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Arthritis Research & Therapy Jan 2024Although cervical intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is closely associated with neck pain, its cause remains unclear. In this study, an animal model of cervical disc...
BACKGROUND
Although cervical intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is closely associated with neck pain, its cause remains unclear. In this study, an animal model of cervical disc degeneration and discogenic neck pain induced by a low concentration of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes-L) is investigated to explore the possible mechanisms of cervical discogenic pain.
METHODS
Cervical IVD degeneration and discitis was induced in 8-week-old male rats in C3-C6 IVDs through the anterior intervertebral puncture with intradiscal injections of low and high concentrations of P. acnes (P. acnes-L, n = 20 and P. acnes-H, n = 15) or Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, n = 15), compared to control (injection with PBS, n = 20). The structural changes in the cervical IVD using micro-CT, histological evaluation, and gene expression assays after MRI scans at 2 and 6 weeks post-modeling. The P. acnes-L induced IVD degeneration model was assessed for cervical spine MRI, histological degeneration, pain-like behaviors (guarding behavior and forepaw von Frey), nerve fiber growth in the IVD endplate region, and DRG TNF-α and CGRP.
RESULTS
IVD injection with P. acnes-L induced IVD degeneration with decreased IVD height and MRI T2 values. IVD injection with P. acnes-H and S. aureus both lead to discitis-like changes on T2-weighted MRI, trabecular bone remodeling on micro-CT, and osseous fusion after damage in the cartilage endplate adjacent to the injected IVD. Eventually, rats in the P. acnes-L group exhibited significant nociceptive hypersensitivity, nerve fiber ingrowth was observed in the IVD endplate region, inflammatory activity in the DRG was significantly increased compared to the control group, and the expression of the pain neurotransmitter CGRP was significantly upregulated.
CONCLUSION
P. acnes-L was validated to induce cervical IVD degeneration and discogenic pain phenotype, while P. acnes-H induced was identified to resemble septic discitis comparable to those caused by S. aureus infection.
Topics: Male; Rats; Animals; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration; Propionibacterium acnes; Discitis; Neck Pain; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Staphylococcus aureus; Intervertebral Disc; Disease Models, Animal
PubMed: 38297365
DOI: 10.1186/s13075-024-03269-x -
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering Sep 2023In the past few years, new bacterial-cell-free transcription-translation systems have emerged as potent and quick platforms for protein production as well as for...
In the past few years, new bacterial-cell-free transcription-translation systems have emerged as potent and quick platforms for protein production as well as for prototyping of DNA regulatory elements, genetic circuits, and metabolic pathways. The Gram-positive commensal is one of the most abundant bacteria present in the human skin microbiome. However, it has recently been reported that some phylotypes can be associated with common inflammatory skin conditions, such as acne vulgaris, whereas others seem to play a protective role, acting as possible "skin probiotics". This fact has made become a bacterial model of interest for the cosmetic industry. In the present study we report for the first time the development and optimization of a -based cell-free system (CFS) that is able to produce 85 μg/mL firefly luciferase. We highlight the importance of harvesting the bacterial pellet in mid log phase and maintaining CFS reactions at 30 °C and physiological pH to obtain the optimal yield. Additionally, a promoter library was engineered to compare coupled TX-TL activities, and a temperature biosensor was tested, demonstrating the wide range of applications of this toolkit in the synthetic biology field.
Topics: Humans; Synthetic Biology; Skin; Acne Vulgaris; Propionibacterium acnes
PubMed: 34971313
DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00894 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2019Acne is an inflammatory skin disorder in puberty with symptoms including papules, folliculitis, and nodules. () is the main anaerobic bacteria that cause acne. It is...
