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International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2022Implants are essential therapeutic tools for treating bone fractures and joint replacements. Despite the in-depth study of osseointegration for more than fifty years,... (Review)
Review
Implants are essential therapeutic tools for treating bone fractures and joint replacements. Despite the in-depth study of osseointegration for more than fifty years, poor osseointegration caused by aseptic loosening remains one of the leading causes of late implant failures. Osseointegration is a highly sophisticated and spatiotemporal process in vivo involving the immune response, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis. It has been unraveled that the nervous system plays a pivotal role in skeletal health via manipulating neurotrophins, neuropeptides, and nerve cells. Herein, the research related to nervous system-driven osseointegration was systematically analyzed and reviewed, aiming to demonstrate the prominent role of neuromodulation in osseointegration. Additionally, it is indicated that the implant design considering the role of neuromodulation might be a promising way to prevent aseptic loosening.
Topics: Nervous System; Osseointegration; Osteogenesis; Prostheses and Implants; Titanium
PubMed: 36012155
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168893 -
Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi = Huaxi... Feb 2017The development of clinical implant dentistry was intensively affected by dental implant design improvement and innovation, which brought about new concept, even...
The development of clinical implant dentistry was intensively affected by dental implant design improvement and innovation, which brought about new concept, even milestone-like changes of clinical protocol. The current improvements of dental implant design and their clinical importance could be highlighted as followings: 1) The implant apical design influences the implant preliminary stability in immediate implant. The apical 3-5 mm design of implant makes implant stable in immediate implant, because this part would be screwed into alveolar bone through fresh socket, the other part of implant could not be tightly screwed in the socket because of smaller implant diameter. Implant apical form, screw design, self-taping of apical part would be essential for immediate implant. 2) The enough preliminary stability of implant makes immediate prosthesis possible. When osseointegration does not occur, the implant stability comes from a mechanical anchorage, which depends on implant form, screw thread and self-taping design. 3) Implant neck design may have influence for soft tissue recession in esthetic zone. The implant with large shoulder would not be selected for the esthetic area. The platform design may be more favorable in the area. 4) The connection design between implant and abutment is thought a very important structure in implant long-term stability. Moose taper and "tube in tube" were well documented structure design in 20-year clinical practice in Peking University. 5) In last 15 years, the plenty studies showed the platform design of implant had positive influence in implant marginal bone level. Whatever in single implant restoration or multi-implant prosthesis. 6) The digital technology makes clinical work more precise and high-tech. This would be a trend in implant dentistry. New generation of chair-side digital computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing makes immediate prosthesis without conventional impression possible. 7) New abutment design have changed clinical protocol greatly. The All-on-four concept and Weldone concept benefit both from the abutment innovation, which were large angulated abutment and special welding abutment materials.
Topics: Computer-Aided Design; Dental Implants; Dental Prosthesis Design; Humans; Osseointegration
PubMed: 28326723
DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2017.01.003 -
Biomaterials Dec 2022Osteoimmunology is at full display during endosseous implant osseointegration. Bone formation, maintenance and resorption at the implant surface is a result of... (Review)
Review
Osteoimmunology is at full display during endosseous implant osseointegration. Bone formation, maintenance and resorption at the implant surface is a result of bidirectional and dynamic reciprocal communication between the bone and immune cells that extends beyond the well-defined osteoblast-osteoclast signaling. Implant surface topography informs adherent progenitor and immune cell function and their cross-talk to modulate the process of bone accrual. Integrating titanium surface engineering with the principles of immunology is utilized to harness the power of immune system to improve osseointegration in healthy and diseased microenvironments. This review summarizes current information regarding immune cell-titanium implant surface interactions and places these events in the context of surface-mediated immunomodulation and bone regeneration. A mechanistic approach is directed in demonstrating the central role of osteoimmunology in the process of osseointegration and exploring how regulation of immune cell function at the implant-bone interface may be used in future control of clinical therapies. The process of peri-implant bone loss is also informed by immunomodulation at the implant surface. How surface topography is exploited to prevent osteoclastogenesis is considered herein with respect to peri-implant inflammation, osteoclastic precursor-surface interactions, and the upstream/downstream effects of surface topography on immune and progenitor cell function.
Topics: Osseointegration; Titanium; Surface Properties; Osteogenesis; Immunomodulation
PubMed: 36410109
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121903 -
Nature Communications Jun 2021Peri-implant infection is one of the biggest threats to the success of dental implant. Existing coatings on titanium surfaces exhibit rapid decrease in antibacterial...
