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Journal of the American Academy of... Jul 2022The clinical significance and treatment recommendations for an unexpected positive Cutibacterium acnes (C acnes) culture remain unclear. The purpose of our study was to...
INTRODUCTION
The clinical significance and treatment recommendations for an unexpected positive Cutibacterium acnes (C acnes) culture remain unclear. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the clinical effect of a C acnes positive culture in patients undergoing open orthopaedic surgery.
METHODS
Patients with a minimum of one positive C acnes intraoperative culture were retrospectively reviewed over a 7-year period. True C acnes infection was defined as culture isolation from ≥1 specimens in the presence of clinical or laboratory indicators of infection.
RESULTS
Forty-eight patients had a positive intraoperative C acnes culture. 4.2% had a C acnes monoinfection, and 12.5% of the patients had a coinfection. The remainder was classified as indeterminate. Significant differences were identified between the indeterminate and true C acnes infection groups, specifically in patients with surgery history at the surgical site (P = 0.04), additional antibiotic therapy before surgery (P < 0 .001), and postoperative clinical signs of infection (P < 0 .001).
DISCUSSION
Suspicion for true C acnes infection should be raised in patients with surgery site history, antibiotic therapy before surgery, and clinical infectious signs. The indeterminate unexpected positive culture patients had a low risk of developing a true clinical infection that required antibiotic therapy.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Orthopedic Procedures; Propionibacterium acnes; Retrospective Studies; Shoulder Joint
PubMed: 35797606
DOI: 10.5435/JAAOSGlobal-D-22-00010 -
Nagoya Journal of Medical Science Feb 2021In recent years, has been reported to affect postoperative outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the detection rate and clinical features of infection...
In recent years, has been reported to affect postoperative outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the detection rate and clinical features of infection after open shoulder surgery. Fifty-nine patients (33 males and 26 females; mean age, 69.1 years) were included. Samples were collected from a skin swab at the incision site prior to skin preparation. Further samples were collected from synovial swabs at the glenohumeral joint immediately after incision and before incision closure. Samples with -positive skin swab cultures were defined as Group A, and those with negative cultures were defined as Group N. Age, sex, presence of diabetes mellitus, operation time, presence of deep infection after surgery, and rate of positive synovial swab cultures were compared between groups. There were 27 patients in Group A (mean age 69.1±13.3 [SD], 21 males and 6 females) and 32 patients in Group N (mean age 69.1±11.0 [SD], 12 males and 20 females). No significant difference in the presence of diabetes mellitus and operation time were found between groups. From the glenohumeral joint immediately after incision, was detected in 22.2% and 0% of patients in Group A and Group N, respectively. For the glenohumeral joint before incision closure, was detected in 22.2% and 0% of patients in Group A and Group N, respectively, demonstrating a significantly higher rate in Group A. Our findings suggest that the route of infection following open shoulder surgery is via contamination.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Shoulder; Female; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Propionibacterium acnes; Rotator Cuff Injuries; Shoulder; Shoulder Joint; Skin; Synovial Membrane
PubMed: 33727746
DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.83.1.151 -
BMC Pulmonary Medicine Jul 2015Propionibacterium acnes was found in lungs and lymph nodes of patients with sarcoidosis and may induce hypersensitivity type granuloma formation. Data regarding the...
BACKGROUND
Propionibacterium acnes was found in lungs and lymph nodes of patients with sarcoidosis and may induce hypersensitivity type granuloma formation. Data regarding the immune response to P. acnes of European sarcoid patients are scarce.
METHODS
We assessed the total IgG and IgA amount and specific antibodies to P. acnes and to Staphylococcus aureus, serving as a control, in BAL fluid of 64 patients with sarcoidosis and of 21 healthy volunteers. In a subcohort of sarcoid patients and controls, TNF-α and GM-CSF production of BAL cells stimulated with heat-killed P. acnes were measured.
RESULTS
In sarcoid patients, the total IgG and IgA levels in BAL fluid were significantly elevated compared to healthy volunteers. IgG and IgA titres against P. acnes and S. aureus were increased in sarcoid patients, yet based on the total amount of antibodies, only antibodies directed against P. acnes were relatively and significantly increased. Furthermore, BAL cells of sarcoid patients produced significantly more TNF-α and GM-CSF upon stimulation with heat-killed P. acnes compared to controls.
CONCLUSIONS
Patients with sarcoidosis had elevated levels of specific antibodies against P. acnes which suggest contact with this bacterium in the past. Furthermore, BAL cells of sarcoid patients produced inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and GM-CSF) upon stimulation with P. acnes indicating potential involvement of this pathogen in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis in some patients.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antigens, Bacterial; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Bronchoscopy; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Immunoglobulins; Male; Middle Aged; Propionibacterium acnes; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary
PubMed: 26204953
DOI: 10.1186/s12890-015-0070-7 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2024Acne vulgaris is a type of chronic skin disorder caused by Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes). Neutrophil extrinsic traps (NETs) play key role in many types of...
