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Journal of Nuclear Cardiology :... Aug 2017Aneurysms of the thoracic and abdominal aorta are common and can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality when complications, including dissection,... (Review)
Review
Aneurysms of the thoracic and abdominal aorta are common and can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality when complications, including dissection, rupture, or thrombosis, occur. Current approaches to diagnosis and risk stratification rely on measurements of aneurysm size and rate of growth, often using various imaging modalities, which may be suboptimal in identifying patients at the highest and lowest risk of complications. Targeting the biological processes underlying aneurysm formation and expansion with molecular imaging offers an exciting opportunity to characterize aortic aneurysms beyond size and address current gaps in our approach to diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology and biology of aortic aneurysms and highlight the role of molecular imaging in furthering our understanding of aneurysm pathogenesis and its potential future role in guiding management.
Topics: Aortic Aneurysm; Humans; Molecular Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 28447279
DOI: 10.1007/s12350-017-0883-2 -
Analytical Sciences : the International... Feb 2021Bioluminescence (BL) is an excellent optical readout platform that has great potential to be utilized in various bioassays and molecular imaging. The advantages of... (Review)
Review
Bioluminescence (BL) is an excellent optical readout platform that has great potential to be utilized in various bioassays and molecular imaging. The advantages of BL-based bioassays include the long dynamic range, minimal background, high signal-to-noise ratios, biocompatibility for use in cell-based assays, no need of external light source for excitation, simplicity in the measurement system, and versatility in the assay design. The recent intensive research in BL has greatly diversified the available luciferase-luciferin systems in the bioassay toolbox. However, the wide variety does not promise their successful utilization in various bioassays as new tools. This is mainly due to complexity and confusion with the diversity, and the unavailability of defined standards. This review is intended to provide an overview of recent basic developments and applications in BL studies, and showcases the bioanalytical utilities. We hope that this review can be used as an instant reference on BL and provides useful guidance for readers in narrowing down their potential options in their own assay designs.
Topics: Luminescent Measurements; Molecular Imaging
PubMed: 32963202
DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20R003 -
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering Feb 2018Almost a decade ago, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) was employed by the NASA in satellite imaging applications such as remote sensing technology. This technology has since... (Review)
Review
Almost a decade ago, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) was employed by the NASA in satellite imaging applications such as remote sensing technology. This technology has since been extensively used in the exploration of minerals, agricultural purposes, water resources, and urban development needs. Due to recent advancements in optical re-construction and imaging, HSI can now be applied down to micro- and nanometer scales possibly allowing for exquisite control and analysis of single cell to complex biological systems. This short review provides a description of the working principle of the HSI technology and how HSI can be used to assist, substitute, and validate traditional imaging technologies. This is followed by a description of the use of HSI for biological analysis and medical diagnostics with emphasis on single-cell analysis using HSI.
Topics: Molecular Imaging; Single-Cell Analysis; Software
PubMed: 29211294
DOI: 10.1115/1.4038638 -
SLAS Discovery : Advancing Life... Oct 2021
Topics: Computational Biology; High-Throughput Screening Assays; Humans; Molecular Imaging
PubMed: 34543135
DOI: 10.1177/24725552211042299 -
Seminars in Roentgenology Apr 2022Molecular breast imaging (MBI) is a nuclear medicine study performed with dedicated gamma camera systems optimized to image the uptake of Tc-99m sestamibi in the breast....
Molecular breast imaging (MBI) is a nuclear medicine study performed with dedicated gamma camera systems optimized to image the uptake of Tc-99m sestamibi in the breast. MBI provides a relatively low-cost and simple functional breast imaging method that can identify breast cancers obscured by dense fibroglandular tissue on mammography. Recent studies have also found that background levels of uptake in benign dense tissue may provide breast cancer risk information. This article discusses the latest updates in MBI technology, recent evidence supporting its clinical use, and work in progress that may aid in wider adoption of MBI.
Topics: Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Gamma Cameras; Humans; Mammography; Molecular Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi
PubMed: 35523526
DOI: 10.1053/j.ro.2021.12.006 -
Journal of Biomedical Optics May 2023This third biennial intraoperative molecular imaging (IMI) conference shows how optical contrast agents have been applied to develop clinically significant endpoints... (Review)
Review
SIGNIFICANCE
This third biennial intraoperative molecular imaging (IMI) conference shows how optical contrast agents have been applied to develop clinically significant endpoints that improve precision cancer surgery.
AIM
National and international experts on IMI presented ongoing clinical trials in cancer surgery and preclinical work. Previously known dyes (with broader applications), new dyes, novel nonfluorescence-based imaging techniques, pediatric dyes, and normal tissue dyes were discussed.
APPROACH
Principal investigators presenting at the Perelman School of Medicine Abramson Cancer Center's third clinical trials update on IMI were selected to discuss their clinical trials and endpoints.
