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Acta Psychologica Jul 2023
Topics: Humans; Personality; Self Report
PubMed: 37316377
DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.103954 -
Journal of Aging and Health Mar 2017The objective of this study was to develop and assess a composite measure of physical capacity using self-report and physical performance items.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to develop and assess a composite measure of physical capacity using self-report and physical performance items.
METHOD
Item response theory (IRT) is used to evaluate measurement properties of self-report and performance items and to develop a composite measure for 7,609 participants in the National Health and Aging Trends Study.
RESULTS
Self-reports distinguish differences at the lower end of physical capacity but not at mid-to-high levels. Performance-based measures discriminate across a fuller spectrum. An IRT-based composite score, drawing on both, provides increased measurement precision across the physical capacity spectrum and detects age group differences if either self-report or performance does so-suggesting it is better suited for studying age-related changes than either measure alone.
DISCUSSION
Self-report and performance measures have different strengths on the physical capacity spectrum. IRT provides a means of combining these different measurement approaches for analyses of physical capacity across a broad range of functioning in later life.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Disability Evaluation; Female; Health Status; Humans; Male; Physical Fitness; Psychometrics; Self Report; Task Performance and Analysis
PubMed: 26965083
DOI: 10.1177/0898264316635566 -
The American Journal of Occupational... 2020Women with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD symptoms may experience difficulty carrying out desired life roles and activities. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
IMPORTANCE
Women with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD symptoms may experience difficulty carrying out desired life roles and activities.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether a 7-wk tailored occupation-based intervention can reduce perceived stress and ADHD symptoms and enhance perceived performance of and satisfaction with daily roles and activities among women with ADHD.
DESIGN
Randomization to intervention (n = 11) and control (n = 12) groups.
SETTING
Home and community.
PARTICIPANTS
Twenty-three participants ages 20-55 yr, English speaking, and with a self-reported diagnosis of ADHD.
INTERVENTION
The intervention was administered for 7 wk in individual 1-hr sessions and addressed routine establishment, organization, time management, stress management, and sensory regulation in the home and community.
OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure.
RESULTS
At 1-wk postintervention, statistically significant differences were found between intervention and control groups in perceived stress (Z = -3.838, p < .000, d = -2.66), ADHD symptoms (Z = -3.605, p < .000, d = -2.17), and COPM Performance (Z = -4.074, p < .000, d = 3.04) and Satisfaction change scores (Z = -3.759, p < .000, d = 2.82).
CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE
A 7-wk tailored intervention reduced perceived stress and ADHD symptoms and enhanced perceived performance of and satisfaction with desired occupational roles and activities in a sample of women with ADHD. Further research is warranted to determine whether the intervention can be useful to women with ADHD beyond the present sample.
WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS
This intervention may offer an effective nonpharmacological option for women with ADHD symptoms.
Topics: Adult; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Canada; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Research Design; Self Report; Young Adult
PubMed: 32078512
DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2020.033316 -
Arthritis Care & Research Oct 2020
Review
Topics: Exercise; Humans; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Self Report
PubMed: 33091242
DOI: 10.1002/acr.24211 -
The British Journal of General Practice... Jul 2021
Topics: Humans; Prescription Drugs; Prescriptions; Self Report
PubMed: 34319892
DOI: 10.3399/bjgp21X716405 -
Journal of Women & Aging 2021Reports of memory problems are associated with cognitive decline risk and other adverse health outcomes, and the personality trait of neuroticism is known to influence...
Reports of memory problems are associated with cognitive decline risk and other adverse health outcomes, and the personality trait of neuroticism is known to influence these reports. Since women tend to have higher neuroticism as well as a unique risk profile for cognitive decline, we examined the relationship between neuroticism and responses to two memory self-report items (self- and age-anchored comparisons) among women (n = 1,132; M = 52.71; SD = 13.99) in the Midlife in the United States Refresher Study. Multivariate regression demonstrated that women lower in neuroticism may be more likely to make a distinction between self-comparisons vs. age-anchored comparisons of memory.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Bias; Female; Humans; Memory Disorders; Middle Aged; Neuroticism; Personality; Self Report
PubMed: 31809677
DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2019.1700729 -
Journal of Behavioral Addictions Jul 2022Social media use can sometimes become excessive and damaging. To deal with this issue, scholars and practitioners have called for the development of measures that...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Social media use can sometimes become excessive and damaging. To deal with this issue, scholars and practitioners have called for the development of measures that predict social media use. The current studies test the utility of evaluation and self-identification measures for predicting social media use.
