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Microbiology Spectrum Dec 2023With the development of animal husbandry in China, the production of a large amount of livestock and poultry manure has become one of the main agricultural pollution...
With the development of animal husbandry in China, the production of a large amount of livestock and poultry manure has become one of the main agricultural pollution sources. High-temperature aerobic composting stands out as one of the most crucial methods for the safe and resourceful utilization of livestock and poultry manure, serving as an essential link between crop cultivation, animal breeding, and sustainable agricultural development. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the addition of exogenous multifunctional bacterial agents to compost reduces not only harmful emissions but also sequesters or increases essential nutrients. However, these efficacies depend on the specific functions of the bacteriophage itself, the harmonization and complementarity within the colony, and its ability to adapt to the environment. In recent years, relatively few studies have been conducted on actinomycetes. This experiment provides excellent actinomycete resources for the production of high-efficiency and high-quality compost compound microbial agents of manure and straw.
Topics: Animals; Composting; Actinobacteria; Actinomyces; Manure; Animal Husbandry; Poultry; Livestock; Soil
PubMed: 37905797
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02053-23 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Observational studies and animal experiments suggested potential relevance between gut microbiota (GM) and cervical cancer (CC), but the relevance of this association...
BACKGROUND
Observational studies and animal experiments suggested potential relevance between gut microbiota (GM) and cervical cancer (CC), but the relevance of this association remains to be clarified.
METHODS
We performed a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore whether there was a causal correlation between GM and CC, and the direction of causality.
RESULTS
In primary outcomes, we found that a higher abundance of and predicted higher risk of CC, and a higher abundance of and predicted lower risk of CC. During verifiable outcomes, we found that a higher abundance of and predicted a higher risk of CC, and a higher abundance of and predicted a lower risk of CC, and vice versa.
CONCLUSION
Our study implied a mutual causality between GM and CC, which provided a novel concept for the occurrence and development of CC, and might promote future functional or clinical analysis.
PubMed: 38419642
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1336101 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Sep 2023Two novel Gram-positive bacteria designated as strains STR2 and STR3 were isolated from the rhizosphere of a sample collected from Goyang-si, Republic of Korea. Strains...
Two novel Gram-positive bacteria designated as strains STR2 and STR3 were isolated from the rhizosphere of a sample collected from Goyang-si, Republic of Korea. Strains STR2 and STR3 were aerobic, rod shaped, non-sporulated, catalase negative, oxidase negative and non-motile bacteria. They grew at 15-37 °C (optimum, 25-30 °C), at pH 6.0-11.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and in the presence of 0-2% NaCl (optimum, 0 %, w/v). The chemotaxonomic and morphological characteristics of the novel strains were consistent with those of the members of . The phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that STR2 was closely related to YIM A1136 (99.3 %) and Y4 (99.1 %), and STR3 was closely related to DSM 22017 (99.0 %), G10 (98.8 %) and HFW-21 (98.7 %). The average nucleotide identity, average amino acid identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values of STR2 and STR3 with the most closely related strains that have publicly available whole genomes were 83.1-89.8 %, 80.9-89.6% and 26.2-39.1 %, respectively. The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain STR2 and STR3 contained ll-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic amino acid. The major fatty acids in STR2 and STR3 were iso-C and C ω8, and the predominant quinone was MK-8(H). Their polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and other polar lipids. The draft genome sequences showed that the genomic DNA G+C content of STR2 and STR3 were both 72.2 mol%. Physiological and biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequence analysis clearly revealed that STR2 and STR3 could represent novel species. Their proposed names were as follows: sp. nov. for strain STR2 (=KACC 22784=TBRC 16336) and sp. nov. for strain STR3 (= KACC 22785=TBRC 16337).
Topics: Actinobacteria; Nocardioides; Actinomyces; Pinus; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Base Composition; Fatty Acids; Sequence Analysis, DNA; DNA, Bacterial; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Amino Acids
PubMed: 37755157
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006062 -
BMC Genomics Dec 2023Actinomyces strains are commonly found as part of the normal microflora on human tissue surfaces, including the oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital...
BACKGROUND
Actinomyces strains are commonly found as part of the normal microflora on human tissue surfaces, including the oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract. Understanding the diversity and characterization of Actinomyces species is crucial for human health, as they play an important role in dental plaque formation and biofilm-related infections. Two Actinomyces strains ATCC 49340 and ATCC 51655 have been utilized in various studies, but their accurate species classification and description remain unresolved.
