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Urology Journal May 2024Our study aims to address two pivotal questions: "What are the recent advancements in understanding the etiology of urological tumors through Mendelian Randomization?"...
BACKGROUND
Our study aims to address two pivotal questions: "What are the recent advancements in understanding the etiology of urological tumors through Mendelian Randomization?" and "How can Mendelian Randomization be more effectively applied in clinical settings to enhance patient health outcomes in the future?"
METHODS
In our systematic review conducted in April 2023, we utilized databases like PubMed and Web of Science to explore the influence of Mendelian Randomization in urological oncological diseases. We focused on studies published from January 2018, employing keywords related to urological tumors and Mendelian Randomization, supplemented with MeSH terms and manual reference checks. Our inclusion criteria targeted original research studies, while we excluded reports and non-relevant articles. Data extraction followed a PICO-based approach, and bias risk was independently evaluated, with discrepancies resolved through discussion. This systematic approach adhered to PRISMA guidelines for accuracy and thoroughness in reporting.
RESULTS
From the initial 457 publications, we narrowed down to 43 full-text articles after screening and quality assessments.A deeper understanding of Mendelian Randomization can help us explore risk factors with a clear causal relationship to urological tumors.This insight may pave the way for future research in early diagnosis, treatment, and management of associated diseases.
CONCLUSION
Our review underscores the value of MR in urogenital tumor research, highlighting its efficacy in establishing causality and its potential to clarify disease mechanisms. Despite challenges like large sample sizes and variant identification, MR offers new perspectives for understanding and managing these tumors, suggesting a trend towards more inclusive and diverse research approaches.
PubMed: 38733232
DOI: 10.22037/uj.v21i.7970 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Aug 2023To review biochemical parameters, clinical characteristics, demographics, radiological and histopathological findings, treatment modalities and outcomes used to examine...
OBJECTIVE
To review biochemical parameters, clinical characteristics, demographics, radiological and histopathological findings, treatment modalities and outcomes used to examine patients with coexisting multiple myeloma and prostate adencocarcinoma.
METHODS
The systematic review comprised search on PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct and the Directory of Open Access Journal databases for case reports published till June 1, 2022. The search was done in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines using appropriate key words. Case reports included were those dealing exclusively with human subjects, were published in the English language and had free, full-text, public access. Quality assessment was done using Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Reports. Data was extracted and the case reports were evaluated for demographic, diagnostic and treatment parameters.
RESULTS
Of the 515 studies initially identified, 5(0.97%) were analysed; all males with mean age 68.6±10.78 years. The most common symptom reported at presentation was low back pain 3(60%), Osteolytic lesions were seen in 4(80%) patients on imaging with elevated prostate surface antigen levels. Anaemia was found in 3(60%) patients and 2(40%) had thrombocytopenia.
CONCLUSION
Multiple myeloma and prostate adenocarcinoma can coexist although it is rare. Awareness regarding the possible coexistence of the two prominent cancer types may further help clinicians during their practice in considering multiple myeloma as a differential diagnosis when encountered with patients having osteolytic bony lesions along with elevated levels of prostate-specific antigen.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42022334906.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Aged; Multiple Myeloma; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Adenocarcinoma
PubMed: 37697762
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.8068 -
Cureus Jan 2024The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize all existing evidence, regarding the immunohistochemical expression of REV-7 in different human cancer pathology... (Review)
Review
The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize all existing evidence, regarding the immunohistochemical expression of REV-7 in different human cancer pathology specimens. Moreover, the association of REV-7 expression with disease severity (clinical course), patients' survival, prognosis, and response to various treatments, such as chemotherapy and irradiation, was investigated. Three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane) were systematically screened, from inception to September 2, 2023, as suggested by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Only studies using immunohistochemical staining for REV-7 in paraffin-embedded cancer tissues were included. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final qualitative synthesis. All nine studies were retrospective and non-comparative ones. Selected studies reported immunohistochemical expression of REV-7 in different types of cancer, including testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, esophagus squamous cell carcinoma, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, and skin cancer. High REV-7 expression was associated with faster disease progression, resistance to available treatment options, and worse prognosis in the majority of included studies. These results indicate that immunohistochemical staining of REV-7 protein could potentially be used as a predictive tissue marker in certain cases. Promising results, arising from REV-7 inactivation experiments, render REV-7 targeting a potential therapeutic strategy for future cancer management, especially in the cases of chemoresistant or radioresistant disease.