Acne is an inflammatory skin disorder in puberty with symptoms including papules, folliculitis, and nodules. () is the main anaerobic bacteria that cause acne. It is known to proliferate within sebum-blocked skin hair follicles. activates monocytic cell immune responses to induce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Although the anti-inflammatory function of the () extract (LNE) on several immunological disorders have been reported, the effect of LNE in -mediated skin inflammation has not yet been explored. In the present study, we examined the ability of the LNE to modulate the -induced inflammatory signaling pathway, and evaluated its mechanism. LNE significantly suppressed the expression of -mediated proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and NLRP3. We also found that LNE inhibited the inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB in response to . In addition, eucalyptol, which is the main constituent of LNE, consistently inhibited -induced inflammatory signaling pathways. Moreover, LNE significantly ameliorated -induced inflammation in a mouse model of acne. We suggest for the first time that LNE hold therapeutic value for the improvement of -induced skin inflammation.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cell Line; Eucalyptol; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Inflammation; Laurus; Mice; Plant Extracts; Propionibacterium acnes
PubMed: 31319552
DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143510 -
Anaerobe Oct 2019Prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are rare but feared complications following joint replacement surgery. Cutibacterium acnes is a skin commensal that is best known for...
Prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are rare but feared complications following joint replacement surgery. Cutibacterium acnes is a skin commensal that is best known for its role in acne vulgaris but can also cause invasive infections such as PJIs. Some phylotypes might be associated with specific diseases, and recently, a plasmid was detected that might harbour important virulence genes. In this study, we characterized C. acnes isolates from 63 patients with PJIs (n = 140 isolates) and from the skin of 56 healthy individuals (n = 56 isolates), using molecular methods to determine the phylotype and investigate the presence of the plasmid. Single-locus sequence typing and a polymerase chain reaction designed to detect the plasmid were performed on all 196 isolates. No statistically significant differences in sequence types were seen between the two study groups indicating that the C. acnes that causes PJIs originates from the patients own normal skin microbiota. Of the 27 patients with multiple tissue samples, 19 displayed the same sequence types among all their samples. Single-locus sequence typing identified different genotypes among consecutive C. acnes isolates from four patients with recurrent infections. The plasmid was found among 17 isolates distributed in both groups, indicating that it might not be a marker for virulence regarding PJIs. Patients presenting multiple sequence types in tissue samples may represent contamination or a true polyclonal infection due to C. acnes.
Topics: Arthritis; Carrier State; Genotype; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Molecular Epidemiology; Molecular Typing; Plasmids; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Propionibacterium acnes; Prosthesis-Related Infections; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 31075312
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.04.011 -
Stem Cell Research & Therapy Jul 2022Acne is a chronic facial disease caused by Propionibacterium acnes, which proliferates within sebum-blocked skin follicles and increases inflammatory cytokine...
BACKGROUND
Acne is a chronic facial disease caused by Propionibacterium acnes, which proliferates within sebum-blocked skin follicles and increases inflammatory cytokine production. Several therapeutic drugs and products have been proposed to treat acne, yet no single treatment that ensures long-term treatment efficacy for all patients is available. Here, we explored the use of facial autologous fat transplant of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) to dramatically reduce acne lesions.
METHODS
THP-1 cells were treated with active P. acnes for 24 h at different multiplicities of infection, and alterations in inflammatory factors were detected. To study the effect of THP-1 on inflammasome-related proteins, we first co-cultured ADSCs with THP-1 cells treated with P. acnes and evaluated the levels of these proteins in the supernatant. Further, an acne mouse model injected with ADSCs was used to assess inflammatory changes.
RESULTS
Propionibacterium acnes-mediated stimulation of THP-1 cells had a direct correlation with the expression of active caspase-1 and interleukin (IL)-1β in an infection-dependent manner. ADSCs significantly reduced the production of IL-1β induced by P. acnes stimulation through the reactive oxygen species (ROS)/Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3)/caspase-1 pathway. The results showed that ADSCs inhibit the skin inflammation induced by P. acnes by blocking the NLRP3 inflammasome via reducing the secretion of IL-1β in vivo.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that ADSCs can alter IL-1β secretion by restricting the production of mitochondria ROS, thereby inhibiting the NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway in P. acnes-induced inflammatory responses. This study indicates that anti-acne therapy can potentially be developed by targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Topics: Animals; Caspase 1; Inflammasomes; Inflammation; Interleukin-1beta; Mice; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Propionibacterium acnes; Reactive Oxygen Species; Stem Cells
PubMed: 35871079
DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03007-7 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2022Acne vulgaris is the most common disease of the pilosebaceous unit. The pathogenesis of this disease is complex, involving increased sebum production and perifollicular...