RESULTS
To investigate the genomic properties and taxonomic status of these strains, we employed both 16S rRNA Sanger sequencing and whole-genome sequencing using the Illumina HiSeq X Ten platform with PE151 (paired-end) sequencing. Our analyses revealed that the draft genome of Actinomyces acetigenes ATCC 49340 was 3.27 Mbp with a 68.0% GC content, and Actinomyces stomatis ATCC 51655 has a genome size of 3.08 Mbp with a 68.1% GC content. Multi-locus (atpA, rpoB, pgi, metG, gltA, gyrA, and core genome SNPs) sequence analysis supported the phylogenetic placement of strains ATCC 51655 and ATCC 49340 as independent lineages. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH), average nucleotide identity (ANI), and average amino acid identity (AAI) analyses indicated that both strains represented novel Actinomyces species, with values below the threshold for species demarcation (70% dDDH, 95% ANI and AAI). Pangenome analysis identified 5,731 gene clusters with strains ATCC 49340 and ATCC 51655 possessing 1,515 and 1,518 unique gene clusters, respectively. Additionally, genomic islands (GIs) prediction uncovered 24 putative GIs in strain ATCC 49340 and 16 in strain ATCC 51655, contributing to their genetic diversity and potential adaptive capabilities. Pathogenicity analysis highlighted the potential human pathogenicity risk associated with both strains, with several virulence-associated factors identified. CRISPR-Cas analysis exposed the presence of CRISPR and Cas genes in both strains, indicating these strains might evolve a robust defense mechanism against them.
CONCLUSION
This study supports the classification of strains ATCC 49340 and ATCC 51655 as novel species within the Actinomyces, in which the name Actinomyces acetigenes sp. nov. (type strain ATCC 49340 = VPI D163E-3 = CCUG 34286 = CCUG 35339 ) and Actinomyces stomatis sp. nov. (type strain ATCC 51655 = PK606 = CCUG 33930) are proposed.
Topics: Humans; Female; Actinomyces; Phylogeny; Sequence Analysis, DNA; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Mouth; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Nucleotides; DNA; DNA, Bacterial; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Fatty Acids
PubMed: 38049764
DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09831-2 -
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious... Jan 2024Actinomycetes, ubiquitous in the natural world, have been known to inflict infections upon both immunocompromised and healthy individuals. Interestingly enough, these... (Review)
Review
Fifteen years of phenotypic and genotypic surveillance and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Actinomycetes (Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Rhodococcus, etc.) in clinical and environmental samples of Iran.
Actinomycetes, ubiquitous in the natural world, have been known to inflict infections upon both immunocompromised and healthy individuals. Interestingly enough, these species are oftentimes found residing within the microbiota of humans and animals alike. Unfortunately, these infections are frequently misdiagnosed as more sinister ailments such as malignancy or tuberculosis. Due to this issue, this review deals with 15 years of study on clinical and environmental samples to determine Actinomycetes' prevalence, isolation, identification, and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in Iran by Davood Azadi et al. According to the Davood Azadi framework, we searched the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, SID, and Google Scholar in the period from 2007 to 2023. This review aimed to provide an overview of the most recent techniques for collecting environmental samples, cultivating them, and identifying the Actinomycetes group's members. The isolation of Actinomycetes from clinical and ecological sources is becoming more prevalent and should be a concern for health authorities in developing countries. Health centers should take action to increase awareness of diagnostic criteria and management guidelines for actinomycete diseases. Improvements in national and regional reference laboratories may also aid in accurately diagnosing these diseases.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Nocardia; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Actinobacteria; Rhodococcus; Actinomyces; Iran; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Mycobacterium; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 37862765
DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116080 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2024The etiological factors of Cholestatic Liver Diseases especially primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are not fully illustrated. It...
BACKGROUND
The etiological factors of Cholestatic Liver Diseases especially primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are not fully illustrated. It has been reported in previous observational studies that gut microbiota are associated with cholestatic liver diseases. However, there is uncertainty regarding the causality of this association. By using Mendelian randomization, this study aimed to examine the causal impact of gut microbiota on cholestatic liver diseases.
METHODS
From large-scale genome-wide association studies, genetic instruments for each gut microbiota taxa as well as primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis were developed. Subsequently, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis, supplemented by multiple sensitivity analyses. Additionally, we performed reverse MR analyses to investigate the possibility of the reverse causal association.
RESULT
This two-sample MR study indicated that the was associated with a decreased risk of developing PBC, and that may be factors that increase the risk of PBC. On the other hand, we also identified were positively associated with PSC. The , and were found negative associations with the risk of PSC. The reverse MR analysis demonstrated no statistically significant relationship between PBC, PSC and these specific gut microbial taxa.
CONCLUSION
Our findings offered novel evidence that the abundance of particular bacteria contributes to the risk of PBC and PSC, which may contribute to more effective approaches to PBC and PSC therapy and prevention.
PubMed: 38327703
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1342119 -
Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany) Jun 2024We report a 77-year-old man with a skin abscess caused by Actinomyces radingae. Targeted antibiotic therapy with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid for 6 weeks resulted in...
