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Acta Biomaterialia Oct 2023Titanium (Ti) and Ti alloys are commonly used in dental implants, which have good biocompatibility, mechanical strength, processability, and corrosion resistance.... (Review)
Review
Titanium (Ti) and Ti alloys are commonly used in dental implants, which have good biocompatibility, mechanical strength, processability, and corrosion resistance. However, the surface inertia of Ti implants leads to delayed integration of Ti and new bone, as well as problems such as aseptic loosening and inadequate osseointegration. Magnesium (Mg) ions can promote bone regeneration, and many studies have used Mg-containing materials to modify the Ti implant surface. This systematic review summarizes the methods, effects, and clinical applications of surface modification of Ti implants with Mg-containing coatings. Database collection was completed on Janury 1, 2023, and a total of 29 relevant studies were ultimately included. Mg can be compounded with different materials and coated to the surface of Ti implants using different methods. In vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that Mg-containing coatings promote cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. On the one hand, the surface roughness of implants increases with the addition of Mg-containing coatings, which is thought to have an impact on the osseointegration of the implant. On the other hand, Mg ions promote cell attachment through binding interactions between the integrin family and FAK-related signaling pathways. And Mg ions could induce osseointegration by activating PI3K, Notch, ERK/c-Fos, BMP-4-related signaling pathways and TRPM7 protein channels. Overall, Mg-based coatings show great potential for the surface modification of Ti implants to promote osseointegration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The inertia surface of titanium (Ti) implants leads to delayed osseointegration. Magnesium (Mg) ions, known for promoting bone regeneration, have been extensively studied to modify the surface of Ti implants. However, no consensus has been reached on the appropriate processing methods, surface roughness and effective concentration of Mg-containing coatings for osseointegration. This systematic review focus on the surface modification of Ti implants with Mg-containing compounds, highlighting the effects of Mg-containing coatings on the surface properties of Ti implants and its associated mechanisms. Besides, we also provide an outlook on future directions to promote the clinical application of Mg-modified implants.
Topics: Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Ions; Magnesium; Osseointegration; Osteogenesis; Surface Properties; Titanium
PubMed: 37517617
DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.07.048 -
Strategies in Trauma and Limb... 2023Osseointegration (OI) limb has been performed for over 30 years and is an example of an advance in technology and surgical technique which has led to improvements in...
BACKGROUND
Osseointegration (OI) limb has been performed for over 30 years and is an example of an advance in technology and surgical technique which has led to improvements in patient mobility and quality of life. An increasing number of patients seek information about osseointegration. The aim of this study was to categorise the most frequently asked questions by patients using the Google search engine and the most frequently accessed websites with the highest return on answers. The secondary aims of this study were to assess the quality of the information provided on those websites and to stratify, by category, which websites provide the best quality information.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ten permutations and conjugations of the word 'osseointegration' were entered into Google. The first fifty 'People also ask' and associated websites by Google's machine learning and natural language processing engine were collected for each search term. The Rothwell classification system of questions by topic (Fact, Value, Policy) and websites by category was used (Commercial, Academic, Medical Practice, Single Surgeon Personal, Government, Social Media). Website quality was assessed using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria (Likert-style rating 0-4). Pearson's Chi-squared and Student's -tests were performed for statistical analysis as appropriate (significance, < 0.05).
RESULTS
The 10 search terms generated 454 questions and referenced 408 websites. Of the 454 questions generated, the most common question categories were fact (70.8%), value (19.2%), and policy (10%). The most common website type was social media (37.4%). The most common question types were technical details (30.4%), specific activity (20.6%), and cost (14.1%). Only 1.6% of questions related to risks and complications. Generally, website quality was poor with 64.1% having a JAMA score of 0 or 1. Websites that were categorised as 'Government' had the highest overall JAMA scores: 71.4% had a score of 4.