PubMed: 38371007
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52542 -
Journal of Neurological Surgery. Part... Mar 2024Subdural hematoma (SDH) occasionally accompanies dural metastasis and is associated with high recurrence rate, significantly impacting patient morbidity and...
BACKGROUND
Subdural hematoma (SDH) occasionally accompanies dural metastasis and is associated with high recurrence rate, significantly impacting patient morbidity and mortality. This systematic review aims to evaluate the characteristics, management options, and outcomes of patients with SDH associated with dural metastasis.
METHODS
A comprehensive search of the PubMed and Cochrane databases was conducted for English-language studies published from inception to March 20, 2023, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The authors reviewed cases of histopathologically confirmed SDH with non-central nervous system (non-CNS) tumor metastasis, focusing on therapeutic management of SDH. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, with a significance level set at 0.05.
RESULTS
This review included 32 studies comprising 37 patients with 43 SDH cases associated with dural metastasis. Chronic SDH was the most frequently observed presentation ( = 28, 65.12%). The systemic malignancies most commonly associated with SDH due to dural metastasis were prostate carcinoma ( = 9, 24.32%) and gastric carcinoma ( = 5, 13.51%). A statistically significant association was found between metastatic melanoma and subacute SDH ( = 0.010). The majority of patients were treated with burr holes ( = 15, 40.54%) or craniotomies ( = 14, 37.84%), with no statistically significant difference in mortality rates between the two techniques ( = 0.390). Adjuvant therapy was administered to a limited number of patients ( = 5, 13.51%), including chemotherapy ( = 2, 5.41%), whole brain radiotherapy ( = 1, 2.70%), a combination of chemotherapy and whole brain radiotherapy ( = 1, 2.70%), and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization ( = 1, 2.70%). The overall recurrence rate was 45.95% ( = 17), with burr holes being the most common management approach ( = 4, 10.81%). Within a median of 8 days, 67.57% ( = 25) of patients succumbed, primarily due to rebleeding ( = 3, 8.11%), disseminated intravascular coagulation ( = 3, 8.11%), and pneumonia ( = 3, 8.11%).
CONCLUSION
This review highlights the need for improving existing neurosurgical options and exploring novel treatment methods. It also emphasizes the importance of dural biopsy in patients with suspected metastasis to rule out a neoplastic etiology.
PubMed: 38437862
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782141 -
International Wound Journal Jan 2024In this article, we analysed the therapeutic efficacy of open radical prostatectomy (ORP) and minimally invasive surgery (MIS) after operation for the treatment of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
In this article, we analysed the therapeutic efficacy of open radical prostatectomy (ORP) and minimally invasive surgery (MIS) after operation for the treatment of post-operation complications. In summary, because of the broad methodology of the available trials and the low number of trials, the data were limited. The investigators combined the results of six of the 211 original studies. We looked up 4 databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. A total of six publications were selected. The main result was the rate of post-operation wound complications. Secondary results were the time of operation and the duration of hospitalization. Our findings indicate that the minimal invasive operation can decrease the incidence of wound infections (OR, 0.61; 95% CI: 0.42,0.90, p = 0.01), bleeding (MD, -293.09; 95% CI: -431.48, -154.71, p < 0.0001), and length of stay in the hospital compared with open surgery (MD, -1.85; 95% CI: -3.52, -0.17, p = 0.03), but minimally invasive surgery increased patient operative time (MD, 51.45; 95% CI: 40.99, 61.92, p < 0.0001). Compared with the open operation, the microinvasive operation has the superiority in the treatment of the wound complications following the operation of radical prostatic carcinoma. But the operation time of the microinvasive operation is much longer. Furthermore, there is a certain amount of bias among the various studies, so it is important to be cautious in interpretation of the findings.
Topics: Humans; Male; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Postoperative Complications; Prostate; Prostatectomy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37706271
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14367