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Natural Product Research May 2024Hemiactinomycin (), an intermediate derivative of actinomycin biosynthesis, together with three known actinomycins (-) , were isolated from the ethanolic extract of...
Hemiactinomycin (), an intermediate derivative of actinomycin biosynthesis, together with three known actinomycins (-) , were isolated from the ethanolic extract of H41-55 fermentation mycelium by using various column chromatography. The structure of the derivative was established by extensive spectroscopic analysis, including HRESIMS, 1D, and 2D NMR spectroscopy. In addition, the anti-inflammatory activities of all the isolates were tested. The derivative () showed inhibiting NO release activities in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages with the IC values of 15.41 ± 0.66 μM.
Topics: Streptomyces antibioticus; Dactinomycin; Streptomyces; Actinobacteria; Actinomyces
PubMed: 36564053
DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2161541 -
Chemistry & Biodiversity Mar 2024In the current study, the actinomycetes associated with the red sea-derived soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum were investigated in terms of biological and chemical...
In the current study, the actinomycetes associated with the red sea-derived soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum were investigated in terms of biological and chemical diversity. Four different media, M1, ISP2, Marine Agar (MA), and Actinomycete isolation agar (AIA) were used for the isolation of three strains of actinomycetes that were identified as Streptomyces sp. UR 25, Micromonospora sp. UR32 and Saccharomonospora sp. UR 19. LC-HRMS analysis was used to investigate the chemical diversity of the isolated actinobacteria. The LC-HRMS data were statistically processed using MetaboAnalyst 5.0 viz to differentiate the extract groups and determine the optimal growth culturing conditions. Multivariate data statistical analysis revealed that the Micromonospora sp. extract cultured on (MA) medium is the most distinctive extract in terms of chemical composition. While, the Streptomyces sp. UR 25 extracts are differ significantly from Micromonospora sp. UR32 and Saccharomonospora sp. UR 19. Biological investigation using in vitro cytotoxic assay for actinobacteria extracts revealed the prominent potentiality of the Streptomyces sp. UR 25 cultured on oligotrophic medium against human hepatoma (HepG2), human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and human colon adenocarcinoma (CACO2) cell lines (IC =3.3, 4.2 and 6.8 μg/mL, respectively). SwissTarget Prediction speculated that among the identified compounds, 16-deethyl, indanomycin (8) could have reasonable affinity on HDM2 active site. In this respect, molecular docking study was performed for compound (8) to reveal a substantial affinity on HDM2 active site. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations were carried out at 200 ns for the most active compound (8) compared to the co-crystallized inhibitor DIZ giving deeper information regarding their thermodynamic and dynamic properties as well.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Actinobacteria; Indian Ocean; Actinomyces; Agar; Adenocarcinoma; Caco-2 Cells; Molecular Docking Simulation; Colonic Neoplasms; Anthozoa; Antineoplastic Agents; Streptomyces
PubMed: 38193652
DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301617 -
Microbiology Spectrum Jun 2024Bacterial isolates from the human urinary microbiome have been extensively studied for their antibiotic resistance; however, little work has been done on those isolates...
UNLABELLED
Bacterial isolates from the human urinary microbiome have been extensively studied for their antibiotic resistance; however, little work has been done on those isolates that are difficult to grow . This study was designed to qualify a serum-based medium, New York City Broth III (NYCIII), and a broth microdilution method to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of previously underreported or undescribed microbes that have a difficult time growing in standard Mueller-Hinton broth. Here, we demonstrate that NYCIII microbroth dilution can be an effective method for the determination of antibiotic susceptibility of species found in the human urinary microbiome. We show that this method serves well to characterize fastidious and anaerobic urinary microbes that have no Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, including several in the families , , or . Previous studies using expanded quantitative urine culture reveal that urine samples from clinical patients are commonly polymicrobial in composition. Thus, we test whether NYCIII can serve as a viable harmonized medium, capable of supporting antibiotic susceptibility testing in a range of fastidious, non-fastidious, and anaerobic urinary microbes. We propose this methodology to be standardized comparable to CLSI standards to allow for resistance testing in uncharacterized urinary bacteria.
