (EC 118.20 mg/L) and close to or better than that of carbendazim (EC 1.20 mg/L). The most potent compound, , exhibited broad-spectrum antifungal activity towards six fungi with EC values within the range of 0.43-40.18 mg/L. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that compounds , and gave irregular growth and shriveling of the mycelia. In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation revealed that the tested camphor derivatives had mild or no cytotoxicity for LO and HEK293T cell lines. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis revealed that the number of F atoms, relative molecular weight, the atomic orbital electronic population and total charge on the positively charged surfaces of the molecules of camphor derivatives have effects on antifungal activity. The present study may provide a theoretical basis for a high-value use of camphor and could be helpful for the development of novel potential antifungals.
PubMed: 35893130
DOI: 10.3390/jof8080762 -
Materia Socio-medica Jun 2020Sexual function greatly affects the quality of life. Any problem which affects satisfaction is considered sexual dysfunction. (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Sexual function greatly affects the quality of life. Any problem which affects satisfaction is considered sexual dysfunction.
AIM
The aim of this study was to investigate how recently used of complementary and alternative medicines has increased in treating infertility.
METHODS
Study has descriptive character based on searched and analyzed facts from the published articles in scientific journals.
RESULTS
The majority of the studies done for the detection of the efficacy of medicinal plants in treating male infertility were done on experimental animals with few clinical studies. However, there is still a need for more studies to have certain results, as conflicting results were noted in different studies done on the effect of the same medicinal plant on spermatogenesis. It might be referred it to the absence of standardization among research models, the difference in extracts, administration route, doses and how long did the experiment last added to differences in the part of the plant used and plant collection. This review summarized the finding of many studies that studied the effect of different medicinal herbs on the testes, epididymis, sperm and prostate parameters, testosterone level and steroidogenesis, erection/ejaculation function and libido.
CONCLUSION
The protective effect might be due to OLE competence to antagonize the oxidative stress and LPO. Londium suffruticosum I. suffruticosum leaf extract was administered to sub-fertile male rats, subfertility was induced by carbendazim, it resulted in increased spermatogenesis, increased sperm counts, lessened sperm agglutination by preserving normal pH in testicular microenvironment, increasing the testicular oxidative biomarkers, SOD, and CAT. It was found that the main active components of the extract are alkaloids, steroidal lactones and flavonoids.
PubMed: 32843864
DOI: 10.5455/msm.2020.32.140-147 -
Frontiers in Chemistry 2023A series of 1,4-benzoxazin-3-one derivatives containing an acylhydrazone moiety were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal activities against , , , ,...
A series of 1,4-benzoxazin-3-one derivatives containing an acylhydrazone moiety were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal activities against , , , , and . The structures of target compounds were characterized by H NMR, H NMR, F NMR and HRMS. The preliminary antifungal evaluation of all target compounds showed that some target compounds possessed moderate to good activities against , , and . Among them, compounds and exhibited noticeable inhibition effects against with the EC values (effective concentration for 50% activity) of 20.06 and 23.17 g/ml, respectively, which were even nearly double effective than that of hymexazol (40.51 g/ml). Meanwhile, compound displayed a notable inhibitory effect toward , with the EC value of 26.66 μg/ml, which was better than that of hymexazol (32.77 g/ml). In addition, compound yielded the EC value of 15.37 g/ml against , which was less than those of hymexazol (18.35 g/ml) and carbendazim (34.41 g/ml). Eventually, compound showed higher inhibitory effect against , with EC value of 26.76 g/ml, which was better than that of hymexazol (>50 g/ml).
PubMed: 37547906
DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1233443 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2022Different pollutants usually co-exist in the natural environment, and the ecological and health risk assessment of agrochemicals needs to be carried out based on the...
