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BMJ Case Reports Nov 2021
Topics: Humans; Meningitis, Viral; Meningoencephalitis; Mumps
PubMed: 34764134
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-247306 -
BMJ Case Reports Feb 2021
Topics: Bell Palsy; Facial Nerve; Facial Paralysis; Humans; Parotitis
PubMed: 33541969
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-241001 -
International Journal of Infectious... Jan 2022By 2017, rubella had been officially eliminated in Australia. This success was attributed to Australia's longstanding national immunization programme and two enhanced...
BACKGROUND
By 2017, rubella had been officially eliminated in Australia. This success was attributed to Australia's longstanding national immunization programme and two enhanced measles immunization activities using measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccines - the Measles Control Campaign (MCC) and the Young Adult MMR Campaign (YAC). Our study describes the impact of these activities on rubella incidence, and its elimination in Australia.
METHODS
Aggregate national serological survey data were assigned to birth cohorts, and mean, median, and age-group estimates calculated and analyzed against MMR immunization coverage estimates (1998-2018) and rubella notifications (1993-2018). Three-year cumulative incidences were calculated by birth cohort.
RESULTS
The serological surveys revealed high and stable levels of rubella immunity among females, but estimates for three male cohorts were lower. Since 2007, MMR immunization coverage among children aged 24-27 months has remained above 90% for both doses. The 3-year cumulative incidence of rubella declined across all birth cohorts following the MCC and the YAC.
DISCUSSION
Using MMR vaccines to address measles immunity gaps had the additional benefit of controlling rubella in Australia. Both the MCC and YAC shifted rubella epidemiology, accelerating the interruption of endemic transmission. Countries should consider combined measles and rubella vaccines for all catch-up activities.
Topics: Antibodies, Viral; Australia; Birth Cohort; Catalysis; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Measles; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; Mumps; Rubella; Young Adult
PubMed: 34749012
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.11.003 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jan 2022Since 2015, the United States has experienced a resurgence in the number of mumps cases and outbreaks in fully vaccinated populations. These outbreaks have occurred...
Since 2015, the United States has experienced a resurgence in the number of mumps cases and outbreaks in fully vaccinated populations. These outbreaks have occurred predominantly in close-quarter settings, such as camps, colleges, and detention centers. Phylogenetic analysis of 758 mumps-positive samples from outbreaks across the United States identified 743 (98%) as genotype G based on sequence analysis of the mumps small hydrophobic (SH) gene. Additionally, SH sequences in the genotype G samples showed almost no sequence diversity, with 675 (91%) of them having identical sequences or only one nucleotide difference. This uniformity of circulating genotype and strain created complications for epidemiologic investigations and necessitated the development of a system for rapidly generating mumps whole-genome sequences for more detailed analysis. In this study, we report a novel and streamlined assay for whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of mumps virus genotype G. The WGS procedure successfully generated 318 high-quality WGS sequences on nucleic acid from genotype G-positive respiratory samples collected during several mumps outbreaks in the United States between 2016 and 2019. Sequencing was performed by a rapid and highly sensitive custom Ion AmpliSeq mumps genotype G panel, with sample preparation performed on an Ion Chef and sequencing on an Ion S5. The WGS data generated by the AmpliSeq panel provided enhanced genomic resolution for epidemiological outbreak investigations. Translation and protein sequence analysis also identified several potentially important epitope changes in the circulating mumps genotype G strains compared to the Jeryl-Lynn strain (JL5) used in vaccines in the United States, which could explain the current level of vaccine escapes.
Topics: Disease Outbreaks; Genotype; Humans; Mumps; Mumps virus; Phylogeny; Whole Genome Sequencing
PubMed: 34757832
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00841-21 -
The Journal of the American Osteopathic... Dec 2017The diagnosis and management of parotitis can be challenging. Patients often present with pain and edema in the neck, jaw, head, and ear due to congestion of the gland....