METHOD
Study 1 examined the relation between evaluation (n = 58) and self-identification (n = 56) measures on the one hand and several self-report measures of social media use on the other hand. Study 2 examined whether the main results of Study 1 could be replicated and whether evaluation (n = 68) and self-identification (n = 48) also relate to actual social media use. We probed evaluation and self-identification using implicit and explicit measures.
RESULTS
Explicit evaluation and self-identification measures significantly correlated with several of the self-report measures of social media. Explicit evaluation also significantly correlated with several indices of actual social media use. Implicit measures did not relate to social media use.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
The current results suggest that researchers and practitioners could benefit from using explicit evaluation and self-identification measures when predicting social media use, especially an evaluation measure since this measure also seems to relate to actual social media use. Study 2 was one of the first to test the ecological validity of social media use measures. Although implicit measures could provide benefits for predicting social media use, the current studies did not show evidence for their predictive utility.
Topics: Humans; Self Concept; Self Report; Social Media
PubMed: 35895558
DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00042 -
Revista Chilena de Pediatria Dec 2019
Topics: Adolescent; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Humans; Personal Satisfaction; Reproducibility of Results; Self Report
PubMed: 32186594
DOI: 10.32641/rchped.v90i6.1314 -
Journal of Applied Research in... Sep 2022Views can be collected from individuals (self-report) or others on their behalf (proxy-report). (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Views can be collected from individuals (self-report) or others on their behalf (proxy-report).
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to review the literature on methods and statistical approaches used to evaluate observer versus self-report responses from individuals with intellectual disability or Down syndrome.
METHODS
A series of key questions related to statistical approaches and data collection methods were formulated a priori to inform the search strategy and review process. These addressed the topics of self-report in individuals with intellectual disability, including Down syndrome. Using the National Library of Medicine database, PubMed, detailed literature searches were performed. The quality of available evidence was then evaluated, the existing literature was summarised, and knowledge gaps and research needs were identified.
RESULTS
Fifty relevant original articles were identified which addressed at least one key question. Study details, including: research design, internal validity, external validity, and relevant results are presented. Review of studies of individuals with intellectual disability which used a variety of statistical approaches showed mixed agreement between self-report and proxy-report.
CONCLUSION
Few studies identified to-date have used self-report from individuals with Down syndrome, but lessons from the existing intellectual disability literature can guide researchers to incorporate self-report from individuals with Down syndrome in the future.
Topics: Down Syndrome; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Proxy; Self Report
PubMed: 35676858
DOI: 10.1111/jar.13013 -
Behavior Modification Jul 2022Self-reports are typically used to assess public speaking anxiety. In this study, we examined whether self-report, observer report, and behavioral and physiological...
Self-reports are typically used to assess public speaking anxiety. In this study, we examined whether self-report, observer report, and behavioral and physiological reactivity were associated with each other during a speech challenge task. A total of 95 university students completed a self-report measure of public speaking anxiety before and after the speech challenge. Speech duration (i.e., behavioral measure), physiological reactivity, as well as speech performance evaluated by the participants and observers were also recorded. The results suggest that self-reported public speaking anxiety predicts speech duration, as well as speech quality, as rated by the participants themselves and observers. However, the physiological measures were not associated with self-reported anxiety during the speech task. Additionally, we observed that socially anxious participants underrate their speech performance in comparison to their observers' evaluations.
Topics: Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Humans; Self Report; Speech
PubMed: 33593107
DOI: 10.1177/0145445521994308