CONCLUSION
Based on Google search engine's results, the most commonly asked questions about osteointegration related to technical details, specific activities and cost; only 1.6% related to risks and complications. Interestingly, social media websites represented the highest volume of search result referrals. Overall, the quality of websites was poor with the most factual information coming from governmental websites.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Murphy EP, Sheridan GA, Page BJ, . Modern Internet Search Analytics and Osseointegration: What Are Patients Asking and Reading Online? Strategies Trauma Limb Reconstr 2023;18(3):163-168.
PubMed: 38404563
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10080-1603 -
Cureus Aug 2023Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a very powerful biomaterial that is increasingly used in dentistry. It has superior properties, which make it desirable in implantology.... (Review)
Review
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a very powerful biomaterial that is increasingly used in dentistry. It has superior properties, which make it desirable in implantology. The applications of PEEK include finger prosthesis, RPD and FPD framework, and dental implants. Changes in the production of polyketone-based materials have been made to ensure consistent production of polymers for medical applications. PEEK is a high-performance semicrystalline material that has physical properties such as high resilience and strength. It is a tooth-colored material, making it desirable for its aesthetic appearance. Traditional manufacturing methods like injection molding, extrusion, and compression molding are used for PEEK. Despite the high price of the polymer, the additional value that PEEK materials bring by offering the possibility of manufacturing parts include lightweight, strength or toughness and able to survive longer in harsh environments. PEEK has trauma or shock cancelling abilities, fracture resisting abilities, stress distributing ability, osseointegrating abilities, With such great qualities PEEK has an increased demand in the market, and this biomaterial never failes to surprise with its amazing success rate. Even in dentistry PEEK has a wide range of applications which includes, as a dental implants biomaterial, prosthetic material, abutment material, post and core material, crowns, removable partial denture framework. With such a huge range of applications PEEK is said to have been providing an all in one package for dentistry. PEEK biomaterial shows great compatibility with bioactive materials which has proven to be of great help to mankind as not only it is involved in life sciences but also in automotives and aerodynamics as well. The main motto of this review is to know the qualities and the properties of PEEK as a capable implant prosthesis for its application focusing on dental implants. This review tells us about the challenges faced when using this material and benefits and advantages of this biomaterial.
PubMed: 37779776
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44307 -
Biomaterials Dec 2023Diabetic infectious microenvironment (DIME) frequently leads to a critical failure of osseointegration by virtue of its main peculiarities including typical...
Diabetic infectious microenvironment (DIME) frequently leads to a critical failure of osseointegration by virtue of its main peculiarities including typical hyperglycemia and pathogenic infection around implants. To address the plaguing issue, we devise a glucose-primed orthopedic implant composed of polyetheretherketone (PEEK), Cu-chelated metal-polyphenol network (hauberk coating) and glucose oxidase (GOx) for boosting diabetic osseointegration. Upon DIME, GOx on implants sostenuto consumes glucose to generate HO, and Cu liberated from hauberk coating catalyzes the HO to highly germicidal •OH, which massacres pathogenic bacteria through photo-augmented chemodynamic therapy. Intriguingly, the catalytic efficiency of the coating gets greatly improved with the turnover number (TON) of 0.284 s. Moreover, the engineered implants exhibit satisfactory cytocompatibility and facilitate osteogenicity due to the presence of Cu and osteopromotive polydopamine coating. RNA-seq analysis reveals that the implants enable to combat infections and suppress pro-inflammatory phenotype (M1). Besides, in vivo evaluations utilizing infected diabetic rat bone defect models at week 4 and 8 authenticate that the engineered implants considerably elevate osseointegration through pathogen elimination, inflammation dampening and osteogenesis promotion. Altogether, our present study puts forward a conceptually new tactic that arms orthopedic implants with glucose-primed antibacterial and osteogenic capacities for intractable diabetic osseointegration.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Osseointegration; Glucose; Hydrogen Peroxide; Polyethylene Glycols; Benzophenones; Ketones; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Osteogenesis; Diabetes Mellitus; Surface Properties
PubMed: 37948855
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122355 -
International Journal of Oral Science Jan 2024Diabetes has long been considered a risk factor in implant therapy and impaired wound healing in soft and hard oral tissues. Magnesium has been proved to promote bone...
