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Microbiome Aug 2022Monitoring microbial communities especially focused on pathogens in newly developed wastewater treatment systems is recommended for public health. Thus, we investigated...
BACKGROUND
Monitoring microbial communities especially focused on pathogens in newly developed wastewater treatment systems is recommended for public health. Thus, we investigated the microbial community shift in a pilot-scale microalgal treatment system for piggery wastewater.
RESULTS
Microalgae showed reasonable removal efficiencies for COD and ammonia, resulting in higher transparency of the final effluent. Metagenome and microbial diversity analyses showed that heterotrophic microalgal cultivation barely changed the bacterial community; however, the mixotrophic microalgal cultivation induced a sudden change. In addition, an evaluation of risk groups (RGs) of bacteria showed that raw piggery wastewater included abundant pathogens, and the microalgal treatment of the raw piggery wastewater decreased the RG2 pathogens by 63%. However, co-cultivation of microalgae and the most dominant RG2 pathogen, Oligella, showed no direct effects between them.
CONCLUSIONS
Thus, a microbial interaction network was constructed to elucidate algae-bacteria interrelationships, and the decrease in Oligella was indirectly connected with microalgal growth via Brevundimonas, Sphingopyxis, and Stenotrophomonas. In a validation test, 3 among 4 connecting bacterial strains exhibited inhibition zones against Oligella. Therefore, we showed that microalgal wastewater treatment causes a decrease in RG2 bacteria, which is an indirect impact of microalgae associated with bacteria. Video abstract.
Topics: Biomass; Microalgae; Nitrogen; Wastewater; Water Purification
PubMed: 36045433
DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01339-3 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Aug 2019
PubMed: 31350376
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01543-18 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2022The brain development of preterm infants is easily affected by various adverse extrauterine factors and complications, resulting in abnormal neurological and cognitive...
BACKGROUND
The brain development of preterm infants is easily affected by various adverse extrauterine factors and complications, resulting in abnormal neurological and cognitive development. Recent studies have found that there is a significant correlation between intestinal microbial changes and cognitive behavior. Nevertheless, the correlation between the cognitive impairment and abnormal changes of intestinal microflora in the preterm newborn has been rarely elucidated.
AIM
To analyze the differences of fecal intestinal flora, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA)-related serum factors between preterm birth with and without cognitive impairment.
METHODS
Healthy female rats (body weight 410 ± 40 g) of 16-17 days of gestation were selected for the establishment of preterm cognitive impairment model and screened by Morris water maze navigation experiments. The pathological change of rat hippocampus was confirmed by HE staining. The abundance of fecal intestinal microflora was determined by 16sRNA sequencing, while the contents of fecal SCFAs were examined by gas chromatography.
RESULTS
Compared with the control group, the cognitive impairment group had decreased abundance and diversity of intestinal microflora and increased abundance of at the level of phylum. While the abundances of , , , and decreased significantly at the level of order, family, and genus, the abundances of , , , and increased significantly. Moreover, the levels of total SCFAs and acetic acid in the disease group were significantly lower. The fecal abundance of acetic acid was positively correlated with that of or , and negatively correlated with that of , and in disease rats. Furthermore, cognitive impairment caused significantly decreased levels of 5-HT, GABA, and BDNF, and increased levels of GR, CRH, IL-6, and TNF-α in rat blood.
CONCLUSION
Alterations in intestinal microflora structure and the abundances of SCFAs contributed substantially to the cognitive impairment in preterm rats, which was associated with significant changes in MGBA-related soluble factors.
Topics: Animals; Cognitive Dysfunction; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Premature Birth; Rats
PubMed: 36061856
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.945851 -
Cureus Feb 2023is a commensal bacteria genus of the human urinary tract that rarely precipitates clinical infections. We report the case of an asymptomatic 24-year-old male with a...
is a commensal bacteria genus of the human urinary tract that rarely precipitates clinical infections. We report the case of an asymptomatic 24-year-old male with a medical history of Tourette syndrome and the recent placement of deep brain stimulator leads, which were found to be co-infected with species during hardware implantation. This is the first reported case of a deep brain stimulator infection by , a potentially under-recognized and emerging opportunistic bacteria. We review the previously published cases of extra-genitourinary infections and detail the clinical management of this uncommon pathogen.
