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International Journal For Parasitology.... Apr 2024Endangered Przewalski's horses have faced severe infections from (Diptera, Gastrophilidae) in Xinjiang's Kalamaili Nature Reserve (KNR). This study examines 's...
Endangered Przewalski's horses have faced severe infections from (Diptera, Gastrophilidae) in Xinjiang's Kalamaili Nature Reserve (KNR). This study examines 's development and infection patterns in embryonic and larval stages, crucial for understanding horse botfly disease in desert grasslands. For the incubation of fertilized eggs, we established the six distinct temperature gradients: 16 °C, 20 °C, 24 °C, 28 °C, 30 °C, and 32 °C. Using the least squares method, we calculated the correlation between the developmental threshold temperature of the eggs and their cumulative effective temperature. Furthermore, we meticulously recorded the survival duration of the larvae across a spectrum of temperature gradients (-20 °C, -10 °C, 4 °C, 10 °C, 20 °C, and 30 °C) and under varying conditions (dark and light). This method allows us to analyze and interpret the impact of these environmental factors on larval survival durations. 1) The formula for predicting the embryonic development period of was N = (182.7 ± 12.03)/[T-(3.191 ± 1.48)], where the developmental threshold temperature was 3.191 ± 1.48 °C, and the effective accumulated temperature was 182.7 ± 12.03 d°C 2) The model describing the relationship between the embryonic development rate and temperature was: y = 0.0001x+0.0007x+0.0378, demonstrating a positive correlation between the development rate and temperature (R-sq = 0.989, p < 0.001). 3) Larvae in the dark group exhibited a longer survival time, with the longest being 9 months at 4 °C. The adaptation of 's embryonic development to cold temperature, combined with the extended survival period of larvae in the egg state, significantly increases the infection potential of in colder climates. This discovery offers essential insights into the predominance of in the KNR region and provides a crucial biological basis for the prevention of myiasis and the conservation of vulnerable species, such as Przewalski's horses.
PubMed: 38419737
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100917 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Jan 2024
Topics: Humans; Animals; Myiasis; Skin; Africa South of the Sahara; Larva; Travel
PubMed: 37121746
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1892-23 -
Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences... Jan 2024<b>Background and Objective:</b> <i>Chrysomya albiceps</i> is widely spread worldwide, causing myiasis in both humans and animals and playing a...
<b>Background and Objective:</b> <i>Chrysomya albiceps</i> is widely spread worldwide, causing myiasis in both humans and animals and playing a mechanical role in the spreading of helminths, viruses and bacteria. Searching for new and safe alternative control methods is very important to eliminate the transmission of pathogens. This study aims to determine the oviposition-deterrent activity of <i>Juniperus procera</i>, <i>Artemisia absinthium</i>, <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> and <i>Hypoestes forskaolii</i> wild plants against adult <i>Chrysomya albiceps</i>. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The effect of plant extracts from <i>Juniperus procera</i>, <i>Artemisia absinthium</i>, <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> and <i>Hypoestes forskaolii</i> plants were tested against adult females of <i>Chrysomya albiceps</i> for oviposition deterrent or repellency. These extracts resulted in oviposition deterrent efficacy for adult females of <i>C. albiceps</i> based on the plant type, plant part (leaves or stems), extract type (methanol, acetone and petroleum ether) and tested dose. <b>Results:</b> The highest anti-oviposition activity against <i>C. albiceps</i> females presented from <i>A. absinthium</i> stems acetone extract at a dose of 1 mg cm<sup>2</sup> by 100 %, while at 0.5 mg cm<sup>2</sup> recorded remarkable repellency by 86.7% as compared with the control treatment. According to the dose-response relationship, <i>A. absinthium</i> methanol and acetone extracts were ED<sub>50</sub> values of 0.85, 0.319 mg cm<sup>2</sup> (leaves) and 1.88, 0.576 mg cm<sup>2</sup> (stems), followed by <i>J. procera</i> methanol extract by 0.983 mg cm<sup>2</sup> (leaves) and 0.98 mg cm<sup>2</sup> (stems), respectively achieved highest oviposition deterrent efficiency as compared with other extracts. <b>Conclusion:</b> The high repellency activities of these extracts can be utilized to stop <i>C. albiceps</i> flies from laying eggs on wounds and transmitting myiasis diseases to humans and animals and could potentially replace pesticides used in the future control programs of flies.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Female; Oviposition; Plant Extracts; Methanol; Acetone; Diptera; Insect Repellents; Myiasis; Dental Porcelain; Titanium; Metal Ceramic Alloys
PubMed: 38413393
DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2024.8.17 -
Cureus Jul 2023Oral myiasis, a rare condition caused by the infestation of live maggots in the oral cavity, can present unique challenges in immunocompromised individuals. This case...