IMPORTANCE
Antibiotic susceptibilities of fastidious and anaerobic bacteria of the human urinary microbiome are largely underreported due to difficulty in growing them in the lab environment. The current standard medium, Muller-Hinton broth, has difficulty supporting the growth of many of these species, leaving microbiologists without a standardized method. To address this need, this study offers a methodology to survey susceptibilities in a high-throughput manner of these understudied microbes with a proposed harmonized medium, NYCIII, which is capable of supporting the growth of both fastidious and non-fastidious urinary microbes. Broader standardization of this method can allow for the development of antibiotic-resistant breakpoints of the many uncharacterized urinary microbes.
Topics: Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Microbiota; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Urine; Urinary Tract Infections; Bacteria; Culture Media
PubMed: 38709058
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00314-24 -
The Journal of Dermatology Apr 2024
Topics: Humans; Streptococcus constellatus; Actinomyces; Dacryocystitis; Actinomycosis
PubMed: 37997462
DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.17041 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Jan 2024Actinomyces turicensis is rarely responsible of clinically relevant infections in human. Infection is often misdiagnosed as malignancy, tuberculosis, or nocardiosis,...
BACKGROUND
Actinomyces turicensis is rarely responsible of clinically relevant infections in human. Infection is often misdiagnosed as malignancy, tuberculosis, or nocardiosis, therefore delaying the correct identification and treatment. Here we report a case of a 55-year-old immunocompetent adult with brain abscess caused by A. turicensis. A systematic review of A. turicensis infections was performed.
METHODS
A systematic review of the literature was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The databases MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Clinicaltrials.gov and Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technology in Health (CADTH) were searched for all relevant literature.
RESULTS
Search identified 47 eligible records, for a total of 67 patients. A. turicensis infection was most frequently reported in the anogenital area (n = 21), causing acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) including Fournier's gangrene (n = 12), pulmonary infections (n = 8), gynecological infections (n = 6), cervicofacial district infections (n = 5), intrabdominal or breast infections (n = 8), urinary tract infections (n = 3), vertebral column infections (n = 2) central nervous system infections (n = 2), endocarditis (n = 1). Infections were mostly presenting as abscesses (n = 36), with or without concomitant bacteremia (n = 7). Fever and local signs of inflammation were present in over 60% of the cases. Treatment usually involved surgical drainage followed by antibiotic therapy (n = 51). Antimicrobial treatments most frequently included amoxicillin (+clavulanate), ampicillin/sulbactam, metronidazole or cephalosporins. Eighty-nine percent of the patients underwent a full recovery. Two fatal cases were reported.
CONCLUSIONS
To the best of our knowledge, we hereby present the first case of a brain abscess caused by A. turicensis and P. mirabilis. Brain involvement by A. turicensis is rare and may result from hematogenous spread or by dissemination of a contiguous infection. The infection might be difficult to diagnose and therefore treatment may be delayed. Nevertheless, the pathogen is often readily treatable. Diagnosis of actinomycosis is challenging and requires prompt microbiological identification. Surgical excision and drainage and antibiotic treatment usually allow for full recovery.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Middle Aged; Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brain Abscess; Canada
PubMed: 38245682
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-08995-w -
Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024Actinomycosis is a rare infection caused by Actinomyces spp. Of all actinomycosis infections, only 5% of Hepatic Actinomycosis (HA) infection has been reported. This...
Actinomycosis is a rare infection caused by Actinomyces spp. Of all actinomycosis infections, only 5% of Hepatic Actinomycosis (HA) infection has been reported. This disease is often misdiagnosed as a malignancy. This case report presents a 45-year-old woman with diabetes, initially suspected of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, but after careful tissue staining, we found the results supported HA infection.
Topics: Humans; Actinomycosis; Female; Middle Aged; Actinomyces; Liver; Liver Diseases; Histocytochemistry; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 38556249
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100573 -
Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official... Jul 2024
Topics: Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Lung Neoplasms; Actinomycosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Gallium Radioisotopes; Male; Actinomyces; Middle Aged; Female; Aged
PubMed: 38453360
DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.267155 -
Systematic and Applied Microbiology May 2024Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens (Microbacteriaceae), a plant-pathogenic coryneform species includes five pathovars with valid names and a number of proposed - but...