PubMed: 36949980
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35133 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2021The effects of banana resistant starch (BRS) on obesity-related metabolic and intestinal flora were investigated in a high-fat diet-induced obesity model. After 6 weeks...
The effects of banana resistant starch (BRS) on obesity-related metabolic and intestinal flora were investigated in a high-fat diet-induced obesity model. After 6 weeks of intervention, the glucolipid metabolism index [blood glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C)], hormone index [leptin (LEP), insulin (INS), ghrelin, adiponectin (ADP), and thyroxine (T4)], and 16S rRNA sequencing analyses were performed for each group to explore the regulating effect of intestinal flora and the mechanism of weight loss in obese rats. The results showed that (1) BRS intervention significantly reduced the levels of GLU, TG, TC, LDL-C, LEP, and INS ( < 0.01) and increased the contents of ghrelin ( < 0.05) and ADP ( < 0.01). (2) BRS could improve the diversity of intestinal flora and regulate the overall structure of intestinal microorganisms, mainly by upregulating the / ratio and the relative abundance of and downregulating the relative abundances of and (at the phylum level). BRS could inhibit the proliferation of , , and and increase the abundances of , , and (at the genus level). (3) Some significant correlations were observed between the gut microbiota and biomarkers. , , and were positively correlated with GLU, TG, TC, LEP, and INS and negatively correlated with ghrelin and ADP. , , and were negatively correlated with GLU, TG, and TC. Conclusion: BRS had promising effects on weight loss, which could be associated with the improvement in host metabolism by regulating intestinal flora.
PubMed: 33585429
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.575724 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... May 2022The study reported here aimed to determine whether correlations can be found between the intestinal segment-related microbiota composition and the different growing...
The study reported here aimed to determine whether correlations can be found between the intestinal segment-related microbiota composition and the different growing intensities of broiler chickens. The bacterial community structures of three intestinal segments (jejunum chymus-JC, jejunum mucosa-JM, caecum chymus-CC) from broiler chickens with low body weight (LBW) and high body weight (HBW) were investigated. Similar to the previous results in most cases, significant differences were found in the bacteriota diversity and composition between the different sampling places. However, fewer body weight (BW)-related differences were detected. In the JM of the HBW birds, the / ratio (B/F) was also higher. At the genus level significant differences were observed between the BW groups in the relative abundance of , mainly in the JC; and , mainly in the JM; and , , and in the CC. These genera and others (e.g., and in the JM; , -, and in the CC) showed a close correlation with BW. The co-occurrence interaction results in the JC revealed a correlation between the genera of (mainly with ) and classes with different patterns in the two BW groups. In the JM of LBW birds, two co-occurring communities were found that were not identifiable in HBW chickens and their members belonged to the families of and . In the frame of the co-occurrence evaluation between the jejunal content and mucosa, the two genera ( and in the JC were found to have a significant positive correlation with other genera of the JM only in LBW chickens.
PubMed: 35625142
DOI: 10.3390/ani12101296 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2023is a Gram-negative bacillus, a member of the family, that had never previously been reported as lethal. Herein, a case of fatal infection caused by in an elderly...
is a Gram-negative bacillus, a member of the family, that had never previously been reported as lethal. Herein, a case of fatal infection caused by in an elderly woman with suspected bladder cancer is reported. The species identification was confirmed through Sanger sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA sequence and compared to published sequences for phylogenetic analysis. Initial antibiotic therapy with ceftriaxone and oxacillin was initiated but had to be switched due to resistance. Cefepime in combination with metronidazole was administered, unfortunately failing to prevent the patient's death. Further studies are needed to explore additional factors influencing clinical outcomes in infections.