We report a 77-year-old man with a skin abscess caused by Actinomyces radingae. Targeted antibiotic therapy with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid for 6 weeks resulted in clearing of the infection. A. radingae is a rare pathogenic agent of skin and soft tissue infections. As with other Actinomyces infections, the early identification of the pathogen and specific antibiotic therapy is crucial for successful resolution of the infection because of the chronic course and the long treatment time needed. Usually, A. radingae is sensitive to β‑lactam antibiotics.
Topics: Humans; Male; Aged; Abscess; Actinomycosis; Actinomyces; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38361042
DOI: 10.1007/s00105-024-05313-y -
FEMS Microbiology Ecology Nov 2023Soil environments are inhabited by microorganisms adapted to its diversified microhabitats. The metabolic activity of individual strains/populations reflects resources...
Soil environments are inhabited by microorganisms adapted to its diversified microhabitats. The metabolic activity of individual strains/populations reflects resources available at a particular spot, quality of which may not comply with broad soil characteristics. To explore the potential of individual strains to adapt to particular micro-niches of carbon sources, a set of 331 Actinomycetia strains were collected at ten sites differing in vegetation, soil pH, organic matter content and quality. The strains were isolated on the same complex medium with neutral pH and their metabolites analyzed by UHPLC and LC-MS/MS in spent cultivation medium (metabolic profiles). For all strains, their metabolic profiles correlated with soil pH and organic matter content of the original sites. In comparison, strains phylogeny based on either 16S rRNA or the beta-subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (rpoB) genes was partially correlated with soil organic matter content but not soil pH at the sites. Antimicrobial activities of strains against Kocuria rhizophila, Escherichia coli, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were both site- and phylogeny-dependent. The precise adaptation of metabolic profiles to overall sites characteristics was further supported by the production of locally specific bioactive metabolites and suggested that carbon resources represent a significant selection pressure connected to specific antibiotic activities.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Soil; Actinomyces; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Chromatography, Liquid; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Phylogeny; Carbon; Soil Microbiology
PubMed: 37935470
DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiad139 -
The Laryngoscope Nov 2023To discuss a case series of Actinomyces infection post-rhinoplasty and review the literature for correct diagnosis and management.
OBJECTIVE
To discuss a case series of Actinomyces infection post-rhinoplasty and review the literature for correct diagnosis and management.
STUDY DESIGN
Case series with chart review.
METHODS
Three cases are presented of patients with a history of recurrent infectious symptoms post revision rhinoplasty later being diagnosed as Actinomyces.
RESULTS
Three patients were identified having undergone revision rhinoplasty and later being diagnosed with Actinomyces infection. They initially presented with underwhelming physical exams, mild erythema, slight swelling, yet extreme pain. They also had periods of recurrent infection once antibiotics were stopped. Aerobic, anaerobic, fungal, and Actinomyces cultures were sent to pathology and returned positive for Actinomyces. Treatment typically involved a combination of prolonged antibiotics, incision and drainage, and/or surgical debridement.
CONCLUSIONS
Awareness of Actinomyces as a possible cause of infection post-rhinoplasty is significant as this pathogen can lead to extensive tissue destruction and fistula formation which could be detrimental for a rhinoplasty. Duration of treatment is beyond typical lengths for other infections and a specific culture for Actinomyces is required to be sent as it isn't captured in standard aerobic/anaerobic cultures. Therefore, a high index of suspicion is required by physicians to ensure that patients are evaluated thoroughly. Laryngoscope, 133:2948-2950, 2023.
Topics: Humans; Rhinoplasty; Actinomyces; Postoperative Complications; Actinomycosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 36912365
DOI: 10.1002/lary.30639 -
Scientific Reports Aug 2023Trueperella pecoris was described as a new species of the genus Trueperella in 2021 and might be pathogenic to various animal species. However, the lack of a suitable...
Trueperella pecoris was described as a new species of the genus Trueperella in 2021 and might be pathogenic to various animal species. However, the lack of a suitable diagnostic test system stands in the way of epidemiological surveys to clarify possible causalities. In this study, a Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) assay was developed and validated that was highly specific for T. pecoris. The assay provided an analytical sensitivity of 0.5 pg/25 µL and showed 100% inclusivity and exclusivity for 11 target and 33 non-target strains, respectively. Three different DNA extraction methods were evaluated to select the most LAMP-compatible method for cell disruption in pure and complex samples. Using an on-site applicable single-buffer DNA extraction with additional heating, the cell-based detection limit was 2.3 CFU/reaction. Finally, the LAMP assay was validated by means of artificially contaminated porcine lung tissue samples in which minimal microbial loads between 6.54 and 8.37 × 10 CFU per swab sample were detectable. The LAMP assay established in this study represents a suitable diagnostic procedure for identifying T. pecoris in clinical specimens and will help to collect epidemiological data on the pathogenicity of this species.
Topics: Animals; Swine; Actinomycetaceae; Biological Assay; Cell Membrane; Heating
PubMed: 37635174
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40787-1