Different pollutants usually co-exist in the natural environment, and the ecological and health risk assessment of agrochemicals needs to be carried out based on the combined toxicological effects of pollutants. To examine the combined toxicity to aquatic organisms, the effects of cadmium (Cd) and five pesticides (acetamiprid, carbendazim, azoxystrobin, chlorpyrifos, and bifenthrin) mixture on zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae were assessed. The data from the 96-h toxicity test indicated that bifenthrin possessed the highest toxicity to D. rerio with the LC value of 0.15 mg L, followed by chlorpyrifos (0.36 mg L) and azoxystrobin (0.63 mg L). Cd (6.84 mg L) and carbendazim (8.53 mg L) induced the intermediate toxic responses, while acetamiprid (58.39 mg L) presented the lowest toxicity to the organisms. Pesticide mixtures containing chlorpyrifos and bifenthrin or acetamiprid and carbendazim showed synergistic impacts on the zebrafish. Besides, two binary combinations of Cd-acetamiprid and Cd-chlorpyrifos also displayed a synergistic effect on D. rerio. Our results offered a better idea of the mixed ecological risk assessment of Cd and different agricultural chemicals to aquatic organisms. Our findings better interpreted how the interaction between Cd and various agrochemicals changed their toxicity to aquatic vertebrates and provided valuable insights into critical impacts on the ecological hazard of their combinations.
Topics: Agrochemicals; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Cadmium; Carbamates; Chlorpyrifos; Environmental Pollutants; Larva; Pesticides; Pyrethrins; Pyrimidines; Strobilurins; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Zebrafish
PubMed: 36163367
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20364-8 -
Microbiological Research Aug 2022Microbes are crucial in removing various xenobiotics, including pesticides, from the environment, specifically by mineralizing these hazardous pollutants. However, the...
Microbes are crucial in removing various xenobiotics, including pesticides, from the environment, specifically by mineralizing these hazardous pollutants. However, the specific procedure of microbe-mediated pesticide degradation and its consequence on the environment remain elusive owing to limitations in culturing techniques. Therefore, in this study, we have investigated i) the physicochemical and elemental compositions of PCAS (pesticide-contaminated agricultural soils) and NS (natural soils); ii) the bacterial communities and degradation pathways, as well as some novel biodegradation genes (BDGs) and pesticide degradation genes (PDGs) across two different landscapes (PCAS and NS) by applying high-throughput sequencing. The chemical and elemental composition analyses showed that all nutrients (P, K, N, S, Mn, B, and Zn) were significantly higher in PCAS than in NS (p ≤ 0.05). The results of the 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing analysis of pesticide-contaminated (PCAS-1, PCAS-2, PCAS-3, PCAS-4) samples showed that the relative abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria (30-36%) > Actinobacteria (15-20%) > Firmicutes (13-14%) > Bacteroidetes (7-13%), were higher compared to the natural soil (NS-1, NS2). Consistent with this, a phylogenetic shift was observed with (alpha, beta, and gamma Proteobacteria) being abundant in PCAS, whereas delta and epsilon groups were more prevalent in NS. The functional characterization of the PCAS and NS by PICRUSt2 revealed that bacterial communities play a significant role in pesticide metabolism. Predictive metagenome analysis of contaminated soils showed the role of core degrading genes in membrane transport, stress response, regulatory genes, resource transport, and environmental sensing. Furthermore, 14 BDGs and 30 PDGs were examined, with a relative abundance of 0.081-1.029 % and 0.107-0.8903 % in each PCAS, respectively. The major BDGs and PDGs, with the compounds they hydrolyze, include ppo (polyphenol oxidase and laccase), CYP (cytochrome p450 protein), lip gene (lignin peroxidase), similarly, among the PDGs mhel (carbendazim), opd (organophosphate), mpd (methyl parathion), atzA, atzB, atzD, atzF and trzN (atrazine), chd (chlorothalonil), hdx (metamitron), hdl-1 (isoproturon) and fmo (nicosulfuron). Overall, our findings demonstrated the significance of utilizing metagenomic methods to predict microbial aided degradation in the ecology of contaminated environments.
Topics: Bacteria; Biodegradation, Environmental; Metagenome; Pesticides; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Soil; Soil Microbiology; Soil Pollutants
PubMed: 35660194
DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127081 -
Journal of Food Protection Oct 2023Dissipation, residue levels, and ingestion risks of carbendazim in peach (Amygdalus persica L.) were investigated with individual and joint applications in the present...