Acne vulgaris is a type of chronic skin disorder caused by Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes). Neutrophil extrinsic traps (NETs) play key role in many types of inflammatory skin diseases. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) was reported modulate immune responses and neutrophil activity. Here, we explored the potential role of ADSCs and the potential mechanism associated with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in relieving acne vulgaris. In the P. acnes-infected ear skin model, histological staining was used to evaluate the inflammatory infiltration and NET formation in control, P. acnes, and P. acnes + ADSCs groups. Besides, western blot was used to detect the expression levels of cit-H3, MPO, and Nrf2 in ear tissue. In vitro, the immunofluorescence staining of MPO and cit-H3, and SYTOX green staining were performed to measure the NET formation. CCK-8 assay, EdU staining, and wound healing assay were used to detect the proliferation and migration abilities of keratinocytes. ELISA assay was utilized to detect the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. In P. acnes-infected ear skin, ADSC treatment significantly attenuated inflammation and NET formation via activating Nrf2 signaling pathway. In vitro, the conditioned medium of ADSCs reduced the formation of P. acne-induced NETs. Besides, ADSCs could inhibit that the NETs efficiently promoted the proliferation, migration, and inflammatory cytokine secretion of keratinocytes. Our study suggested that ADSCs could attenuate P. acne-related inflammation by inhibiting NET formation. This study provides a novel therapeutic perspective of ADSCs in combating acne vulgaris.
Topics: Humans; Extracellular Traps; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Acne Vulgaris; Inflammation; Stem Cells; Propionibacterium acnes
PubMed: 38233540
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51931-w -
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology Jan 2015Propionibacterium acnes is a Gram-positive commensal bacterium thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. Although the ability of P. acnes in the...
Propionibacterium acnes is a Gram-positive commensal bacterium thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. Although the ability of P. acnes in the initiation of pro-inflammatory responses is well documented, little is known about adaptive immune responses to this bacterium. The observation that infiltrating immune cells consist mainly of CD4(+) T cells in the perifollicular space of early acne lesions suggests that helper T cells may be involved in immune responses caused by the intra-follicular colonization of P. acnes. A recent report showing that P. acnes can induce IL-17 production by T cells suggests that acne might be a T helper type 17 (Th17)-mediated disease. In line with this, we show in this work that, in addition to IL-17A, both Th1 and Th17 effector cytokines, transcription factors, and chemokine receptors are strongly upregulated in acne lesions. Furthermore, we found that, in addition to Th17, P. acnes can promote mixed Th17/Th1 responses by inducing the concomitant secretion of IL-17A and IFN-γ from specific CD4(+) T cells in vitro. Finally, we show that both P. acnes-specific Th17 and Th17/Th1 cells can be found in the peripheral blood of patients suffering from acne and, at lower frequencies, in healthy individuals. We therefore identified P. acnes-responding Th17/Th1 cells as, to our knowledge, a previously unreported CD4(+) subpopulation involved in inflammatory acne.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adult; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-12 Subunit p35; Interleukin-17; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-23; Male; Monocytes; Propionibacterium acnes; Th1 Cells; Th17 Cells; Young Adult
PubMed: 25010142
DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.290 -
The Science of the Total Environment Feb 2022Capitella teleta, a marine polychaete that feeds on a refractory diet consisting of sediment, was shown to contain unique gut microbiota comprised of microbial...
Capitella teleta, a marine polychaete that feeds on a refractory diet consisting of sediment, was shown to contain unique gut microbiota comprised of microbial functional groups involved in fermentation. Results of our previous studies showed that C. teleta's core gut microbiota were dominated by propionibacteria, and that these bacteria were more abundant in worms than in sediment and feces. In order to test the hypothesis that the worm nutritionally benefits from its gut microbiota, we identified, and genetically and biochemically characterized Cutibacterium acnes strains (formerly Propionibacterium acnes) that were isolated from the gut of C. teleta. Here we show that 13 worm-isolated Cutibacterium acnes strains primarily belonged to phylotype group IB, likely as a clonal population. We also provide evidence that all tested strains produced propionate and vitamin B, which are essential host-requiring microbial metabolites. The presence of C. acnes in C. teleta was not unique to our worm culture and was also found in those obtained from geographically distant laboratories located in the U.S. and Europe. Moreover, populations of worm gut-associated C. acnes increased following antibiotic treatment. Collectively, results of this study demonstrated that C. acnes is a member of the worm's core functional microbiota and is likely selectively favored by the physiology and chemistry of the host gut environment. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of C. acnes in the C. teleta gut. Our data strongly suggest that C. acnes, a bacterium previously studied as an opportunistic pathogen, can likely act as a symbiont in C. teleta providing the host essential nutrients for survival, growth, and reproduction.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Microbiota; Polychaeta; Propionibacterium acnes
PubMed: 34688749
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151127 -
Assessment of Chitosan-Based Hydrogel and Photodynamic Inactivation against Propionibacterium acnes.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2018Chitosan (CH) is a biopolymer that exhibits a number of interesting properties such as anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity and is also a promising platform for...