Peri-implant infection is one of the biggest threats to the success of dental implant. Existing coatings on titanium surfaces exhibit rapid decrease in antibacterial efficacy, which is difficult to promisingly prevent peri-implant infection. Herein, we report an N-halamine polymeric coating on titanium surface that simultaneously has long-lasting renewable antibacterial efficacy with good stability and biocompatibility. Our coating is powerfully biocidal against both main pathogenic bacteria of peri-implant infection and complex bacteria from peri-implantitis patients. More importantly, its antibacterial efficacy can persist for a long term (e.g., 12~16 weeks) in vitro, in animal model, and even in human oral cavity, which generally covers the whole formation process of osseointegrated interface. Furthermore, after consumption, it can regain its antibacterial ability by facile rechlorination, highlighting a valuable concept of renewable antibacterial coating in dental implant. These findings indicate an appealing application prospect for prevention and treatment of peri-implant infection.
Topics: Amines; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Dental Implants; Drug Stability; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Materials Testing; Osseointegration; Peri-Implantitis; Porosity; Rabbits; Surface Properties; Titanium
PubMed: 34083518
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23069-0 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Research :... Jul 2020Osseointegration (OI) is the direct anchorage of a metal implant into bone, allowing for the connection of an external prosthesis to the skeleton. Osseointegration was... (Review)
Review
Osseointegration (OI) is the direct anchorage of a metal implant into bone, allowing for the connection of an external prosthesis to the skeleton. Osseointegration was first discovered in the 1960s based on the microscopic analysis of titanium implant placed into host bone. New bone was observed to attach directly to the metal surface. Following clinical investigations into dentistry applications, OI was adapted to treat extremity amputations. These bone anchored implants, which penetrate the skin and soft tissues, eliminate many of the challenges of conventional prosthetic sockets, such as poor fit and suspension, skin breakdown, and pain. Osseointegrated implants show promise to improve prosthesis use, pain, and function for amputees. The successful process of transcutaneous metal integration into host bone requires three synergistic systems: the host bone, the metal implant, and the skin-implant interface. All three systems must be optimized for successful incorporation and longevity of the implant. Osseointegration begins during surgical implantation of the metal components through a complex interplay of cellular mechanisms. While implants can vary in design-including the original screw, press fit implants, and compressive osseointegration-they face common challenges to successful integration and maintenance of fixation within the host bone. Overcoming these challenges requires the understanding of the complex interactions between each element of OI. This review outlines (a) the basic components of OI, (b) the science behind both the bone-implant and the skin-implant interfaces, (c) the current challenges of OI, and (d) future opportunities within the field.
Topics: Artificial Limbs; Bone-Implant Interface; Humans; Osseointegration
PubMed: 31876306
DOI: 10.1002/jor.24576 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Jul 2023Osseointegrated implants is a surgical treatment permitting a direct skeletal attachment of an external prosthesis. It is a treatment for healthy transfemoral amputated... (Review)
Review
Osseointegrated implants is a surgical treatment permitting a direct skeletal attachment of an external prosthesis. It is a treatment for healthy transfemoral amputated patients who cannot tolerate or use a socket prosthesis, thereby alleviating related issues with poor fit, skin problems or discomfort. This review provides a summary of the indications and contraindications for surgery, the most common implants and reported outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Amputees; Prosthesis Design; Artificial Limbs; Prosthesis Implantation; Osseointegration; Femur; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37539803
DOI: No ID Found -
Experimental Physiology Mar 2023What is the topic of this review? In this review, we consider the key role of mitochondria in the peri-implant milieu, including the regulation of mitochondrial reactive... (Review)
Review
NEW FINDINGS
What is the topic of this review? In this review, we consider the key role of mitochondria in the peri-implant milieu, including the regulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial metabolism in angiogenesis, the polarization of macrophage immune responses, and bone formation and bone resorption during osseointegration. What advances does it highlight? Mitochondria contribute to the behaviours of peri-implant cell lines based on metabolic and reactive oxygen species signalling modulations, which will contribute to the research field and the development of new treatment strategies for improving implant success.
ABSTRACT
Osseointegration is a dynamic biological process in the local microenvironment adjacent to a bone implant, which is crucial for implant performance and success of the implant surgery. Recently, the role of mitochondria in the peri-implant microenvironment during osseointegration has gained much attention. Mitochondrial regulation has been verified to be essential for cellular events in osseointegration and as a therapeutic target for peri-implant diseases in the peri-implant microenvironment. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of the key role of mitochondria in the peri-implant milieu, including the regulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial metabolism in angiogenesis, the polarization of macrophage immune responses, and bone formation and resorption during osseointegration, which will contribute to the research field and the development of new treatment strategies to improve implant success. In addition, we indicate limitations in our current understanding of the regulation of mitochondria in osseointegration and suggest topics for further study.
