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Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2023Prevalent cervical HPV infection and high-risk HPV persistence consequences have been extensively investigated in the literature; nevertheless, any causative...
Prevalent cervical HPV infection and high-risk HPV persistence consequences have been extensively investigated in the literature; nevertheless, any causative interrelations of other sexually transmitted bacterial infections (STIs) with cervical HPV infection have not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the possible association of STIs with cervical cytology aberrations and HPV genotyping results in a representative sample of predominantly young Greek women. Liquid-based cytology and molecular detection for bacterial STIs and HPV as well as extended HPV genotyping were simultaneously assessed in cervical samples from 2256 individuals visiting several urban outpatient Gynecology Departments for well-woman visits or cervical screening throughout a 20-month period. All specimens were centrally processed with validated molecular assays. The mean age of the studied women was 37.0 ± 11.7 years; 722 women (33.30%) tested positive for STI (mean age 34.23 ± 10.87 years). A higher mean age (38.34 ± 11.83 years ( < 0.05)) was associated with negative STI testing. was detected in 59 individuals (8.2%), in 156 (21.6%), in 14 (1.9%), and spp. in 555 (76.9%); infections with two bacterial pathogens were identified in 73 samples (10.1%). Cervical HPV was detected in 357 out of 1385 samples with a valid HPV typing result (25.8%). The mean age of HPV-positive women was 32.0 ± 8.4 years; individuals testing HPV-negative were slightly older (N = 1028): 34.4 ± 9.2 ( < 0.05). Among the 1371 individuals with valid results both for bacterial STIs and cervical HPV detection, women with an HPV-positive sample were more likely to harbor an STI (OR: 2.69, 95% CI 2.10-3.46, < 0.05). Interestingly, bacterial STI positivity illustrated significant heterogeneity between NILM and LSIL cases, with 28.88% of NILM and 46.33% of LSIL cases harboring an STI, respectively ( < 0.05). In brief, in a population with a high prevalence for STIs, especially spp., an association was documented between bacterial pathogen detection and cervical HPV infection, as well as abnormal cytology; these findings merit further investigation.
PubMed: 38003814
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111347 -
International Journal of STD & AIDS Apr 2024Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), but more data on extragenital carriage are needed.
BACKGROUND
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), but more data on extragenital carriage are needed.
AIM
We assessed the genital and extragenital prevalence of bacterial and other STIs in MSM in a Lisbon sexual health clinic.
METHODS
We screened oral, anal, and urine samples of MSM visiting the GAT-CheckpointLX clinic June 2017-December 2021 for (including lymphogranuloma venereum, LGV), , , , , , and . Ano-oro-genital lesions were tested for LGV, , and Herpes Simplex Virus. Blood was tested for HIV and antibodies.
RESULTS
was found in 16.6% of the MSM followed by (13.2%), (10.3%) and (0.2%). The most frequent occurrence was anorectal (, ) and oral (). We found high carriage of (36.1%) and (22.1%). LGV was detected in 21.8% of chlamydia-positive anorectal swabs. Syphilis was detected in 22.6% of tested MSM, while 13.8% had HIV. Gonorrhoea and chlamydia were significantly more prevalent in MSM with concomitant HIV or syphilis.
CONCLUSION
The substantial extragenital prevalence of bacterial STIs in MSM, and HIV and syphilis coinfections, suggest screening has value in identifying hidden carriage and in contributing for providing better care.
Topics: Male; Humans; Chlamydia trachomatis; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Homosexuality, Male; Mycoplasma genitalium; Syphilis; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Mycoplasma Infections; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Gonorrhea; Anus Diseases; Lymphogranuloma Venereum; HIV Infections; Chlamydia Infections; Prevalence
PubMed: 38166231
DOI: 10.1177/09564624231221591 -
Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue = National Journal... Jul 2023Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of urogenital ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu), Mycoplasma hominis (Mh), and Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infections on semen...
Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of urogenital ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu), Mycoplasma hominis (Mh), and Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infections on semen quality in men.Methods: In this study, 1022 males were enrolled at the Department of Reproductive Medicine, Rizhao People's Hospital, Shandong Province from October 2014 to January 2023. The participants included 393 in the infertility group, 139 in the recurrent miscarriage group, and 490 in the control group. Based on age, 852 cases were < 36 years old, and 170 cases were ≥ 36 years old. All patients underwent routine semen analysis and tests for Uu, Mh, and Ct, with results statistically analyzed for their impact on semen quality and compared among different age groups. Results: Among the 1022 patients, 344 (33.6%) were Uu-positive, 49 (4.7%) were Mh-positive, and 31 (3.0%) were Ct positive. The sperm concentration, total sperm count, forward sperm motility rate (PR), sperm motility rate (PR+NP) and normal sperm morphology rate of Uu Mh and/or Ct-positive patients were significantly lower than those of the negative group, and the overall difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The positive rate of Uu infection was 41.7% in the infertility group, 30.2% in the recurrent miscarriage group and 28.2% in the control group, and the overall positive rate of the three groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). The positive rate of Mh infection was 6.9% in the infertility group, 8.6% in the recurrent miscarriage group and 2.0% in the control group, and the overall positive rate of the three groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). The positive rate of Ct infection was 6.1% in the infertility group, 2.9% in the recurrent miscarriage group and 0.6% in the control group, and the overall positive rate of the three groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). The positivity rate of Uu infection was 35.8% at the age of <36 years and 22.9% at the age ≥ 36 years, and there was a statistically significant difference in the positivity rate between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of Uu infection in the male urogenital tract is significantly higher than that of Mh and Ct, which is the main pathogen of urogenital tract infection in men. Uu, Mh and Ct infections have adverse effects on sperm concentration, total sperm count, sperm forward motility rate (PR), sperm motility rate (PR+NP) and normal sperm morphology rate, which will lead to a decrease in semen quality and affect male fertility. Genital tract infections are closely related to age, and the prevalence of Uu infection is higher in the younger age group.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Adult; Mycoplasma; Semen Analysis; Semen; Sperm Motility; Mycoplasma hominis; Chlamydia Infections; Abortion, Habitual; Infertility; Fertility
PubMed: 38619413
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023The protozoan parasite is the most common cellular sexually transmitted disease in humans, and the closely related species is an avian parasite of ecological and...
INTRODUCTION
The protozoan parasite is the most common cellular sexually transmitted disease in humans, and the closely related species is an avian parasite of ecological and economic importance. Phylogenetic evidence suggests arose during bird to human transmission of a -like ancestor. shares a strong clinical association with the independent sexually transmitted pathogen (formerly ) , and the uncultured bacterium " Malacoplasma (formerly ) girerdii," with the latter association being an order of magnitude stronger. Both bacterial species have been shown to profoundly influence growth, energy production and virulence-associated mechanisms.
METHODS
Evidence for a novel sp. was discovered by Illumina metatranscriptomics sequencing of the -infected pigeon mouth. We leveraged published 16S rDNA profiling data from digestive tract of 12 healthy and 24 -infected pigeons to investigate association between the novel sp. and . We utilised Illumina metagenomics sequencing targeted to pigeon oral and crop samples infected with the novel sp. to generate its full-length genome sequence. Sequence similarity network analysis was used to compare annotated proteins from the novel sp. with a range of other related species.
RESULTS
Here we present evidence for a novel species, related to " M. girerdii," that is strongly associated with in the upper digestive tract of domestic pigeons. Analysis of the genome sequence revealed gene features apparently specific to a -symbiotic lineage.
DISCUSSION
These data support a model of long-term association between and spp. that has been conserved across diversification of the lineage and the host species barrier from birds to human.
PubMed: 37808290
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1242275 -
Journal of Infection in Developing... Feb 2024Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma parvum have been recently linked to sexually transmitted diseases and other conditions. There are a limited number of studies conducted...
INTRODUCTION
Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma parvum have been recently linked to sexually transmitted diseases and other conditions. There are a limited number of studies conducted on South African pregnant women that have assessed the prevalence and risk factors for genital mycoplasmas.
METHODOLOGY
This study included 264 HIV infected pregnant women attending the King Edward VIII antenatal clinic in eThekwini, South Africa. DNA was extracted using the PureLink Microbiome kit and pathogens were detected using the TaqMan Real-time PCR assays. The statistical data analysis was conducted in a freely available Statistical Computing Environment, R software, version 3.6.3 using the RStudio platform.