Chitosan (CH) is a biopolymer that exhibits a number of interesting properties such as anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity and is also a promising platform for the incorporation of photosensitizing agents. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial activity of chitosan hydrogel formulation alone and in combination with the methylene blue (MB) associated with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) against planktonic and biofilm phase of . Suspensions were sensitized with 12.5, 25.0, 37.5, 50.0 μg/mL of MB for 10 min and biofilms to 75, 100 and 150 μg/mL for 30 min then exposed to red light (660 nm) at 90 J/cm² and 150 J/cm² respectively. After treatments, survival fractions were calculated by counting the number of colony-forming units. The lethal effect of aPDT associated with CH hydrogel in planktonic phase was achieved with 12.5 µg/mL MB and 1.9 log biofilm reduction using 75 µg/mL MB. Rheological studies showed that formulations exhibited pseudoplastic non-Newtonian behavior without thixotropy. Bioadhesion test evidenced that the formulations are highly adhesive to skin and the incorporation of MB did not influence the bioadhesive force of the formulations.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Biofilms; Chitosan; Humans; Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; Methylene Blue; Photochemotherapy; Propionibacterium acnes; Rheology
PubMed: 29470387
DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020473 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2022Bacillus circulans (B. circulans) is widely used as an electrogenic bacterium in microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology. This study evaluated whether B. circulans can...
Bacillus circulans (B. circulans) is widely used as an electrogenic bacterium in microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology. This study evaluated whether B. circulans can ferment glucose to generate electricity and mitigate the effects of human skin pathogens. The electricity production of B. circulans was examined by measuring the voltage difference and verified using a ferrozine assay in vitro. To investigate the fermentation effects of B. circulans on inhibition of human skin pathogens, Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) was injected intradermally into mice ears to induce an inflammatory response. The results revealed that the glucose-B. circulans co-culture enhanced electricity production and significantly supressed C. acnes growth. The addition of roseoflavin to inhibit flavin production considerably reduced the electrical energy generated by B. circulans through metabolism and, in vivo test, recovered C. acnes count and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) levels. This suggests that B. circulans can generate electrons that affect the growth of C. acnes through flavin-mediated electron transfer and alleviate the resultant inflammatory response. Our findings demonstrate that probiotics separated from natural substances and antimicrobial methods of generating electrical energy through carbon source fermentation can help in the treatment of bacterial infections.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Humans; Electrons; Honey; Acne Vulgaris; Propionibacterium acnes; Probiotics; Flavins; Glucose
PubMed: 36357775
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23848-9 -
International Journal of Spine Surgery Apr 2019Low back pain is an important, worldwide clinical problem from which human populations are suffering. It has been suggested that is associated with low back pain. The...
BACKGROUND
Low back pain is an important, worldwide clinical problem from which human populations are suffering. It has been suggested that is associated with low back pain. The objective of this clinical study is to evaluate the infection in the disc material and antibiotic susceptibility in patients with disc herniation.
METHODS
A total of 120 patients with disc herniation surgery were enrolled in the study. The samples were excited during discectomy and then cultured in both anaerobic and aerobic incubations. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was performed for determination of antibiotic susceptibility.
RESULTS
Of 120 samples, 60 (50%) samples were positive for microorganisms. Disc herniation was at the level of L4-L5 in 63 cases and L5-S1 in 57 cases.
CONCLUSIONS
According to the results and presence of in more than 35% of the cultured samples, the presence of in lumbar disc herniation is a suspected element leading to this condition. After analysis of the antibiotics, the lowest MIC value was identified for amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, rifampicin, tetracycline, vancomycin; the moderate MIC value was for fusidic acid; and the highest MIC value was for gentamicin and trimethoprim.
PubMed: 31131213
DOI: 10.14444/6019 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022Biogeography (body site) is known to be one of the main factors influencing the composition of the skin microbial community. However, site-associated microbial...
Biogeography (body site) is known to be one of the main factors influencing the composition of the skin microbial community. However, site-associated microbial variability at a fine-scale level was not well-characterized since there was a lack of high-resolution recognition of facial microbiota across kingdoms by shotgun metagenomic sequencing. To investigate the explicit microbial variance in the human face, 822 shotgun metagenomic sequencing data from Han Chinese recently published by our group, in combination with 97 North American samples from NIH Human Microbiome Project (HMP), were reassessed. Metagenomic profiling of bacteria, fungi, and bacteriophages, as well as enriched function modules from three facial sites (forehead, cheek, and the back of the nose), was analyzed. The results revealed that skin microbial features were more alike in the forehead and cheek while varied from the back of the nose in terms of taxonomy and functionality. Analysis based on biogeographic theories suggested that neutral drift with niche selection from the host could possibly give rise to the variations. Of note, the abundance of porphyrin-producing species, i.e., , , , and , was all the highest in the back of the nose compared with the forehead/cheek, which was consistent with the highest porphyrin level on the nose in our population. Sequentially, the site-associated microbiome variance was confirmed in American populations; however, it was not entirely consistent. Furthermore, our data revealed correlation patterns between bacteriophages with genus at different facial sites in both populations; however, exhibited a distinct correlation with bacteriophages in Americans/Chinese. Taken together, in this study, we explored the fine-scale facial site-associated changes in the skin microbiome and provided insight into the ecological processes underlying facial microbial variations.
PubMed: 35966676
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.933189