Topics: Humans; Reactive Oxygen Species; Bone and Bones; Osteogenesis; Bone Resorption; Osseointegration; Mitochondria
PubMed: 36648334
DOI: 10.1113/EP090988 -
Connective Tissue Research May 2022A healthy musculoskeletal system requires complex functional integration of bone, muscle, cartilage, and connective tissues responsible for bodily support, motion, and... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
A healthy musculoskeletal system requires complex functional integration of bone, muscle, cartilage, and connective tissues responsible for bodily support, motion, and the protection of vital organs. Conditions or injuries to musculoskeeltal tissues can devastate an individual's quality of life. Some conditions that are particularly disabling include severe bone and muscle injuries to the extremities and amputations resulting from unmanageable musculoskeletal conditions or injuries. Monitoring and managing musculoskeletal health is intricate because of the complex mechanobiology of these interconnected tissues.
METHODS
For this article, we reviewed literature on implantable biosensors related to clinical data of the musculoskeletal system, therapeutics for complex bone injuries, and osseointegrated prosthetics as example applications.
RESULTS
As a result, a brief summary of biosensors technologies is provided along with review of noteworthy biosensors and future developments needed to fully realize the translational benefit of biosensors for musculoskeletal health.
CONCLUSIONS
Novel implantable biosensors capable of tracking biophysical parameters in vivo are highly relevant to musculoskeletal health because of their ability to collect clinical data relevant to medical decisions, complex trauma treatment, and the performance of osseointegrated prostheses.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Bone and Bones; Osseointegration; Prostheses and Implants; Quality of Life
PubMed: 35172654
DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2022.2041002 -
Periodontology 2000 Feb 2024Implant dentistry has evolved to the point that standard implant osseointegration is predictable. This is attributed in part to the advancements in material sciences... (Review)
Review
Implant dentistry has evolved to the point that standard implant osseointegration is predictable. This is attributed in part to the advancements in material sciences that have led toward improvements in implant surface technology and characteristics. Nonetheless, there remain several cases where implant therapy fails (specifically at early time points), most commonly attributed to factors affecting bone metabolism. Among these patients, smokers are known to have impaired bone metabolism and thus be subject to higher risks of early implant failure and/or late complications related to the stability of the peri-implant bone and mucosal tissues. Notably, however, emerging data have unveiled other critical factors affecting osseointegration, namely, those related to the metabolism of bone tissues. The aim of this review is to shed light on the effects of implant-related factors, like implant surface or titanium particle release; surgical-related factors, like osseodensification or implanted biomaterials; various drugs, like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, proton pump inhibitors, anti-hypertensives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication, and statins, and host-related factors, like smoking, diet, and metabolic syndrome on bone metabolism, and aseptic peri-implant bone loss. Despite the infectious nature of peri-implant biological complications, these factors must be surveyed for the effective prevention and management of peri-implantitis.
Topics: Humans; Dental Implants; Osseointegration; Alveolar Bone Loss; Peri-Implantitis; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Titanium; Surface Properties; Smoking
PubMed: 37904311
DOI: 10.1111/prd.12532 -
Periodontology 2000 Feb 2024The recognition and importance of immune cells during bone regeneration, including around bone biomaterials, has led to the development of an entire field termed... (Review)
Review
The recognition and importance of immune cells during bone regeneration, including around bone biomaterials, has led to the development of an entire field termed "osteoimmunology," which focuses on the connection and interplay between the skeletal system and immune cells. Most studies have focused on the "osteogenic" capacity of various types of bone biomaterials, and much less focus has been placed on immune cells despite being the first cell type in contact with implantable devices. Thus, the amount of literature generated to date on this topic makes it challenging to extract needed information. This review article serves as a guide highlighting advancements made in the field of osteoimmunology emphasizing the role of the osteoimmunomodulatory properties of biomaterials and their impact on osteoinduction. First, the various immune cell types involved in bone biomaterial integration are discussed, including the prominent role of osteal macrophages (OsteoMacs) during bone regeneration. Thereafter, key biomaterial properties, including topography, wettability, surface charge, and adsorption of cytokines, growth factors, ions, and other bioactive molecules, are discussed in terms of their impact on immune responses. These findings highlight and recognize the importance of the immune system and osteoimmunology, leading to a shift in the traditional models used to understand and evaluate biomaterials for bone regeneration.
Topics: Humans; Biocompatible Materials; Bone Regeneration; Osteogenesis; Macrophages; Bone and Bones; Cytokines; Osseointegration; Bone Substitutes; Animals
PubMed: 37658591
DOI: 10.1111/prd.12519