RESULTS
Dyes that are FDA-approved or currently under clinical investigation in phase 1, 2, and 3 trials were discussed. Sections on how to move benchwork research to the bedside were also included. There was also a dedicated section for pediatric dyes and nonfluorescence-based dyes that have been newly developed.
CONCLUSIONS
IMI is a valuable adjunct in precision cancer surgery and has broad applications in multiple subspecialties. It has been reliably used to alter the surgical course of patients and in clinical decision making. There remain gaps in the utilization of IMI in certain subspecialties and potential for developing newer and improved dyes and imaging techniques.
Topics: Humans; Child; Neoplasms; Contrast Media; Molecular Imaging; Coloring Agents
PubMed: 37193364
DOI: 10.1117/1.JBO.28.5.050901 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2021Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a uniquely thermogenic tissue that plays an important role in metabolism and energy expenditure, has recently become a revived target in the... (Review)
Review
Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a uniquely thermogenic tissue that plays an important role in metabolism and energy expenditure, has recently become a revived target in the fight against metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Different from white adipose tissue (WAT), the brown adipocytes have distinctive features including multilocular lipid droplets, a large number of mitochondria, and a high expression of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), as well as abundant capillarity. These histologic characteristics provide an opportunity to differentiate BAT from WAT using imaging modalities, such as PET/CT, SPECT/CT, MRI, NIRF and Ultrasound. However, most of the reported imaging methods were BAT activation dependent, and the imaging signals could be affected by many factors, including environmental temperatures and the states of the sympathetic nervous system. Accurate BAT mass detection methods that are independent of temperature and hormone levels have the capacity to track the development and changes of BAT throughout the lifetime of mammals, and such methods could be very useful for the investigation of potential BAT-related therapies. In this review, we focus on molecular imaging modalities that can detect and quantify BAT mass. In addition, their detection mechanism and limitations will be discussed as well.
Topics: Adipose Tissue, Brown; Adipose Tissue, White; Animals; Humans; Metabolic Diseases; Molecular Imaging
PubMed: 34502347
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179436 -
Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2018Molecular imaging has emerged at the end of the last century as an interdisciplinary method involving imaging and molecular biology aiming at identifying living... (Review)
Review
Molecular imaging has emerged at the end of the last century as an interdisciplinary method involving imaging and molecular biology aiming at identifying living biological processes at a cellular and molecular level in a noninvasive manner. It has a profound role in determining disease changes and facilitating drug research and development, thus creating new medical modalities to monitor human health. At present, a variety of different molecular imaging techniques have their advantages, disadvantages, and limitations. In order to overcome these shortcomings, researchers combine two or more detection techniques to create a new imaging mode, such as multimodal molecular imaging, to obtain a better result and more information regarding monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment. In this review, we first describe the classic molecular imaging technology and its key advantages, and then, we offer some of the latest multimodal molecular imaging modes. Finally, we summarize the great challenges, the future development, and the great potential in this field.
Topics: Animals; Diagnosis; Drug Monitoring; Humans; Molecular Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Therapeutics
PubMed: 29967571
DOI: 10.1155/2018/1382183 -
Technology in Cancer Research &... Jan 2019Copper-64 (T = 12.7 hours; β: 19%, β: 38%) has a unique decay profile and can be used for positron emission tomography imaging and radionuclide therapy. The... (Review)
Review
Copper-64 (T = 12.7 hours; β: 19%, β: 38%) has a unique decay profile and can be used for positron emission tomography imaging and radionuclide therapy. The well-established coordination chemistry of copper allows for its reaction with different types of chelator systems. It can be linked to antibodies, proteins, peptides, and other biologically relevant small molecules. Two potential ways to produce copper-64 radioisotopes concern the use of the cyclotron or the reactor. This review summarized several commonly used biomarkers of copper-64 radionuclide.
Topics: Animals; Copper Radioisotopes; Humans; Molecular Imaging; Neoplasms; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 30764737
DOI: 10.1177/1533033819830758 -
Research in Microbiology Nov 2018The visualization of viral particles only became possible after the advent of the electron microscope. The first bacteriophage images were published in 1940 and were... (Review)
Review
The visualization of viral particles only became possible after the advent of the electron microscope. The first bacteriophage images were published in 1940 and were soon followed by many other publications that helped to elucidate the structure of the particles and their interaction with the bacterial hosts. As sample preparation improved and new technologies were developed, phage imaging became important approach to morphologically classify these viruses and helped to understand its importance in the biosphere. In this review we discuss the main milestones in phage imaging, how it affected our knowledge on these viruses and recent developments in the field.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Bacteriophages; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Microscopy; Molecular Imaging; Virion
PubMed: 29852217
DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2018.05.006