RESULTS
The prevalence of M. hominis and U. parvum, was 215/264 (81.4%), and 203/264 (76.9%), respectively. In the M. hominis positive group, a significantly (p = 0.004) higher proportion, 80.5% tested positive for U. parvum infection when compared to 61.2% among the M. hominis negative. Of the U. parvum positive women, a significantly (p = 0.004) higher proportion of women (85.2%) tested positive for M. hominis when compared to 68.9% among the U. parvum negative. In the unadjusted and adjusted analysis, being M. hominis positive increased the risk for U. parvum by approximately 3 times more (p = 0.014) and 4-fold (p = 0.008), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed a significant link between M. hominis and U. parvum infection. To date, there are a limited number of studies that have investigated M. hominisbeing a risk factor for U. parvum infection. Therefore, the data presented in the current study now fills in this gap in the literature.
Topics: Humans; Female; Pregnancy; Mycoplasma hominis; Pregnant Women; HIV; Mycoplasma Infections; Ureaplasma; Ureaplasma Infections; Ureaplasma urealyticum
PubMed: 38484352
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.17316 -
Investigative and Clinical Urology Mar 2024Non-gonococcal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) include chlamydia, syphilis, and chancroids. Chlamydia is the most common STI caused by and is mainly transmitted... (Review)
Review
2023 Korean sexually transmitted infections guidelines for non-gonococcal bacterial infection (chlamydia, syphilis, etc.) by the Korean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and Inflammation.
Non-gonococcal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) include chlamydia, syphilis, and chancroids. Chlamydia is the most common STI caused by and is mainly transmitted through sexual intercourse or vertical transmission at birth. Although symptoms are mostly absent or mild, untreated chlamydial infections in females can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility due to the narrowing of fallopian tubes. Syphilis is caused by and is divided into phase I, phase II, latent syphilis, and phase III. The incidence of syphilis, including congenital syphilis, has significantly increased in the United States in recent years. The chronic status of this disease can significantly increase morbidity and potentially affect almost all body organs, which, in rare cases, can lead to death. Additionally, untreated maternal syphilis can lead to fetal death and fatal congenital infections in newborns. Chancroid is an STI caused by , and its prevalence is gradually decreasing in Korea and worldwide. The symptoms include shallow genital ulcers with suppurative granulomatous inflammation and tender inguinal lymphadenopathy. Chancroids can be differentiated from syphilitic chancres based on their appearance. In contrast to painless chancres, chancroids are painful. , , and are considered symbiotic bacteria. Infections caused by these bacteria are usually not considered STIs and do not require treatment unless they are suspected of being associated with infertility. This article presents the 2023 Korean STI guidelines for non-gonococcal bacterial infections.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Bacterial Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Infertility; Inflammation; Republic of Korea; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Syphilis
PubMed: 38454820
DOI: 10.4111/icu.20230322 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... Jul 2023Background Bacterial vaginosis is a common vaginal syndrome among females, which leads to significant morbidity and complications, if left untreated. The association of...
Background Bacterial vaginosis is a common vaginal syndrome among females, which leads to significant morbidity and complications, if left untreated. The association of bacterial vaginosis with various sexually transmitted infections has been mentioned in previous literature. However, studies on the intermediate Nugent Score are lacking. This study was planned to examine the association of sexually transmitted infections with the intermediate Nugent Score. Materials and Methods The study included was conducted to include females presenting with vaginal discharge, burning micturition, itching, lower abdominal pain and infertility. The Nugent scoring was used to categorize patients into those having normal flora, intermediate or bacterial vaginosis. Conventional and molecular techniques targeting Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, Syphilis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and vulvovaginal candidiasis were performed. Results A total of 3,531 clinical samples were collected from females with a median age of 28.0 years. The number of patients with bacterial vaginosis and intermediate Nugent Score and positive cases were significantly higher in the 21-35 years age group (P < 0.0001). We observed that the likelihood of test results being positive for Trichomonas vaginalis was higher (P < 0.05), as the abnormality of the vaginal flora increased. Mycoplasma hominis was observed to be significantly higher in the intermediate Nugent Score group than the BV-positive patients (0.6 vs 0.2, P = 0.002). The number of vulvovaginal candidiasis cases in both the bacterial vaginosis-negative and bacterial vaginosis-positive groups were nearly the same (9.3 vs 9.8%). Limitation Individual follow-up couldn't be performed on the patients. Conclusion We observed that the dysbiosis in vaginal microbiota, with an increase in Nugent scoring, was significantly associated with an increased risk for the acquisition of sexually transmitted infections and vulvovaginal candidiasis.