The diagnosis and management of parotitis can be challenging. Patients often present with pain and edema in the neck, jaw, head, and ear due to congestion of the gland. Parotitis is typically caused by an infection within the parotid gland and surrounding lymph nodes, and the infection can spread to nearby cervical fascial planes and cause major complications if not managed successfully. Specific guidelines for the outpatient management of parotitis are limited, and outpatient treatment failures are common, requiring inpatient therapy with multiple broad-spectrum antibiotics. In the current case, a comprehensive patient-centered approach was used to treat a woman whose overlapping clinical conditions, lifestyle, and work factors led to an infection of the parotid gland.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Female; Humans; Levofloxacin; Manipulation, Osteopathic; Middle Aged; Parotitis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Xerostomia
PubMed: 29181524
DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2017.152 -
Przeglad Epidemiologiczny 2015Vaccination against mumps from 2003 is mandatory in Poland and given as two dose scheme with MMR vaccine (mumps, measles, and rubella). Earlier this vaccination was only...
BACKGROUND
Vaccination against mumps from 2003 is mandatory in Poland and given as two dose scheme with MMR vaccine (mumps, measles, and rubella). Earlier this vaccination was only recommended. Despite observed decline in mumps incidence for over a decade which is a result of conducted vaccinations, mumps is still a common childhood disease.
AIM
To assess epidemiological situation of mumps in Poland in 2013, including vaccination coverage in Polish population, in comparison to previous years.
METHODS
The descriptive analysis was based on data retrieved from routine mandatory surveillance system and published in the annual bulletins "Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland in 2013" and "Vaccinations in Poland in 2013" (Czarkowski MP i in., Warszawa 2013, NIZP-PZH i GIS). Mumps cases were classified according to the criteria of surveillance case definition implemented in the European Union (Commission Decision of 28 April 2008 amending Decision 2002/253/EC). National Immunisation Programme for year 2013 was also used.
RESULTS
In total, there were 2 436 mumps cases registered in Poland in 2013. Incidence of mumps was 6.3 per 100,000 and it was lower by 12.5% in comparison with 2012 and lower by 18.2% in comparison with median for the years 2007-2010. The highest incidence rate was observed among children aged 5 years (54.0 per 100,000). Incidence in men (7.5) was higher than in women (5.2). In 2013, 38 people were hospitalized due to mumps. Vaccination coverage of children aged 3 years in Poland in 2013 was 97.5% and it was lower by 0.4% in comparison with year 2012.
CONCLUSIONS
Systematic execution of mumps vaccination in accordance with the National Immunisation Programme resulted in a significant decrease in the number of registered cases. Due to the high vaccination coverage further decline in the number of cases is expected.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Child; Disease Outbreaks; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Mass Vaccination; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; Mumps; Poland; Registries; Rural Population; Sex Distribution; Urban Population; Young Adult
PubMed: 26233073
DOI: No ID Found -
Transplant Infectious Disease : An... Dec 2022Assessing vaccine serologic status presents opportunities to provide live vaccinations to kidney transplant candidates (KTC). This is especially important given the...
INTRODUCTION
Assessing vaccine serologic status presents opportunities to provide live vaccinations to kidney transplant candidates (KTC). This is especially important given the increased risk of infection while taking lifelong immunosuppression following transplant and the inability to routinely provide live vaccines to patients on immunosuppressive medications. In March 2019, the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Disease Community of Practice (AST-IDCOP) released updated guidelines for vaccination of KTC, which emphasize pretransplant viral serology screening and live vaccine administration prior to transplant.
PRIMARY ENDPOINT
The primary endpoint of this study was to determine adherence to AST-IDCOP guidelines for live measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) and VZV vaccination prior to transplant in KTC non-immune by serology.
METHODS
This retrospective, descriptive study examined serologic status and rates of live vaccination in 672 patients listed for kidney transplant at our center between July 2014 and July 2019. Secondary endpoints included subgroup analysis of adherence to full AST-IDCOP vaccination recommendations and validation of CDC presumed immunity definitions for measles and VZV.
RESULTS
Seventeen patients (2.7%) were nonimmune by serology for VZV, while 182 (27.1%) were nonimmune by serology to MMR. In a subgroup analysis of the seronegative KTC, none received VZV vaccination, and 6% received MMR vaccination prior to transplant or last follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, a large portion of KTC had immunity gaps that were not resolved before transplantation. These findings are limited due to the retrospective, single-center nature of this study and should be confirmed with larger, prospective assessments of serologic status and vaccine administration.
Topics: Humans; Antibodies, Viral; Communicable Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Measles; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; Mumps; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Rubella; Vaccination; Varicella Zoster Virus Infection; Herpes Zoster Vaccine
PubMed: 36263508
DOI: 10.1111/tid.13973 -
Minerva Medica Aug 2023
Topics: Humans; Parotitis; Foreign Bodies; Acute Disease
PubMed: 35332755
DOI: 10.23736/S0026-4806.21.07827-7 -
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Jan 2021Mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease. Because the mumps vaccine can cause aseptic meningitis in rare cases, this vaccine is not routine in Japan. This has led to low... (Review)
Review
Mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease. Because the mumps vaccine can cause aseptic meningitis in rare cases, this vaccine is not routine in Japan. This has led to low vaccine coverage and severe disease burden in Japan. The present review summarizes mumps epidemiology and vaccination and discusses effective future strategies to mitigate the current disease burden of mumps in Japan. Although a recent study reported that mumps vaccine coverage rates are improving in Japan, current coverage rates are far below the optimal rate to suppress the ongoing epidemic, which has caused an average annual financial loss of 85 billion JPY between 2000 and 2016. Recent reports have demonstrated a much lower incidence of vaccine-induced aseptic meningitis in newly developed vaccines, especially when administered at 1 year of age. Cost-effectiveness studies suggest that routinization of the currently distributed domestic vaccine would be highly cost-effective. In addition, questionnaire surveillance data suggest that the majority of the Japanese population accepts the nominal risk of the vaccine when the proper information is provided. Finally, there are some successful programs in Japan that have attained high vaccine coverage rates with financial support from local governments. Taken together, these data suggest that the mumps vaccine should be immediately included in routine vaccines in Japan.
Topics: Humans; Infant; Japan; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; Meningitis, Aseptic; Mumps; Mumps Vaccine; Vaccination
PubMed: 32530735
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1765619 -
MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly... Nov 2022Vaccination is the main means for preventing measles, mumps, and rubella virus infections and their related complications (1,2). Achieving and maintaining high 2-dose...
Vaccination is the main means for preventing measles, mumps, and rubella virus infections and their related complications (1,2). Achieving and maintaining high 2-dose measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination coverage in the United States has led to elimination of endemic measles in 2000, rubella and congenital rubella syndrome in 2004, and a sharp decrease in mumps cases. However, measles and rubella remain endemic in many countries, leading to importations of cases and occasional local transmission within the United States (3). Reported U.S. mumps cases declined >99% from the prevaccine period (4); however, mumps is endemic worldwide, and since 2006, the number of mumps cases and mumps outbreaks has increased in the United States, with wider geographic spread since 2016 (4). Given the risk for importation of measles and rubella and the resurgence of mumps, maintaining high measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination coverage is important. Since 1978, only one MMR vaccine, M-M-R II (Merck and Co., Inc.), has been available in the United States. On June 6, 2022, the Food and Drug Administration approved a second MMR vaccine, PRIORIX (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals), for the prevention of measles, mumps, and rubella in persons aged ≥12 months. The three live attenuated viruses contained in PRIORIX are genetically similar or identical to the corresponding components in M-M-R II (Table) (5-7). On June 23, 2022, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) unanimously recommended PRIORIX as an option to prevent measles, mumps, and rubella according to the existing recommended schedules and for off-label uses (i.e., indications not included in the package insert)* (1,2). ACIP considered PRIORIX to be safe, immunogenic, and noninferior to M-M-R II. Both PRIORIX and M-M-R II are fully interchangeable for all indications for which MMR vaccination is recommended. This report contains ACIP recommendations specific to PRIORIX and supplements the existing ACIP recommendations for MMR use (1,2).
Topics: Humans; Advisory Committees; Measles; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; Mumps; Rubella; United States; Vaccination
PubMed: 36395065
DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7146a1