Multiphasic investigations imply transfer of orange-/red-pigmented strains of the bean pathogen Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens to a new species as C. aurantiacum sp. nov., elevation of the poinsettia pathogen C. flaccumfaciens pv. poinsettiae to the species level as C. Poinsettiae...
Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens (Microbacteriaceae), a plant-pathogenic coryneform species includes five pathovars with valid names and a number of proposed - but unvalidated - new members. In this study, phenotypic features and DNA similarity indexes were investigated among all C. flaccumfaciens members. Results showed that the C. flaccumfaciens pv. poinsettiae strains causing bacterial canker of Euphorbia pulcherrima in the USA as well as the orange-/red-pigmented strains of C. flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens pathogenic on dry beans in Iran are too distinct from each other and from the type strain of the species to be considered members of C. flaccumfaciens. Hence, the latter two groups were elevated at the species level as C. poinsettiae sp. nov. (ATCC 9682 = CFBP 2403 = ICMP 2566 = LMG 3715 = NCPPB 854 as type strain), and C. aurantiacum sp. nov. (50R = CFBP 8819 = ICMP 22071 as type strain). Within the emended species C. flaccumfaciens comb. nov., yellow-pigmented strains causing bacterial wilt of dry beans and those causing bacterial canker of Euphorbia pulcherrima in Europe were retained as C. flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens and C. flaccumfaciens pv. poinsettiae, respectively; while taxonomic position of the sugar beet pathogen C. flaccumfaciens pv. beticola ATCC BAA144 was confirmed. The newly described onion pathogen C. allii was also reclassified as C. flaccumfaciens pv. allii with the pathotype strain LMG 32517. Furthermore, C. flaccumfaciens pv. basellae causing bacterial leaf spot of malabar spinach (Basella rubra) was transferred to C. citreum pv. basellae with ATCC BAA143 as pathotype.
Topics: Plant Diseases; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; DNA, Bacterial; Iran; Euphorbia; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Fabaceae; Phenotype; Actinomycetaceae; United States
PubMed: 38325043
DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2024.126489 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2024Skin abscess is one of the most common infections of the skin and soft tissues. However, anaerobic bacteria are infrequently identified as the causative agents of this...
Skin abscess is one of the most common infections of the skin and soft tissues. However, anaerobic bacteria are infrequently identified as the causative agents of this particular form of abscess. In this case, a 34-year-old pregnant woman was diagnosed with a skin abscess with the use of ultrasonography. The microbiological analysis results of the purulent fluid revealed the coinfection of and . The patient was first treated empirically with 3 days of cefathiamidine, which resulted in no symptom improvement. Subsequently, a surgical procedure involving incision and draining was performed, with the administration of ceftriaxone. After 7 days of antibiotic intervention, the patient exhibited a satisfactory recovery. Clinicians need to be aware of other types of infections that might be attributed to and , in addition to urinary tract infections.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adult; Abscess; Coinfection; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Actinomycetaceae
PubMed: 38601737
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1378197 -
The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La... Jul 2024The present study reports the first isolation and whole-genome sequencing of a bacterium from a goat.
OBJECTIVE
The present study reports the first isolation and whole-genome sequencing of a bacterium from a goat.
ANIMALS AND SAMPLE
The was isolated from the uterus of a goat following an abortion.
PROCEDURE
The was identified by pure culture phenotype and MALDI-TOF analysis and further characterized by whole-genome sequencing.
RESULTS
This isolate was reliably identified as and showed similar properties to type strain DSM 19515, which was recovered from a sow following an abortion. The assembled genome of this isolate was 2 564 866 bp long with a GC content of 63.9%. A total of 30 virulence-related genes were determined, suggesting the pathogenic potential of this organism.
CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This study details the first isolation of from goats. The genotypic findings of this isolate will serve as a baseline description for any similar future studies.
Topics: Animals; Goats; Goat Diseases; Female; Whole Genome Sequencing; Actinomycetales Infections; Actinomycetaceae; Genome, Bacterial; Canada; Abortion, Veterinary; Pregnancy
PubMed: 38952754
DOI: No ID Found