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The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic... Jan 2021Clinicians employ several techniques to augment lips with hyaluronic acid (HA) filler. To the best of our knowledge, however, no previous study has documented the use of... (Review)
Review
Clinicians employ several techniques to augment lips with hyaluronic acid (HA) filler. To the best of our knowledge, however, no previous study has documented the use of a 4-mm 30-gauge needle in this context. This paper describes the anatomical rationale behind and practical application of such a needle applied very superficially in the vermillion border during lip augmentation. Using a 4-mm 30-gauge needle facilitates precise HA placement into the safer subcutaneous plane of the lip and lowers the pressure needed to extrude the filler, which might optimize patient comfort. This technique aims to increase the safety and predictability of lip augmentation with HA fillers. Credit is owed to Dr. Jean Louis Sebagh, who provided the inspiration to use the described needle for this evidence-based technique.
PubMed: 33584970
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Medicine 2022Superficial keratectomy (SK) is the manual dissection of the superficial corneal layers (epithelium, Bowman's layer, and sometimes superficial stroma). SK is done using... (Review)
Review
Superficial keratectomy (SK) is the manual dissection of the superficial corneal layers (epithelium, Bowman's layer, and sometimes superficial stroma). SK is done using a surgical blade or diamond burr. Some surgeons use intraoperative mitomycin C 0.02% or amniotic membrane transplantation to improve surgical outcomes. This literature review shows that SK remains an effective method for different indications, including tissue diagnosis, excision of corneal degenerations, dystrophies, scarring, recurrent corneal erosions, and retained corneal foreign body.
PubMed: 35872789
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.915284 -
Gland Surgery Apr 2023Oncoplastic breast reconstruction has allowed for the optimization of oncologic and reconstructive outcomes after breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Volume replacement... (Review)
Review
Oncoplastic breast reconstruction has allowed for the optimization of oncologic and reconstructive outcomes after breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Volume replacement procedures in oncoplastic reconstruction most commonly utilize regional pedicled flaps, though several studies have reported benefits to free tissue transfer for oncoplastic partial breast reconstruction in the immediate, delayed-immediate and delayed settings. Microvascular oncoplastic breast reconstruction is a useful technique in the appropriate patients with small-to-medium size breasts and larger tumor-to-breast ratios who desire to preserve breast size, those with a paucity of regional breast tissue and patients that wish to avoid chest wall and back scars. Several free flap options for partial breast reconstruction exist, including superficially-based abdominal flaps, medial thigh-based flaps, deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flaps and thoracodorsal artery-based flaps. However, special consideration should be given to preserving donor sites for potential future total autologous breast reconstruction with any flap choice that should be tailored to individual recurrence risk. Aesthetically placed incisions should take recipient vessel access into consideration which include the internal mammary vessels and perforators medially, and then intercostal, serratus branch and thoracodorsal vessels laterally. The utilization of a thin strip of lower abdominal tissue based on the superficial abdominal circulation allows for a well-concealed donor site with minimal morbidity and preservation of the abdominal donor site if future total autologous breast reconstruction is needed. Optimizing outcomes requires a team-based approach to appropriately design recipient and donor-site considerations while individualizing tumor and patient-specific plans.
PubMed: 37200929
DOI: 10.21037/gs-22-561 -
Microorganisms Oct 2022Oomycetes are pathogens of plants and animals, which cause billions of dollars of global losses to the agriculture, aquaculture and forestry sectors each year. These... (Review)
Review
Oomycetes are pathogens of plants and animals, which cause billions of dollars of global losses to the agriculture, aquaculture and forestry sectors each year. These organisms superficially resemble fungi, with an archetype being , the cause of late blight of tomatoes and potatoes. Comparison of the physiology of oomycetes with that of other organisms, such as plants and animals, may provide new routes to selectively combat these pathogens. In most eukaryotes, -inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate is a key second messenger that links extracellular stimuli to increases in cytoplasmic Ca, to regulate cellular activities. In the work presented in this study, investigation of the molecular components of -inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate signaling in oomycetes has unveiled similarities and differences with that in other eukaryotes. Most striking is that several oomycete species lack detectable phosphoinositide-selective phospholipase C homologues, the enzyme family that generates this second messenger, but still possess relatives of -inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate-gated Ca-channels.
PubMed: 36363748
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112157