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Reumatologia Clinica May 2023Salivary gland ultrasound (SGU) provides information about structural gland abnormalities that can be graded and used for primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) diagnosis....
BACKGROUND
Salivary gland ultrasound (SGU) provides information about structural gland abnormalities that can be graded and used for primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) diagnosis. Its potential role as a prognostic marker for detecting patients at high risk of lymphoma and extra-glandular manifestations is still under evaluation. We aim to assess the usefulness of SGU for SS diagnosis in routine clinical practice and its relationship with extra-glandular involvement and lymphoma risk in pSS patients.
METHODS
We designed a retrospective observational single-center study. Data was collected using the electronic health records of patients referred to an ultrasound outpatient clinic for evaluation over a 4-year period. Data extraction included demographics, comorbidities, clinical data, laboratory tests, SGU results, salivary gland (SG) biopsy, and scintigraphy results. Comparisons were made between patients with and without pathological SGU. The external criterion for comparison was the fulfillment of the 2016 ACR/EULAR pSS criteria.
RESULTS
A total of 179 SGU assessments were included from this 4-year period. Twenty-four cases (13.4%) were pathological. The most frequently diagnosed conditions prior to SGU-detected pathologies were pSS (9.7%), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (13.1%), and systemic lupus (4.6%). One hundred and two patients (57%) had no previous diagnosis (sicca syndrome work-up); of these, 47 patients (46.1%) were ANA positive and 25 (24.5%) anti-SSA positive. In this study, the sensitivity and specificity of SGU for SS diagnosis were 48% and 98% respectively, with a positive predictive value of 95%. There were statistically significant relationships between a pathological SGU and the presence of recurrent parotitis (p=.0083), positive anti-SSB antibodies (p=.0083), and a positive sialography (p=.0351).
CONCLUSIONS
SGU shows high global specificity but low sensitivity for pSS diagnosis in routine care. Pathological SGU findings are associated with positive autoantibodies (ANA and anti-SSB) and recurrent parotitis.
Topics: Humans; Parotitis; Retrospective Studies; Salivary Glands; Autoantibodies; Sjogren's Syndrome
PubMed: 37147062
DOI: 10.1016/j.reumae.2022.09.002 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Apr 2015Mumps is an infectious disease caused by the mumps virus. Chinese physicians generally believe that Chinese medicinal herbs are effective in alleviating symptoms and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Mumps is an infectious disease caused by the mumps virus. Chinese physicians generally believe that Chinese medicinal herbs are effective in alleviating symptoms and reducing the duration of mumps. Herbalists tend to develop a treatment plan according to the individual's symptoms.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicinal herbs combined with routine treatments for mumps.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched CENTRAL (2015, Issue 1), MEDLINE (1948 to January week 4, 2015), EMBASE (1974 to February 2015), CINAHL (1981 to February 2015), AMED (1985 to April 2014), the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) (1980 to February 2015), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) (1979 to February 2015), VIP Information (1989 to February 2015), and relevant databases of ongoing trials.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of Chinese medicinal herbs for mumps (with or without complications).
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Two review authors independently evaluated trial quality and conducted data extraction. We contacted the trial authors for missing data regarding participant allocation. Some trials allocated participants according to the participants' admission sequence, making it a pseudo-random allocation. None of the trials concealed participants' allocation or used blinding.
MAIN RESULTS
We did not identify any eligible trials for inclusion. We identified 108 studies that claimed to use random allocation. We excluded 104 studies because the allocation methods the authors had used were not actually randomised. We were unable to contact the trial authors of the remaining four studies. These trials require further evaluation and have been allocated to the 'Studies awaiting classification' section.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
We did not find any RCTs for or against Chinese herbal medicine used in the treatment of mumps. We hope more high-quality RCTs will be conducted in the future.
Topics: Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Humans; Mumps; Phytotherapy
PubMed: 25887348
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008578.pub3 -
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Dec 2024Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) are highly infectious viral diseases affecting young children and have high secondary attack rates. Present MMR vaccines show... (Review)
Review
Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) are highly infectious viral diseases affecting young children and have high secondary attack rates. Present MMR vaccines show consistent seroconversion rates for anti-measles and anti-rubella antibodies with variable responses for anti-mumps antibodies. Most common strains for MMR vaccines, currently available in India, are the Edmonston-Zagreb measles strain, Leningrad Zagreb (L-Z) mumps strain, and the RA 27/3 rubella strain. L-Z strain of mumps virus has been found to be associated with aseptic meningitis by different studies from different parts of the world including India. Recently, a novel freeze-dried MMR vaccine developed by Zydus Lifesciences (Zyvac MMR) contains Edmonston Zagreb measles strain, Hoshino mumps strain, and RA 27/3 rubella strain. The Hoshino strain is WHO approved and was found to induce interferon gamma production. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive appraisal of the data available on the safety and immunogenicity of the novel MMR vaccine.