PubMed: 37609747
DOI: 10.25259/IJDVL_775_2022 -
The Journal of Heart and Lung... Jan 2024Urogenital Mollicutes, that is, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma spp., can colonize the urogenital tract. While urogenital colonization is frequent, infections are rare... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Urogenital Mollicutes, that is, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma spp., can colonize the urogenital tract. While urogenital colonization is frequent, infections are rare but should not be missed. Furthermore, extragenital infections are even rarer. Over the past years, they have been increasingly documented as a cause of hyperammonemia syndrome (HS) and post-surgical infections. We review the literature on studies focused on post-surgical infections and HS involving urogenital Mollicutes after thoracic surgery including lung (LTR) and heart (HTR) transplantation.
METHODS
A systematic review was performed by searching PubMed/Medline case reports, case series, cohort studies, and clinical trials. Cases of infections and HS by urogenital Mollicutes after HTR and LTR transplantations were reported.
RESULTS
Overall, urogenital Mollicutes were associated with 15 HS, 31 infections in HTR and LTR, and 18 post-thoracic surgical infections in another context. Post-surgical infections were reported in all contexts. They were mainly due to M hominis, the only species that could cultivate on standard enriched agar forming pinpoint colonies after 3-5 days of incubation. Microbiologists should be prompted to pinpoint colonies even if the examination of Gram-staining is negative. The patients' management required surgical treatment and antimicrobials, almost always tetracyclines and/or fluoroquinolones. Conversely, HS occurred almost exclusively in bilateral LTR and is more likely due to Ureaplasma spp. As Ureaplasma spp. do not cultivate on standard media, the microbiological diagnosis was performed using molecular methods.
CONCLUSIONS
Infections involving urogenital Mollicute should be considered in LTR with HS. The overall rate of mortality is high and might be due in part to delay in etiologic diagnosis. Post-surgical infections were reported in all contexts. The route of contamination with Mollicutes remains unknown in HTR and non-transplant surgery, but evidence of transmission from donors has been documented for LTR.
Topics: Humans; Thoracic Surgery; Tenericutes; Ureaplasma; Heart Transplantation; Lung
PubMed: 37797819
DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.09.023 -
Peritonsillar abscess caused by Mycoplasma hominis and Fusobacterium necrophorum following oral sex.Auris, Nasus, Larynx Apr 2024Mycoplasma hominis is a bacterium that colonizes the genital tract of some females and males, as well as their respiratory tracts. Although only two cases of deep neck...
Mycoplasma hominis is a bacterium that colonizes the genital tract of some females and males, as well as their respiratory tracts. Although only two cases of deep neck infection have been reported, the associations between the onset and sexual intercourse have not been reported. A healthy 19-year-old female was diagnosed with a left peritonsillar abscess. The patient had sexual intercourse with a new partner, including oral sex, two days prior to symptom onset. It was not known whether the male partner had urethritis symptoms. M. hominis and Fusobacterium necrophorum were isolated from the abscess culture. The patient's condition improved after drainage, and sulbactam ampicillin was switched to oral clindamycin.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Young Adult; Adult; Peritonsillar Abscess; Fusobacterium necrophorum; Mycoplasma hominis; Fusobacterium Infections; Sexual Behavior; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 38042699
DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2023.10.004 -
Heliyon Jan 2024() commonly colonizes the genitourinary tract of adult women and may result in neonatal meningitis through vertical transmission. Although there are few case reports,...
BACKGROUND
() commonly colonizes the genitourinary tract of adult women and may result in neonatal meningitis through vertical transmission. Although there are few case reports, if the treatment is not conducted timely, the disease progresses rapidly, which may lead to serious complications and a poor prognosis.
CASE PRESENTATION
In the present study, a 10-day-old full-term neonate who presented with fever as the initial symptom and was eventually diagnosed with meningitis caused by was reported. In the present case, the pathogen was not detected during the initial routine investigations, and the therapeutic effects of empiric antibiotic therapy were poor. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was conducted with the detection of , and the antibiotics were adjusted to moxifloxacin combined with doxycycline. The clinical symptoms of the pediatric patient disappeared with an improvement in related laboratory results.
CONCLUSION
It was difficult to detect by routine bacterial culture. Therefore, infection should be checked for in children with meningitis who had a negative result in CSF culture and poor therapeutic effects of empirical medication. mNGS in CSF should be conducted as soon as possible, and sensitive antibiotics should be administered in time to reduce the incidence of complications and improve the prognosis.
PubMed: 38192762
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23489