Dissipation, residue levels, and ingestion risks of carbendazim in peach (Amygdalus persica L.) were investigated with individual and joint applications in the present study. The dissipation kinetics of carbendazim, chlorpyrifos, prochloraz, and imidacloprid were evaluated by the first-order kinetics. When carbendazim was individually applied, the final residual concentration was 2.97 mg kg and the half-life was 17.4 d. In the joint application of carbendazim with chlorpyrifos, prochloraz, and imidacloprid, the residual concentrations at 35 d after spraying were 7.16, 7.50, and 4.26 mg kg and the half-lives were 30.8, 23.7, and 23.2 d, respectively, which showed an increase of 1.3-1.8 times compared with the single application of carbendazim. In addition, the effects of household processing of rinsing and peeling were investigated, and a high removal rate of 54.6% and 76.5% were found. Furthermore, the carbendazim ingestion risk assessment was conducted, which indicated that the acute health risk (aHI) and hazard quotient (HQ) of carbendazim were all within acceptable levels ranging from 21.7% to 40.9%. However, a higher ingestion risk of carbendazim was found under the joint application. This study provides some preliminary guidance for the joint application and risk assessment of carbendazim in peach, which is worth further investigation.
Topics: Prunus persica; Chlorpyrifos; Risk Assessment; Pesticide Residues
PubMed: 37604252
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100145 -
Biotechnology Reports (Amsterdam,... Dec 2022Carbendazim (CBZ) is a steady benzimidazole fungicide broadly exploited in cultivation for pre- and post-harvest treatment to dominate microorganisms infection on...
Carbendazim (CBZ) is a steady benzimidazole fungicide broadly exploited in cultivation for pre- and post-harvest treatment to dominate microorganisms infection on several plants. CBZ causes toxic effects in the different tissues of rat via influencing biochemical and hematological factors causing histopathological alterations in the liver and kidney of rats. Banana peel (BP) makes up about 38% of the whole banana weight, BP is usually disposed of as waste that is considered as an environmental problem. BP comprise bioactive a lot of compounds that can be exploited for their unique biological and pharmacological attributes. The current study was carried out to determine the protective effect of dried banana peels consumption against carbendazim toxicity in rats. The results indicated that banana peels had the ability to counteract the toxic effect of carbendazim on rats which was evident by the improvement in liver and kidney functions, lipid profile and histopathological examination.
PubMed: 36388846
DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00773 -
Environment International Jan 2023As an indispensable type of pesticide, fungicides have been somewhat neglected compared to insecticides and herbicides. Heavy fungicide application in agricultural...
As an indispensable type of pesticide, fungicides have been somewhat neglected compared to insecticides and herbicides. Heavy fungicide application in agricultural regions may generate downstream ecological concerns via in-stream transport, and the reservoir complicates the process. Monitoring fungicide exposure and exploring reservoir effect on fungicide transport is the key to develop the downstream strategies of agricultural diffusion pollution control. Here, we investigated the exposure, spatiotemporal dynamics, and ecological risk of fungicides in a reservoir-regulated agricultural basin, located in the middle of the Yangtze River Basin, China. Seven fungicides were preliminarily identified and exhibited high detection frequencies (>85 %) in subsequent quantification of water samples from three sampling activities. The total concentration of fungicides ranged from 2.47 to 560.29 ng/L, 28.35 to 274.69 ng/L, and 13.61 to 146.968 ng/L in April, September, and November, respectively. Overall, the contamination levels of fungicides were in the ascending order of April < November < September. The spatial distribution of fungicides was closely associated with the dense of cultivated land, supporting its agricultural source. Furthermore, the reservoir plays a retention role in fungicides, alleviating ecological pressure downstream during the water storage period. Yet, due to the alternation of "source" and "sink" function of the reservoir, the contribution of Zijiang River to the fungicide load in the Yangtze River Basin still needs further attention. Although there is no acute risk posed by fungicides, even in the high-exposure scenario, the chronic ecological risk could not be ignored. Agricultural intensive regions, coupled with the reservoir, provide rather substantial chronic ecological concerns. Carbendazim has been designated as a priority pollutant that contributes significantly to cumulative chronic risk. Thus, we emphasize strengthening the supervision of fungicides in surface water and rationally restricting the use of carbendazim in agricultural operations.
Topics: Fungicides, Industrial; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Environmental Monitoring; Water; China; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 36535191
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107697