Oral myiasis, a rare condition caused by the infestation of live maggots in the oral cavity, can present unique challenges in immunocompromised individuals. This case report presents a unique case of oral myiasis in an immunocompromised adult undergoing chemotherapy. A 67-year-old female suffering from metastatic carcinoma of the ovary was undergoing chemotherapy treatment at the time of presentation. Prompt diagnosis and management, including larval removal, wound care, and systemic antibiotics, were initiated. This case highlights the susceptibility of immunocompromised individuals to uncommon complications, such as oral myiasis, due to their compromised immune system. It also emphasizes the need for heightened vigilance in the oral care and monitoring of immunocompromised patients undergoing chemotherapy, as well as the importance of early intervention to prevent potential complications associated with oral myiasis. In this article, we have also included a comprehensive treatment protocol for treating this condition based on our clinical experience.
PubMed: 37637591
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42555 -
Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery Sep 2023A 19-year-old male ostrich () was referred to a veterinary teaching hospital (São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil) due to a 6-month history of recurrent...
A 19-year-old male ostrich () was referred to a veterinary teaching hospital (São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil) due to a 6-month history of recurrent prolapse of the phallus. On physical examination, 2 ulcerative wounds were present on the phallus, as well as caseous plaques and myiasis. Conservative treatment resulted in improvement but prolapse of the phallus remained. Thus, a decision was made to perform a partial phallectomy. The surgery was successful and no postoperative complications occurred. When the ostrich was reexamined 6 months postsurgery, the ostrich was alert, in good health, and the surgical site completely healed. The owner verbally reported no recurrence of the phallus prolapse 1 year after surgery.
Topics: Animals; Male; Struthioniformes; Brazil; Hospitals, Animal; Hospitals, Teaching; Amputation, Surgical
PubMed: 37733458
DOI: 10.1647/20-00088 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Dec 2023We describe a case of nasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a 79-year-old Chinese patient accompany with nasal myiasis. The first 2 biopsies in this case were false negative....
We describe a case of nasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a 79-year-old Chinese patient accompany with nasal myiasis. The first 2 biopsies in this case were false negative. Subsequently, nasal maggots developed in this patient. After removing all maggots under nasal endoscopy, the patient continued to have recurrent fever and was transferred to a higher hospital for further treatment, in which he received a third biopsy. Unfortunately, several hours after the biopsy, the patient died for severe nasal bleeding. The final biopsy result indicated the neoplasm of the left nasal cavity was non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. This case illustrates the importance of repeated biopsies for nasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma if necessary. Nasal myiasis is a secondary disease of nasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in this case.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Hodgkin Disease; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Myiasis
PubMed: 34233486
DOI: 10.1177/01455613211031024 -
Homeopathy : the Journal of the Faculty... Sep 2023Myiasis by (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is a serious problem in animal health. Homeopathic presents similarity with the clinical presentation verified in these cases...