PubMed: 37760766
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091470 -
Le Infezioni in Medicina 2016Oligella ureolytica is an emerging bacteria rarely implicated as a human pathogen. It is mostly recovered from urinary and respiratory tract specimens as a commensal... (Review)
Review
Oligella ureolytica is an emerging bacteria rarely implicated as a human pathogen. It is mostly recovered from urinary and respiratory tract specimens as a commensal organism, but very seldom from bloodstream infections. It is rarely reported in the literature, probably due to misidentification of the organism or uncertainty of its pathogenicity.
Topics: Aged; Alcaligenaceae; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aortic Valve Stenosis; Bacteremia; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Penicillanic Acid; Piperacillin; Risk Factors; Tazobactam; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 27031899
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Microbiology Jan 2022Otitis media (OM) is a major disease burden in Australian Aboriginal children, contributing to serious long-term health outcomes. We report a pilot analysis of OM in...
BACKGROUND
Otitis media (OM) is a major disease burden in Australian Aboriginal children, contributing to serious long-term health outcomes. We report a pilot analysis of OM in children attending an outreach ear and hearing clinic in a remote south Australian community over a two-year period. Our study focuses on longitudinal relationships between ear canal microbiota characteristics with nasopharyngeal microbiota, and clinical and treatment variables.
RESULTS
Middle ear health status were assessed in 19 children (aged 3 months to 8 years) presenting in remote western South Australia and medical interventions were recorded. Over the two-year study period, chronic suppurative OM was diagnosed at least once in 7 children (37%), acute OM with perforation in 4 children (21%), OM with effusion in 11 children (58%), while only 1 child had no ear disease. Microbiota analysis of 19 children (51 sets of left and right ear canal swabs and nasopharyngeal swabs) revealed a core group of bacterial taxa that included Corynebacterium, Alloiococcus, Staphylococcus, Haemophilus, Turicella, Streptococcus, and Pseudomonas. Within-subject microbiota similarity (between ears) was significantly greater than inter-subject similarity, regardless of differences in ear disease (p = 0.0006). Longitudinal analysis revealed changes in diagnosis to be associated with more pronounced changes in microbiota characteristics, irrespective of time interval. Ear microbiota characteristics differed significantly according to diagnosis (P (perm) = 0.0001). Diagnoses featuring inflammation with tympanic membrane perforation clustering separately to those in which the tympanic membrane was intact, and characterised by increased Proteobacteria, particularly Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Oligella. While nasopharyngeal microbiota differed significantly in composition to ear microbiota (P (perm) = 0.0001), inter-site similarity was significantly greater in subjects with perforated tympanic membranes, a relationship that was associated with the relative abundance of H. influenzae in ear samples (r = - 0.71, p = 0.0003). Longitudinal changes in ear microbiology reflected changes in clinical signs and treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
Children attending the ear and hearing clinic in a remote Aboriginal community present with a broad spectrum of OM conditions and severities, consistent with other remote Aboriginal communities. Ear microbiota characteristics align with OM diagnosis and change with disease course. Nasopharyngeal microbiota characteristics are consistent with the contribution of acute upper respiratory infection to OM aetiology.
Topics: Australia; Bacteria; Child; Child, Preschool; Ear, Middle; Female; Humans; Infant; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Microbiota; Nasopharynx; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander; Otitis Media; Pilot Projects; Respiratory Tract Infections; Rural Population
PubMed: 35026986
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02436-x -
Journal of Infection in Developing... Jun 2014Oligella species are small, Gram-negative, nonsaccharolytic aerobic rods or coccobacilli that are catalase and oxidase-positive, mostly isolated from the urinary tract... (Review)
Review
Oligella species are small, Gram-negative, nonsaccharolytic aerobic rods or coccobacilli that are catalase and oxidase-positive, mostly isolated from the urinary tract and rarely from wounds, bloodstream infections, septic arthritis, or peritonitis.In this article, we report a case of O.ureolytica-related bloodstream infection in a newborn infant and we review the literature for previously reported cases of Oligella infections.
Topics: Alcaligenaceae; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Developing Countries; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Netilmicin; Turkey
PubMed: 24916881
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.3260