Topics: Child; Humans; Infant; Child, Preschool; Mumps; Rubella Vaccine; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; Measles; Rubella; Mumps virus; Antibodies, Viral; Measles Vaccine
PubMed: 38236022
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2302685 -
Viruses Sep 2021Mumps virus (MuV) is an important human pathogen that causes parotitis, orchitis, oophoritis, meningitis, encephalitis, and sensorineural hearing loss. Although mumps is... (Review)
Review
Mumps virus (MuV) is an important human pathogen that causes parotitis, orchitis, oophoritis, meningitis, encephalitis, and sensorineural hearing loss. Although mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease, sporadic outbreaks have occurred worldwide, even in highly vaccinated populations. MuV not only causes systemic infection but also has a unique tropism to glandular tissues and the central nervous system. In general, tropism can be defined by multiple factors in the viral life cycle, including its entry, interaction with host factors, and host-cell immune responses. Although the underlying mechanisms of MuV tropism remain to be fully understood, recent studies on virus-host interactions have provided insights into viral pathogenesis. This review was aimed at summarizing the entry process of MuV by focusing on the glycan receptors, particularly the recently identified receptors with a trisaccharide core motif, and their interactions with the viral attachment proteins. Here, we describe the receptor structures, their distribution in the human body, and the recently identified host factors for MuV and analyze their relationship with MuV tropism.
Topics: Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Mumps; Mumps virus; Protein Binding; Receptors, Virus; Viral Proteins; Viral Tropism; Virus Attachment; Virus Internalization
PubMed: 34578327
DOI: 10.3390/v13091746 -
Journal of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck... Aug 2023Juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) is characterized by recurrent episodes of painful parotid swelling in children. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) is characterized by recurrent episodes of painful parotid swelling in children. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the diagnostic and therapeutic effectiveness of sialendoscopy in children affected by JRP.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and the Cochrane Library until April 2022, without language restrictions or specified start date. Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).
RESULTS
Our review included 524 patients and 646 sialendoscopies. The sample sizes of the different studies ranged from 3 to 77 subjects. Most authors performed sialendoscopy under general anesthesia. The mean percentage of recurrences observed was 25.1% (95% confidence intervals) (CI 23.6-26.6). There was a statistically significant relationship between the number of attacks/year and recurrences (p < 0.05). The percentage of recurrences according to the type of irrigation/flushing used ranged from 22.2% to 25.2%, with no significant differences between the use of corticosteroids alone (25.2% of recurrences), corticosteroids plus antibiotics (25% of recurrences) or saline alone (22.2% of recurrences). Sialoendoscopy has proved in all cases to be a valid method for the diagnosis of JRP, but it does not allow a reliable differential diagnosis with other autoimmune parotitis such as Sjögren's syndrome.
CONCLUSION
According to our results, parotid sialoendoscopy was 74.9% effective as a primary treatment in the prevention of recurrent symptoms in JRP. The type of ductal irrigation used did not significantly influence the prognostic outcome.
Topics: Child; Humans; Parotitis; Parotid Gland; Anesthesia, General; Recurrence
PubMed: 37598195
DOI: 10.1186/s40463-023-00658-1 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2016Multifocal fibrosclerosis (MFS), which causes systemic and chronic connective tissue inflammation, has been associated with IgG4 and regarded as an identical entity with...
Multifocal fibrosclerosis (MFS), which causes systemic and chronic connective tissue inflammation, has been associated with IgG4 and regarded as an identical entity with "IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD)". Although a few cases of MFS mimicking IgG4-RD histopathologically, despite the absence of a serum IgG4 elevation and IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration, have been reported, there is, so far, little information regarding such exceptional cases. We herein demonstrate a case of non-IgG4-related MFS presenting with periaortitis and parotiditis, whose histological findings were consistent with IgG4-RD despite the absence of elevated serum and tissue IgG4 levels.
Topics: Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Male; Middle Aged; Parotitis; Retroperitoneal Fibrosis
PubMed: 27580557
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.55.6297 -
Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira... Nov 2016To review studies on sialendoscopy (SE) of the salivary glands in children focusing mainly on the indications, endoscopic findings, and effectiveness of the procedure. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE:
To review studies on sialendoscopy (SE) of the salivary glands in children focusing mainly on the indications, endoscopic findings, and effectiveness of the procedure.