BACKGROUND
Myiasis by (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is a serious problem in animal health. Homeopathic presents similarity with the clinical presentation verified in these cases and has already shown efficacy on the blowfly that causes this pathology. This article presents the report of a series of clinical cases of myiasis by in sheep that underwent adjuvant treatment with homeopathic and presents a theoretical-scientific discussion of biological events related to the clinical treatment of the condition.
PATIENTS
Seven naturally occurring myiases affecting sheep from an experimental farm were treated by an ointment impregnated with the homeopathic medicine 12cH, used as adjuvant after the manual removal of accessible larvae from the wound during wound cleaning. The animals were treated daily and evaluated clinically until complete healing of the lesions. Clinical information on the evolution of the inflammatory and scarring process was collected. Blood counts and bacteriological examinations were performed before and after topical homeopathic treatment.
RESULTS
The homeopathic ointment 12cH was able to inhibit the development of parasitic larvae and promote tissue repair and healing in naturally occurring myiasis in the sheep of this study.
CONCLUSION
The homeopathic medicine , formulated as an ointment, may be a useful new and adjuvant therapeutic option for treating myiasis in animals.
PubMed: 37758190
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1770360 -
Journal of Insect Science (Online) Sep 2023Ham products play a fundamental role in the Italian economy, and attention to the problems of this sector is essential. The products of this sector can be attacked by...
Evaluation of Pachycrepoideus vindemiae and Muscidifurax raptor (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) as biological control agents of Piophila casei (Diptera: Piophilidae) in ham production facilities.
Ham products play a fundamental role in the Italian economy, and attention to the problems of this sector is essential. The products of this sector can be attacked by parasites, which can cause direct and indirect damage. Piophila casei (L.) (Diptera: Piophilidae) a cheese and meat parasite, is currently responsible for hygiene problems in ham factories. The trophic activity of this pest on the products causes serious direct damage and it is a vector of various bacteria, including Clostridium botulinum. Another risk is human ingestion of the larvae, which are resistant to gastric juices action, potentially causing intestinal myiasis. Insecticide use of any type is not allowed in aging rooms, so biological control can represent a potential alternative. In this study, we investigate quality parameters such as successful rate of parasitism (SP), degree of parasitism (DP), sex-ratio (SR), life-span (LS), and emergence rates (ER) of 2 pupal parasitoids of Diptera: Pachycrepoideus vindemiae (Rondani) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), currently the only known pupal parasitoid of P. casei, and Muscidifurax raptor (Girault and Sanders) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). Our research confirmed P. vindemiae efficacy to parasitize P. casei and reported, for the first time, M. raptor as a pupal parasitoid of this Piophilidae. ER for both parasitoids were low, thus affecting the DP and SP estimations. This could be explained by the feeding behavior of the parasitoid host. The strongly female-biased SR for P. vindemiae supported previous studies. LS results in our experiment are crucial for determining the timing of release.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Female; Diptera; Hymenoptera; Biological Control Agents; Larva; Feeding Behavior
PubMed: 37721495
DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iead067 -
Oxford Medical Case Reports Nov 2023Myiasis is defined as the infestation of any part of the body by fly larvae. It is particularly common in tropical and subtropical regions. Cutaneous myiasis is the most...
Myiasis is defined as the infestation of any part of the body by fly larvae. It is particularly common in tropical and subtropical regions. Cutaneous myiasis is the most common manifestation of this infestation. Here, we report a 21-year-old Syrian female who presented with a 10-day history of painful 2 ulcer-like lesions on her scalp and was diagnosed with furuncular myiasis, which included more than 20 larvae. The patient had no history of international travel to myiasis-endemic areas before the onset of the lesions. She probably acquired the infestation while visiting a cattle farm located in a rural region east of Hama governorate. Seborrheic dermatitis developed on her scalp after the myiasis treatment was performed.
PubMed: 38033409
DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omad126 -
The British Journal of Dermatology Mar 2024
Topics: Animals; Humans; Myiasis; Diptera; Travel
PubMed: 38123139
DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljad524