-
A Case of Successfully Treated Roseomonas mucosa-induced Peritonitis Diagnosed by Mass Spectrometry.Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Jan 2024Roseomonas mucosa is difficult to identify using routine analytical techniques. We herein report a case of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis caused by R....
Roseomonas mucosa is difficult to identify using routine analytical techniques. We herein report a case of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis caused by R. mucosa identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). A 70-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with PD-related peritonitis. Blood agar medium of dialysate culture derived colony pale pink in color, and the organism was identified as R. mucosa using MALDI-TOF MS. She was successfully treated with ciprofloxacin and meropenem without catheter removal. To our knowledge, this is the first case of R. mucosa peritonitis in which technique failure has been avoided.
PubMed: 38220190
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2998-23 -
Case Reports in Nephrology 2021species, a rare Gram-negative microorganism, has seldom been reported to cause peritonitis in end-stage renal disease patients on peritoneal dialysis. Only seven cases...
species, a rare Gram-negative microorganism, has seldom been reported to cause peritonitis in end-stage renal disease patients on peritoneal dialysis. Only seven cases of peritonitis by this rare microorganism have been reported worldwide. Treatment options can be challenging if not detected early and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality along with the switching of the dialysis modality to hemodialysis which is highly undesirable. Our patient is a 65-year-old Caucasian female who needed to be changed to emergency hemodialysis due to inability to perform peritoneal dialysis from suspected peritonitis and was subsequently discovered to have peritonitis from . She recovered with a prolonged antibiotics course and returned to peritoneal dialysis in 3 months following her treatment completion. Prompt diagnosis and prolonged antibiotics are a cornerstone in the management of this rare microorganism to prevent mortality and morbidity from peritonitis.
PubMed: 34760324
DOI: 10.1155/2021/1979332 -
IDCases 2018species is rarely found to be pathogenic to humans and there are few clinical cases that have been described in the literature. We report a case of bacteremia that...
species is rarely found to be pathogenic to humans and there are few clinical cases that have been described in the literature. We report a case of bacteremia that involved a 9-year-old Japanese boy who was in a condition of febrile neutropenia caused by chemotherapy for cerebellar medulloblastoma. Conventional phenotyping failed to identify the organism; however, genetic analysis using 16S rDNA sequencing confirmed the pathogen to be . The patient recovered following treatment by meropenem without any complications. A literature review of pediatric cases of bacteremia identified 12 other documented cases, and these revealed that a common clinical situation for the infection is an immunocompromised state with malignancy and/or an indwelling intravenous catheter. Because of the low number of cases, the overall picture of bacteremia in children remains to be elucidated; however, the prognosis of the infection appears to be satisfactory.
PubMed: 30479963
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2018.e00469 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Nov 2023is associated with the normal skin microflora. Here, we present sequence assemblies from isolates obtained from the skin lesions of three atopic dermatitis patients.
is associated with the normal skin microflora. Here, we present sequence assemblies from isolates obtained from the skin lesions of three atopic dermatitis patients.
PubMed: 37847010
DOI: 10.1128/MRA.00521-23 -
Access Microbiology Mar 2021Both bacterial and aseptic meningitis can complicate neurosurgery, but they are often difficult to distinguish clinically or by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. We...
Both bacterial and aseptic meningitis can complicate neurosurgery, but they are often difficult to distinguish clinically or by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. We present an adolescent with subacute meningitis after neurosurgery, eventually diagnosed with meningitis caused by via 16S rRNA gene sequencing after two negative CSF cultures. He was treated successfully with intravenous meropenem with full recovery. This case shows that distinguishing bacterial from aseptic meningitis is important to allow directed antibiotic therapy. We recommend considering bacterial meningitis in the differential diagnosis of aseptic meningitis complicating neurosurgery, and to perform molecular diagnostics such as bacterial sequencing if the suspicion of bacterial meningitis is high.
PubMed: 34151165
DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000213 -
JCI Insight May 2018The underlying pathology of atopic dermatitis (AD) includes impaired skin barrier function, susceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus skin infection, immune dysregulation,...
The underlying pathology of atopic dermatitis (AD) includes impaired skin barrier function, susceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus skin infection, immune dysregulation, and cutaneous dysbiosis. Our recent investigation into the potential role of Gram-negative skin bacteria in AD revealed that isolates of one particular commensal, Roseomonas mucosa, collected from healthy volunteers (HVs) improved outcomes in mouse and cell culture models of AD. In contrast, isolates of R. mucosa from patients with AD worsened outcomes in these models. These preclinical results suggested that interventions targeting the microbiome could provide therapeutic benefit for patients with AD. As a first test of this hypothesis in humans, 10 adult and 5 pediatric patients were enrolled in an open-label phase I/II safety and activity trial (the Beginning Assessment of Cutaneous Treatment Efficacy for Roseomonas in Atopic Dermatitis trial; BACTERiAD I/II). Treatment with R. mucosa was associated with significant decreases in measures of disease severity, topical steroid requirement, and S. aureus burden. There were no adverse events or treatment complications. We additionally evaluated differentiating bacterial metabolites and topical exposures that may contribute to the skin dysbiosis associated with AD and/or influence future microbiome-based treatments. These early results support continued evaluation of R. mucosa therapy with a placebo-controlled trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Biological Therapy; Child; Dermatitis, Atopic; Dysbiosis; Female; Humans; Male; Methylobacteriaceae; Mice; Microbiota; Severity of Illness Index; Skin; Staphylococcus aureus; Steroids; Young Adult
PubMed: 29720571
DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.120608 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2018As therapies for atopic dermatitis (AD) based on live biotherapeutic products (LBP) are developed, the potential displacement of biotherapeutic strains, and species to...