Acne vulgaris is the most common disease of the pilosebaceous unit. The pathogenesis of this disease is complex, involving increased sebum production and perifollicular inflammation. Understanding the factors that regulate sebum production is important in identifying novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of acne. Bee Venom (BV) and melittin have multiple effects including antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities in various cell types. However, the anti-lipogenic mechanisms of BV and melittin have not been elucidated. We investigated the effects of BV and melittin in models of Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) or ()-induced lipogenic skin disease. or IGF-1 increased the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), transcription factors that regulate numerous genes involved in lipid biosynthesis through the protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/SREBP signaling pathway. In this study using a or IGF-1 stimulated lipogenic disease model, BV and melittin inhibited the increased expression of lipogenic and pro-inflammatory factor through the blockade of the Akt/mTOR/SREBP signaling pathway. This study suggests for the first time that BV and melittin could be developed as potential natural anti-acne agents with anti-lipogenesis, anti-inflammatory, and anti- activity.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bee Venoms; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Melitten; Propionibacterium acnes; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Signal Transduction; Sirolimus; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
PubMed: 35328573
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063152 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2022Acne vulgaris is a common skin disease mainly caused by the Gram-positive pathogenic bacterium, . This bacterium stimulates the inflammation process in human sebaceous...
Acne vulgaris is a common skin disease mainly caused by the Gram-positive pathogenic bacterium, . This bacterium stimulates the inflammation process in human sebaceous glands. The giant African snail () is an alien species that rapidly reproduces and seriously damages agricultural products in Thailand. There were several research reports on the medical and pharmaceutical benefits of these snail mucus peptides and proteins. This study aimed to in silico predict multifunctional bioactive peptides from mucus peptidome using bioinformatic tools for the determination of antimicrobial (iAMPpred), anti-biofilm (dPABBs), cytotoxic (ToxinPred) and cell-membrane-penetrating (CPPpred) peptides. Three candidate peptides with the highest predictive score were selected and re-designed/modified to improve the required activities. Structural and physicochemical properties of six anti- (APA) peptide candidates were performed using the PEP-FOLD3 program and the four previous tools. All candidates had a random coiled structure and were named APAP-1 ori, APAP-2 ori, APAP-3 ori, APAP-1 mod, APAP-2 mod, and APAP-3 mod. To validate the APA activity, these peptide candidates were synthesized and tested against six isolates of . The modified APA peptides showed high APA activity on three isolates. Therefore, our biomimetic mucus peptides could be useful for preventing acne vulgaris and further examined on other activities important to medical and pharmaceutical applications.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Acne Vulgaris; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Mucus; Peptides; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Propionibacterium acnes; Snails
PubMed: 35408688
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072290 -
Medical Hypotheses Jan 2020Acne is a disease unique to humans and is associated with sebaceous glands that are found at high density on the scalp, forehead and face. Despite being a near universal...
Acne is a disease unique to humans and is associated with sebaceous glands that are found at high density on the scalp, forehead and face. Despite being a near universal problem in adolescence, the reason why such troublesome sebaceous glands exist at all is not well understood. Some interesting theories have been postulated including roles for skin maintenance, immunological function and perhaps even pheromones, but pre-pubertal skin which has sebaceous glands that are largely inactive, is healthy. Dystocia, obstructed labour, is unique to humans and no other animal has as much trouble giving birth. This is thought to reflect the relatively large human foetal head and proportionally small maternal pelvis. Noting the high density of sebaceous glands on the face, chest and back; these are exactly the same structures that pose the greatest obstruction during childbirth. Sebaceous glands develop after the fourth month of gestation and are large and well-developed at birth. Sebum production is also relatively high at birth. Having extra lubrication at these sites would help make the baby more slippery for birth conferring a selective advantage to successful delivery, as does the presence of the vernix caseosa, a white creamy substance, unique to humans that coats new-born infants. It is proposed that the sebaceous glands that cause acne are present on the face and forehead as they confer a selective advantage by 'lubricating' the widest parts of the new born baby to ease the passage of childbirth. Later in life, sebaceous glands may be inappropriately and pathologically primed, driven by a combination of hormones, diet and lifestyle to create acne.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Androgens; Biofilms; Diet; Dystocia; Female; Hair Follicle; Head; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Inflammation; Models, Biological; Organ Size; Parturition; Pregnancy; Propionibacterium acnes; Scalp; Sebaceous Glands; Sebum; Selection, Genetic; Species Specificity; Vernix Caseosa
PubMed: 31622924
DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109412 -
International Journal of Surgery... 2022is a gram-positive anaerobe that is found on the dermis and epidermis of the shoulder and is the most commonly identifiable cause of periprosthetic shoulder joint...