Diabetes has long been considered a risk factor in implant therapy and impaired wound healing in soft and hard oral tissues. Magnesium has been proved to promote bone healing under normal conditions. Here, we elucidate the mechanism by which Mg promotes angiogenesis and osseointegration in diabetic status. We generated a diabetic mice model and demonstrated the alveolar bone healing was compromised, with significantly decreased angiogenesis. We then developed Mg-coating implants with hydrothermal synthesis. These implants successfully improved the vascularization and osseointegration in diabetic status. Mechanically, Mg promoted the degradation of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and the nucleation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) by up-regulating the expression of sestrin 2 (SESN2) in endothelial cells, thus reducing the elevated levels of oxidative stress in mitochondria and relieving endothelial cell dysfunction under hyperglycemia. Altogether, our data suggested that Mg promoted angiogenesis and osseointegration in diabetic mice by regulating endothelial mitochondrial metabolism.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1; Magnesium; Osseointegration; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Endothelial Cells; NF-E2-Related Factor 2
PubMed: 38296940
DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00271-y -
Advanced Healthcare Materials Nov 2023Previous parathyroid hormone (PTH)-related peptides (PTHrPs) cannot be used to prevent implant loosening in osteoporosis patients due to the catabolic effect of local...
Previous parathyroid hormone (PTH)-related peptides (PTHrPs) cannot be used to prevent implant loosening in osteoporosis patients due to the catabolic effect of local sustained release. A novel PTHrP (PTHrP-2) that can be used locally to promote osseointegration of macroporous titanium alloy scaffold (mTAS) and counteract implant slippage in osteoporosis patients is designed. In vitro, PTHrP-2 enhances the proliferation, adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) within the mTAS. Further, it promotes proliferation, migration, angiogenesis-related protein expression, and angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Compared to PTH(1-34), PTHrP-2 can partially weaken the osteoclast differentiation of RAW 264.7 cells. Even in an oxidative stress microenvironment, PTHrP-2 safeguards the proliferation and migration of BMSCs and HUVECs, reduces reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial damage, and partially preserves the angiogenesis of HUVECs. In the Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat osteoporosis model, the therapeutic benefits of PTHrP-2-releasing mTAS (mTAS ) and ordinary mTAS implanted for 12 weeks via micro-CT, sequential fluorescent labeling, and histology are compared. The results demonstrate that mTAS exhibits high bone growth rate, without osteophyte formation. Consequently, PTHrP-2 exhibits unique local synthesis properties and holds the potential for assisting the osseointegration of alloy implants in osteoporosis patients.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Humans; Osseointegration; Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein; Titanium; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Osteogenesis; Alloys; Endothelial Cells; Osteoporosis; Printing, Three-Dimensional
PubMed: 37584445
DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301604 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Oct 2023Knowledge of the effectiveness of hydroxyapatite coatings on the surface of titanium dental implants is lacking because of difficulties in standardizing their thickness,... (Review)
Review
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Knowledge of the effectiveness of hydroxyapatite coatings on the surface of titanium dental implants is lacking because of difficulties in standardizing their thickness, roughness, and effect on osseointegration. The selection of articles describing this coating in osseointegration will be of great relevance to implant dentistry.
PURPOSE
This systematic review aimed to answer the question, "How effective is hydroxyapatite on titanium surfaces for osseointegration?"
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines were followed, and the protocol was registered on the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) database (CRD42023422601). The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched, and articles were selected manually in 2 steps by 2 blinded investigators according to the previously selected eligibility criteria. The risk of bias was assessed using the systematic review center for laboratory animal experimentation (SYRCLE) tool.