As therapies for atopic dermatitis (AD) based on live biotherapeutic products (LBP) are developed, the potential displacement of biotherapeutic strains, and species to mucosal sites where they are not naturally found is of investigative interest. However, formal assessment of the toxicity potential of healthy skin commensal organisms has not been reported in the literature. Our previous research indicates that topical application of live to treat AD was associated with clinical benefit on the skin, but the effects of exposure via inhalation, eye inoculation, and ingestion were unknown. Herein we report our findings from mice inoculated with commensal strains of , coagulase negative (CNS), and . Bacterial isolates were collected under clinical trial NCT03018275, however these results do not represent an interventional clinical trial. Our tested R. mucosa isolates did not display significant infection or inflammation. However, neutropenic mice inoculated with CNS had infection without major inflammation in pulmonary models. In contrast, systemic infection generated hepatic and splenic pathology for and CNS, which was worsened by the presence of neutropenia. Our results suggest that LBP derived from bacteria without significant infectivity histories, such as , may represent safer options than known pathobionts like and spp. Overall, these results suggest that topically applied LBP from select skin commensals are likely to present safe therapeutic options and reinforce our prior clinical findings.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Infections; Carrier State; Disease Models, Animal; Methylobacteriaceae; Mice; Probiotics; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus; Symbiosis; Virulence
PubMed: 30719426
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00451 -
American Journal of Clinical Dermatology Feb 2020The efficacy of antibiotics in rosacea treatment suggests a role for microorganisms in its pathophysiology. Growing concern over the adverse effects of antibiotic use...
BACKGROUND
The efficacy of antibiotics in rosacea treatment suggests a role for microorganisms in its pathophysiology. Growing concern over the adverse effects of antibiotic use presents a need for targeted antimicrobial treatment in rosacea.
OBJECTIVE
We performed a case-control study to investigate the skin microbiota in patients with rosacea compared to controls matched by age, sex, and race.
METHODS
Nineteen participants with rosacea, erythematotelangiectatic, papulopustular, or both, were matched to 19 rosacea-free controls. DNA was extracted from skin swabs of the nose and bilateral cheeks of participants. Sequencing of the V3V4 region of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene was performed using Illumina MiSeq and analyzed using QIIME/MetaStats 2.0 software.
RESULTS
Compared with controls, skin microbiota in erythematotelangiectatic rosacea was depleted in Roseomonas mucosa (p = 0.004). Papulopustular rosacea was enriched in Campylobacter ureolyticus (p = 0.001), Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii (p = 0.008), and the oral flora Prevotella intermedia (p = 0.001). The highest relative abundance of C. kroppenstedtii was observed in patients with both erythematotelangiectatic and papulopustular rosacea (19.2%), followed by papulopustular (5.06%) and erythematotelangiectatic (1.21%) rosacea. C. kroppenstedtii was also associated with more extensive disease, with the highest relative abundance in rosacea affecting both the cheeks and nose (2.82%), followed by rosacea sparing the nose (1.93%), and controls (0.19%).
CONCLUSIONS
The skin microbiota in individuals with rosacea displays changes from that of healthy skin, suggesting that further studies examining a potential role for the skin microbiota in the pathophysiology of rosacea may be warranted.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Bacteria; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Rosacea; Skin; Young Adult
PubMed: 31502207
DOI: 10.1007/s40257-019-00471-5 -
PloS One 2023We recently used EPA databases to identify that isocyanates, most notably toluene diisocyanate (TDI), were the pollutant class with the strongest spatiotemporal and...
We recently used EPA databases to identify that isocyanates, most notably toluene diisocyanate (TDI), were the pollutant class with the strongest spatiotemporal and epidemiologic association with atopic dermatitis (AD). Our findings demonstrated that isocyanates like TDI disrupted lipid homeostasis and modeled benefit in commensal bacteria like Roseomonas mucosa through disrupting nitrogen fixation. However, TDI has also been established to activate transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) in mice and thus could directly contribute to AD through induction of itch, rash, and psychological stress. Using cell culture and mouse models, we now demonstrate that TDI induced skin inflammation in mice as well as calcium influx in human neurons; each of these findings were dependent on TRPA1. Furthermore, TRPA1 blockade synergized with R. mucosa treatment in mice to improve TDI-independent models of AD. Finally, we show that the cellular effects of TRPA1 are related to shifting the balance of the tyrosine metabolites epinephrine and dopamine. This work provides added insight into the potential role, and therapeutic potential, or TRPA1 in the pathogenesis of AD.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Mice; Dermatitis, Atopic; Exanthema; Pruritus; Isocyanates; Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate; Cytoskeletal Proteins; TRPA1 Cation Channel
PubMed: 36877675
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282569 -
Science Advances Jan 2023Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition increasing in industrial nations at a pace that suggests environmental drivers. We hypothesize that the...
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition increasing in industrial nations at a pace that suggests environmental drivers. We hypothesize that the dysbiosis associated with AD may signal microbial adaptations to modern pollutants. Having previously modeled the benefits of health-associated , we now show that fixes nitrogen in the production of protective glycerolipids and their ceramide by-products. Screening EPA databases against the clinical visit rates identified diisocyanates as the strongest predictor of AD. Diisocyanates disrupted the production of beneficial lipids and therapeutic modeling for isolates of as well as commensal . Last, while topical failed to meet commercial end points in a placebo-controlled trial, the subgroup who completed the full protocol demonstrated sustained, clinically modest, but statistically significant clinical improvements that differed by study site diisocyanate levels. Therefore, diisocyanates show temporospatial and epidemiological association with AD while also inducing eczematous dysbiosis.
Topics: Humans; Dermatitis, Atopic; Dysbiosis; Isocyanates; Prevalence; Bacteria; Skin
PubMed: 36608129
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade8898