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Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &... Jul 2018The 200th anniversary of K. F. Graefe's "Rhinoplasty," E. Zeis' naming of the specialty of plastic surgery in 1838, and the continuing discussion on what is plastic... (Review)
Review
The 200th anniversary of K. F. Graefe's "Rhinoplasty," E. Zeis' naming of the specialty of plastic surgery in 1838, and the continuing discussion on what is plastic surgery have prompted this historical-conceptual review with a semantic insight into the meaning of the word "plastic." A literature search has revealed that this term contains dual aspects: artistic and philosophical. The progressive development of these two connotations can be traced from their origin in the ceramics and the myths of ancient Greeks to their metamorphoses in fine arts, science, and philosophy of plasticity of the modern day. Although the names of plastic procedures and the title of the specialty carry both the artistic and philosophical features, the philosophical notion is less evident. This article underlines the importance of etymology in the interpretation of the concept of plastic surgery.
Topics: History, 15th Century; History, 16th Century; History, 17th Century; History, 18th Century; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; History, Ancient; History, Medieval; Humans; Philosophy, Medical; Rhinoplasty; Surgery, Plastic; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 29685841
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2018.03.001 -
Health Care Analysis : HCA : Journal of... Sep 2018This article introduces a Special Issue comprising four papers emerging from the Beauty Demands Network project, and maps key issues in the beauty debate. The...
This article introduces a Special Issue comprising four papers emerging from the Beauty Demands Network project, and maps key issues in the beauty debate. The introduction first discusses the purpose of the Network; to consider the changing demands of beauty across disciplines and beyond academia. It then summarises the findings of the Network workshops, emphasising the complex place of notions of normality, and the different meanings and functions attached to 'normal' in the beauty context. Concerns are raised here about the use of normal to justify and motivate engaging in beauty practices such as cosmetic surgery and 'non-invasive' procedures. Other workshop findings included the recognition of beauty as increasingly a global value rather than a culturally distinct ideal, and the understanding that there is no clear distinction between beauty practices that are considered standard and those that are considered extreme. These themes, especially the concerns around understanding of normal, are reflected in the recommendations made by the Network in its Briefing Paper, which are presented next in this introduction. A further theme picked up by these recommendations is the extent to which individuals who are not traditionally vulnerable may be so in the beauty context. Finally, the introduction highlights the key matters covered in the four papers of the Special Issue: regulatory concerns around cosmetic surgery tourism; the impact of digitally altered images from psychological and philosophical perspectives; the ethics of genetic selection for fair skin; and the attraction and beauty of the contemporary athletic body.
Topics: Beauty; Body Image; Humans; Social Norms; Surgery, Plastic; Women
PubMed: 29987446
DOI: 10.1007/s10728-018-0360-3 -
Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &... Jan 2016The rapid ascent of nanotechnology and regenerative therapeutics as applied to medicine and surgery has seen an exponential rise in the scale of research generated in... (Review)
Review
The rapid ascent of nanotechnology and regenerative therapeutics as applied to medicine and surgery has seen an exponential rise in the scale of research generated in this field. This is evidenced not only by the sheer volume of papers dedicated to nanotechnology but also in a large number of new journals dedicated to nanotechnology and regenerative therapeutics specifically to medicine and surgery. Aspects of nanotechnology that have already brought benefits to these areas include advanced drug delivery platforms, molecular imaging and materials engineering for surgical implants. Particular areas of interest include nerve regeneration, burns and wound care, artificial skin with nanoelectronic sensors and head and neck surgery. This study presents a review of nanotechnology and regenerative therapeutics, with focus on its applications and implications in plastic surgery.
Topics: Burns; Humans; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Surgery, Plastic; Theranostic Nanomedicine; Tissue Engineering
PubMed: 26422652
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2015.08.028 -
Chinese Medical Journal Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Robotic Surgical Procedures; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Surgery, Plastic
PubMed: 37660288
DOI: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000002811 -
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Oct 2021In the wake of the death toll resulting from coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), in addition to the economic turmoil and strain on our health care systems, plastic...
In the wake of the death toll resulting from coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), in addition to the economic turmoil and strain on our health care systems, plastic surgeons are taking a hard look at their role in crisis preparedness and how they can contribute to crisis response policies in their own health care teams. Leaders in the specialty are charged with developing new clinical policies, identifying weaknesses in crisis preparation, and ensuring survival of private practices that face untenable financial challenges. It is critical that plastic surgery builds on the lessons learned over the past tumultuous year to emerge stronger and more prepared for subsequent waves of COVID-19. In addition, this global health crisis presents a timely opportunity to reexamine how plastic surgeons can display effective leadership during times of uncertainty and stress. Some may choose to emulate the traits and policies of leaders who are navigating the COVID-19 crisis effectively. Specifically, the national leaders who offer empathy, transparent communication, and decisive action have maintained high public approval throughout the COVID-19 crisis, while aggressively controlling viral spread. Crises are an inevitable aspect of modern society and medicine. Plastic surgeons can learn from this pandemic to better prepare for future turmoil.