METHOD:
The electronic databases searched were Pubmed, Scielo, and Cochrane. The search was conducted by two researchers independently, following inclusion and exclusion criteria. A third author analyzed sources of conflict. In the first stage they were discarded by reading the articles title that had no relation to the purpose of the study and then evaluated the abstracts of each study. In these two initial phases 37 articles were excluded. Articles not excluded by the selection criteria have been retrieved and assessed in full. Seven articles had their data extracted and were compared.
RESULTS:
The literature search parameters listed allowed the recovery of 44 articles. After applying the exclusion criteria, seven studies were included in this review representing 207 patients undergoing with ages ranging from 1 to 16 years. All studies except one underwent SE under general anesthesia. The juvenile recurrent parotitis was the main clinical diagnosis related with SE procedures (N=152). The number of inflammatory attacks per patient per year was the parameter for indication of SE. The efficacy of the procedure was considered high by all authors ranging between 83 and 93% in larger series evaluated.
CONCLUSION:
Sialendoscopy is a safe and effective procedure for the diagnosis and treatment of recurrent inflammatory diseases of salivary glands in children.
Topics: Child; Endoscopy; Humans; Parotitis; Salivary Gland Calculi
PubMed: 27992022
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.62.08.795 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2015
Topics: Biopsy; Fever; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Parotid Gland; Parotitis; Uveoparotid Fever
PubMed: 26966503
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2015.22.307.7515 -
BMJ Case Reports Dec 2022The COVID-19 mainly affects the respiratory system; however, a variety of atypical manifestations of this disease have been also reported. Herein, we report a case of a...
The COVID-19 mainly affects the respiratory system; however, a variety of atypical manifestations of this disease have been also reported. Herein, we report a case of a man in his late 50s with severe COVID-19 presenting with parotitis and sublingual gland sialadenitis. Six days after admission, swelling in the bilateral preauricular and lower jaw areas developed. CT demonstrated parotid and sublingual gland enlargement with surrounding fat stranding, indicating sialadenitis. This case suggests that, in the present COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 should be included in the differential diagnosis of sialadenitis and prompt isolation should be considered to reduce the spread of infection.
Topics: Male; Humans; Parotitis; Pandemics; Sublingual Gland; COVID-19; Sialadenitis; Parotid Gland; Submandibular Gland
PubMed: 36535731
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-251730 -
Przeglad Epidemiologiczny 2016Vaccination against mumps from 2003 is mandatory in Poland and given as two dose scheme with MMR vaccine (mumps, measles, and rubella). Earlier this vaccination was only...
BACKGROUND
Vaccination against mumps from 2003 is mandatory in Poland and given as two dose scheme with MMR vaccine (mumps, measles, and rubella). Earlier this vaccination was only recommended. Despite observed decline in mumps incidence for over a decade which is a result of conducted vaccinations, mumps is still a common disease among the children.
AIM
To assess epidemiological situation of mumps in Poland in 2014, including vaccination coverage in Polish population, in comparison to previous years.
METHODS
The descriptive analysis was based on data retrieved from routine mandatory surveillance system and published in the annual bulletins “Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland in 2014” and “Vaccinations in Poland in 2014” (1). Mumps cases were classified according to the criteria of surveillance case definition implemented in the European Union (Commission Decision of 28 April 2008 amending Decision 2002/253/EC). National Immunisation Programme for year 2014 was also used.
RESULTS
In total, there were 2 508 mumps cases registered in Poland in 2014. Incidence of mumps was 6.5 per 100,000 and it was higher by 3.1 % in comparison with 2013 and lower by 9.7 % in comparison with median for the years 2008-2012. The highest incidence rate was observed among children aged 4 years (61.3 per 100,000). Incidence in men (7.8 per 100,000) was higher than in women (5.3). In 2014, 31 people were hospitalized due to mumps. Vaccination coverage of children aged 3 years in Poland in 2013 was 97.0% and it was lower by 0.5 % in comparison with year 2013 (97.5 %).
CONCLUSIONS
Systematic execution of mumps vaccination in accordance with the National Immunisation Programme resulted in a significant decrease in the number of registered cases. Due to the high vaccination coverage further decline in the number of cases is expected.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Child; Disease Outbreaks; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Mass Vaccination; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; Mumps; Poland; Registries; Rural Population; Sex Distribution; Urban Population; Young Adult
PubMed: 27779832
DOI: No ID Found