INTRODUCTION
is a gram-positive anaerobe that is found on the dermis and epidermis of the shoulder and is the most commonly identifiable cause of periprosthetic shoulder joint infection. Various topical strategies have been investigated to reduce the prevalence of , with several demonstrating efficacy in reducing the positive culture. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to review the literature to assess the effectiveness of topical preparations in reducing the prevalence of in shoulder surgery.
METHODS
The study protocol was designed and registered prospectively on PROSPERO (International prospective register for systematic reviews). Databases used for the literature search will include MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and The Cochrane Library. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the use of any topical preparation against placebo, in all types of shoulder surgery, will be included. Our primary outcome is the number of colony forming units of P acnes. Secondary outcomes will include adverse events such as skin irritation, wound dehiscence, and the incidence of revision surgery due to infection. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0 and Jadad score will be used to assess the quality of methodology of the studies. Statistical analysis will be used to assess inconsistency and bias across included studies. Comparable outcome data will be pooled and analysed quantitatively or qualitatively as appropriate.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION
No ethical clearances required for this study. This systematic review and meta-analysis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
HIGHLIGHTS
Various topical strategies have been investigated to reduce the prevalence of P acnes, the most common identifiable cause of periprosthetic shoulder joint infection, with several demonstrating efficacy in reducing the positive culture.This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the effectiveness of topical preparations in reducing the prevalence of P acnes in shoulder surgery.Our primary outcome is the number of colony forming units of P acnes.
REGISTRATION
PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022310312.
PubMed: 35794885
DOI: 10.29337/ijsp.174 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Nov 2016The presence of opportunistic pathogens such as Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) may contribute to the endodontic pathology. The presence of P. acnes may be influenced...
OBJECTIVES
The presence of opportunistic pathogens such as Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) may contribute to the endodontic pathology. The presence of P. acnes may be influenced by different endodontic conditions. The aims of the study were firstly, to identify P. acnes within the whole cultivable microbiota of primary endodontic infections, to investigate which P. acnes phylotypes predominate in such infections and secondly to determine if the presence of an "open" communication (e.g. a sinus) can be associated with the isolation of P. acnes from the root canal.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The predominant cultivable microbiota of 15 primary endodontic lesions (7 without communication with the oral environment and 8 with an open communication) were identified using partial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequence analysis. The identification of the organism was determined by interrogating the Human Oral Microbiome Database. The P. acnes isolates were typed on the basis of the recA gene sequence comparison. A neighbor-joining tree was constructed using MEGA 4.1 with the inclusion of known recA sequences.
RESULTS
There was no difference in the number of species identified from lesions without communication (5.86 ± 3.7) and those with communication (5.37 ± 3.6) (P > 0.05). PCR-based 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed P. acnes as the most prevalent isolate recovered from lesions with communication. recA gene sequencing revealed two phylogenetic lineages present in lesion with communication, with mainly type I (further split into type IA and type IB) and type II.
CONCLUSIONS
The presence of P. acnes as opportunistic pathogens has been confirmed and may sustain the traits observed in specific clinical presentations.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Clinical management of open lesions may require further disinfection to eliminate opportunistic bacteria.
Topics: Abscess; Adolescent; Adult; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Female; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Microbiota; Opportunistic Infections; Oral Fistula; Propionibacterium acnes; Pulpitis
PubMed: 26856712
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1739-x