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Journal of Agricultural and Food... Sep 2023While photodynamic inactivation (PDI) has emerged as a novel sterilization strategy for drinking water treatment that recently attracted tremendous attention, its...
While photodynamic inactivation (PDI) has emerged as a novel sterilization strategy for drinking water treatment that recently attracted tremendous attention, its efficiency needs to be further improved. In this study, we aimed to clarify the ultraefficient mechanism by which potassium iodide (KI) potentiates octyl gallate (OG)-mediated PDI against bacteria and biofilms in water. When OG (0.15 mM) and bacteria were exposed to blue light (BL, 420 nm, 210 mW/cm), complete sterilization (>7.5 Log cfu/mL of killing) was achieved by the addition of KI (250 mM) within only 5 min (63.9 J/cm). In addition, at lower doses of OG (0.1 mM) with KI (100 mM), the biofilm was completely eradicated within 10 min (127.8 J/cm). The KI-potentiated mechanism involves in situ rapid photogeneration of a multitude of reactive oxygen species, especially hydroxyl radicals (OH), reactive iodine species, and new photocytocidal substances (quinone) by multiple photochemical pathways, which led to the destruction of cell membranes and membrane proteins, the cleavage of genomic DNA and extracellular DNA within biofilms, and the degradation of QS signaling molecules. This multitarget synergistic strategy provided new insights into the development of an environmentally friendly, safe, and ultraefficient photodynamic drinking water sterilization technology.
Topics: Potassium Iodide; Drinking Water; Bacteria; Biofilms
PubMed: 37671932
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03182 -
Plant Cell Reports Dec 2023PDE1 acts as a mediator of primary root growth in response to Pi deficiency. Phosphorus is commonly considered as a limiting nutrient for plant growth, which is mainly...
PDE1 acts as a mediator of primary root growth in response to Pi deficiency. Phosphorus is commonly considered as a limiting nutrient for plant growth, which is mainly due to the immobility and uneven distribution of phosphate (Pi) in soils so that available Pi is not adequate in the rhizosphere. Although various mediators have been identified in Pi sensing and response, more details need to be uncovered in plant Pi-deficiency tolerance. Here, we isolated a mutant, termed pde1 (phosphate-deficiency sensitive 1), showing the hypersensitive Pi-deficiency-induced growth inhibition of primary roots. PDE1 encodes a hydroxyphenylpyruvate reductase with rare activity in vitro and repressed by Pi deficiency. Histochemical analysis displayed that Pi-deprived pde1 accumulated more Fe and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in primary roots than the wild type (WT). Addition of ferrozine, a Fe chelator, or a ROS scavenger (e.g., thiourea and potassium iodide), alleviated the sensitivity of Pi-deficiency in pde1 primary roots. By contrast, pde1 showed reduced cotyledon expansion rate with treatment of HO compared to WT. Taken together, these results suggested that PDE1 is responsible for regulating primary root growth in response to Pi deficiency, which is associated with ROS.
Topics: Arabidopsis; Arabidopsis Proteins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Hydrogen Peroxide; Plant Roots; Phosphates; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
PubMed: 38133662
DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03120-8 -
Tropical Doctor Oct 2023Fungal sinusitis may be caused by filamentous fungi such as and and have immunocompromised states as specific risk factors, whereas may occur in apparently healthy...
Fungal sinusitis may be caused by filamentous fungi such as and and have immunocompromised states as specific risk factors, whereas may occur in apparently healthy persons having significant soil contact. This is, nonetheless, a rare condition with involvement of mucosa of the nose, para nasal sinuses and centrofacial soft tissues, bony or angioinvasion. It grows relentlessly, however, and may mimic soft tissue neoplasm causing facial disfigurement.
Topics: Humans; Conidiobolus; Mycoses; Mucormycosis; Face
PubMed: 37424448
DOI: 10.1177/00494755231186667 -
General Dentistry 2023Silver diamine fluoride (SDF), an effective topical fluoride agent for arresting caries, has a reputation for staining the teeth. Potassium iodide (KI) has been reported...