Topics: COVID-19; Communicable Disease Control; Global Health; Humans; Leadership; Pandemics; Patient Care Team; Professional Role; SARS-CoV-2; Surgeons; Surgery, Plastic; Uncertainty
PubMed: 34495904
DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000008357 -
Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &... May 2020
Topics: Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Delivery of Health Care; Humans; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; SARS-CoV-2; Surgery, Plastic
PubMed: 32446443
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.04.002 -
Surgical Innovation Oct 2023Surgical robots have innovated the microsurgical field by providing advantages that improve surgical performance. These robots have been adopted by certain specialties... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Surgical robots have innovated the microsurgical field by providing advantages that improve surgical performance. These robots have been adopted by certain specialties more than others. This study discusses the potential advantages of robotics in plastic and reconstructive surgery.
METHOD
This study is a literature review of articles investigating "robotic microsurgery in plastic and reconstructive surgery" using the PubMed database and the Cochrane Library.
RESULT
A total of nineteen relevant articles were found and 5 articles performed a direct comparison between the robotic and manual approaches. Longer operating times were reported in the robotic groups featuring higher learning curves. Reported advantages to robotic use included higher accuracy, precision and flexibility, elimination of tremor and improvement of ergonomic factors.
CONCLUSION
While the results provide an outlook into the outcome of robotic platforms in this field, current research is limited and further studies are required to provide a fundamental analysis.
Topics: Robotics; Microsurgery; Surgery, Plastic; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Robotic Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 37490999
DOI: 10.1177/15533506231191211 -
Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &... Jan 2023The health research agenda has historically been led by researchers; however, their priorities may not necessarily align with those of patients, caregivers and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The health research agenda has historically been led by researchers; however, their priorities may not necessarily align with those of patients, caregivers and clinicians. Research priority setting initiatives identify and prioritise topics which lack evidence. This is particularly important in plastic surgery, a speciality lacking high-quality evidence to definitively answer many common clinical questions. Research priorities direct research activity and funding, so their selection process must be representative and transparent. This review appraised all priority setting initiatives in plastic surgery using the reporting guideline for priority setting of health research (REPRISE).
METHODS
OVID Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL and the James Lind Alliance (JLA) repository were searched (inception - 11/06/21) using search terms for 'research priority setting' and 'plastic and reconstructive surgery'. Dual-author screening and data extraction were conducted, according to PRISMA.
RESULTS
Of 3899 de-duplicated citations, 17 were included. Most studies were conducted in national (14/17), high-income (16/17) settings. More priority setting initiatives focussed on burns (6/17) and hand surgery (4/17) than other subspecialties. The JLA (5/17) and qualitative (5/17) approaches were most used for prioritisation, followed by Delphi techniques (3/17), other surveys (3/17) and mixed methods (1/17). A minority included patient (8/17) or multi-disciplinary (8/17) stakeholders. Few reported strategies for implementing research priorities (6/17) or measuring their impact (2/17).
CONCLUSIONS
Stakeholders from lower-income countries are underrepresented in priority setting initiatives for plastic surgery, despite the global burden of disease. Future studies should recruit more patient and multidisciplinary stakeholders, to achieve meaningful consensus. Clear implementation strategies are needed to maximise impact.
Topics: Humans; Surgery, Plastic; Surveys and Questionnaires; Caregivers; Research Personnel; Research; Biomedical Research; Health Priorities
PubMed: 36516507
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.10.035 -
Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &... Aug 2023Antibiotic prophylaxis is frequently used in plastic surgery procedures, despite the generally low rates of infection and few guidelines on the practice. The increasing... (Review)
Review
Antibiotic prophylaxis is frequently used in plastic surgery procedures, despite the generally low rates of infection and few guidelines on the practice. The increasing prevalence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics calls for a reduction in unnecessary antibiotic use. The aim of this review was to create an updated summary of the available data on the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing the postoperative infection in clean and clean-contaminated plastic surgery. A systematic literature search was performed on the databases Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus, limited to articles published January 2000 onward. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the primary review, whereas older RCTs and other studies were sought if 2 or fewer relevant RCTs were identified. Overall, 28 relevant RCTs, 2 nonrandomized trials, and 15 cohort studies were identified. Although the number of studies for each type of surgery is limited, the data suggest that prophylactic systemic antibiotic may be unnecessary in noncontaminated facial plastic surgery, reduction mammaplasty, and breast augmentation. In addition, no benefit is apparent from extending the antibiotic prophylaxis over 24 h in rhinoplasty, aerodigestive tract reconstruction, and breast reconstruction. No studies assessing the necessity of antibiotic prophylaxis in abdominoplasty, lipotransfer, soft tissue tumor surgery, or gender affirmation surgery were identified. In conclusion, limited data are available on the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in clean and clean-contaminated plastic surgery. More studies on this topic are needed before strong recommendations can be made on the use of antibiotics in this setting.
Topics: Female; Humans; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Surgery, Plastic; Surgical Wound Infection; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Plastic Surgery Procedures
PubMed: 37285776
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2023.04.071 -
Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... Sep 2018
Topics: Esthetics; Ethics, Medical; Humans; Surgery, Plastic
PubMed: 30180487
DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0607