RESULTS
Initially, 671 results were found. After analysis of eligibility criteria and full reading, 15 articles were included in the present review. Of these, 12 reported favorable osseointegration results for hydroxyapatite-coated surfaces, and 3 found no significant long-term difference between the coated and uncoated groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Hydroxyapatite surface treatment is effective in the osseointegration of titanium dental implants because it favors the absorption of proteins, adhesion, and proliferation of bone cells when obtained by methods that ensure proper adhesion. (J Prosthet Dent xxxx;xxx:xxx-xxx).
PubMed: 37845113
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.09.019 -
Connective Tissue Research Jan 2024To summarize and discuss macrophage properties and their roles and mechanisms in the process of osseointegration in a comprehensive manner, and to provide theoretical... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE/AIM OF THE STUDY
To summarize and discuss macrophage properties and their roles and mechanisms in the process of osseointegration in a comprehensive manner, and to provide theoretical support and research direction for future implant surface modification efforts.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Based on relevant high-quality articles, this article reviews the role of macrophages in various stages of osseointegration and methods of implant modification.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
Macrophages not only promote osseointegration through immunomodulation, but also secrete a variety of cytokines, which play a key role in the angiogenic and osteogenic phases of osseointegration. There is no "good" or "bad" difference between the M1 and M2 phenotypes of macrophages, but their timely presence and sequential switching play a crucial role in implant osseointegration. In the implant surface modification strategy, the induction of sequential activation of the M1 and M2 phenotypes of macrophages is a brighter prospect for implant surface modification than inducing the polarization of macrophages to the M1 or M2 phenotypes individually, which is a promising pathway to enhance the effect of osseointegration and increase the success rate of implant surgery.
Topics: Osseointegration; Macrophages; Cytokines; Prostheses and Implants; Osteogenesis; Titanium; Surface Properties
PubMed: 38166507
DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2023.2300455 -
Cureus May 2024Prosthodontics, which is removable and fixed, is the branch dealing with the replacement of missing teeth. Implant therapy is the popular treatment modality and... (Review)
Review
Prosthodontics, which is removable and fixed, is the branch dealing with the replacement of missing teeth. Implant therapy is the popular treatment modality and commonly preferred treatment option by many patients and clinicians for missing teeth in recent years. Primary implant stability (PIS) is one of the crucial factors for osseointegration. It has been considered a crucial factor in the success of implants. Moreover, several factors influence PIS. On the other hand, both secondary implant stability and osseointegration are influenced by the PIS. Bone density, bone volume, bone-to-implant contact, and other factors that enhance or degrade the primary stability. Certain host sites such as the maxillary posterior region demand more dense bone to achieve desired results as they are the low-density areas of the jaw. So, a new promising and growing innovative concept of osseodensification (OD) offers a great solution with multiple benefits and desirable results. This review article aims to enlighten the multiple benefits of OD technique and their mechanism of action.
PubMed: 38872641
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60255 -
Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces Dec 2023Preventing bacterial infection and promoting osseointegration are essential for the long-term success of titanium (Ti) implants. In this study, we developed a...
Preventing bacterial infection and promoting osseointegration are essential for the long-term success of titanium (Ti) implants. In this study, we developed a multifunctional nanocoating on Ti mini-implants to simultaneously address these challenges. The nanocoating consists of self-assembled antimicrobial peptides GL13K and silver nanoparticles, referred to as Ag-GL. Our results showed that the Ag-GL coating did not alter the surface morphology of the mini-implants. Ag-GL coated mini-implants demonstrated a two orders of magnitude reduction in colony-forming unit (CFU) values compared to the noncoated eTi group, resulting in minimal inflammation and no apparent bone destruction in a bacterial infection in vivo model. When evaluating osseointegration properties, micro-CT analysis, histomorphometric analysis, and pull-out tests revealed that the Ag-GL coating significantly enhanced osseointegration and promoted new bone formation in vivo.
Topics: Humans; Osseointegration; Titanium; Metal Nanoparticles; Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Surface Properties; Silver; Bacterial Infections
PubMed: 37913704
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113604