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF), an effective topical fluoride agent for arresting caries, has a reputation for staining the teeth. Potassium iodide (KI) has been reported to minimize such staining, but doubts remain over its long-term efficacy and potential adverse influence on the effectiveness of SDF. This in vitro study used quantitative evaluation of color changes and the silver and fluoride release of treated tooth specimens to determine the effect of KI on the staining and caries-arresting properties of SDF. Twenty-one noncarious premolars were sectioned buccolingually to create 42 tooth specimens that were divided into 3 groups for color comparison and ion release measurements. The specimens in the experimental group were treated with a combined SDF + KI product (n = 16), the specimens in the positive control group were treated with SDF (n = 16), and the specimens in the negative control group were untreated (n = 10). Digital color analysis was performed weekly for a month according to the CIE L*a*b* color system of the International Commission on Illumination. Atomic spectrophotometry and ion-selective electrodes were used to measure the quantity of fluoride and silver ions released after 24 and 48 hours. The data from the color measurements were analyzed with the Friedman and Fisher tests, while the data from the ion release measurements were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed rank tests. The analysis revealed that KI reduced the dentinal staining caused by SDF, but its effectiveness decreased over time as evidenced by the significantly deteriorating perceptual lightness (L*) values of SDF + KI-treated tooth specimens. The SDF + KI-treated specimens released significantly less silver and fluoride ions than the SDF-treated specimens. Because KI lost its stain-reducing property over time and reduced the effectiveness of SDF, a better "antidote" to SDF staining is needed.
Topics: Humans; Fluorides, Topical; Fluorides; Potassium Iodide; Dental Caries; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
PubMed: 37889247
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024The black staining effect of silver-containing solutions for use to arrest caries can have a negative aesthetic impact on children and parents. This study aims to assess...
BACKGROUND
The black staining effect of silver-containing solutions for use to arrest caries can have a negative aesthetic impact on children and parents. This study aims to assess the staining effects of Silver Diamine Fluoride/Potassium Iodide (SDF/KI), SDF and Nanosilver Fluoride (NSF).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Forty-four extracted carious primary molars were collected and randomly divided into four groups (n = 11). The carious tissue in all teeth was removed using a chemo-mechanical caries removal agent with an excavator. After caries removal in all groups, SDF, SDF/KI, and NSF were applied to the different groups, while no solution was applied to the control group. Subsequently, the teeth in all groups were restored with compomer. Color values L*, a* and b* were measured using a spectrophotometer at three time points: immediately after compomer restoration (T), one week later (T), and four week later (T). Changes in brightness (ΔL) and color (ΔE) over time were calculated and comparisons among groups were made.
RESULTS
The SDF solution induced statistically significant black staining (p = 0.013) and a decrease in L* value (p < 0.001) on the compomer material compared to the other groups over time.
CONCLUSIONS
It was observed that SDF/KI has the potential to reduce the black staining effect of SDF, though not entirely. Novel experimental solutions like NSF may offer an alternative to counteract the staining effect of SDF.
Topics: Silver Compounds; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Potassium Iodide; Humans; Fluorides, Topical; In Vitro Techniques; Cariostatic Agents; Dental Caries; Tooth Discoloration; Tooth, Deciduous; Spectrophotometry; Molar
PubMed: 38880907
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04370-y -
Scientific Reports Aug 2023Sustainable development goal 12 advocates the production and consumption of green and sustainable commodities. As such, pressure is mounting on the oil and gas...
Sustainable development goal 12 advocates the production and consumption of green and sustainable commodities. As such, pressure is mounting on the oil and gas industries for a paradigm shift. This work explores the potential of aspartame (a derivative of aspartic acid and phenylalanine) based formulation as a green inhibitor. The inhibiting effect of aspartame alone and in combination with potassium iodide (KI) or sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) or both on T95 steel in 15 wt% HCl solution at 60-90 °C is investigated using weight loss, electrochemical, and surface analysis techniques. The results show severe metal corrosion especially at 90 °C with a corrosion rate (v) of 186.37 mm/y. Aspartame inhibits corrosion and its inhibition efficiency (η) increases with an increase in temperature. At 6.80 mM, η of 86% is obtained at 90 °C. The addition of SDS to aspartame produces an antagonistic effect. A KI-aspartame mixture produces an antagonistic effect at 60 °C and 70 °C but a synergistic effect at 80 °C and 90 °C. There is a strong synergy when aspartame (6.80 mM), KI (1 mM), and SDS (1 mM) are mixed especially at higher temperatures. The mixture reduces v from 186.37 to 14.35 mm/y, protecting the metal surface by 92% at 90 °C. The mixture can be considered an acidizing corrosion inhibitor.
PubMed: 37567963
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40354-8 -
Tetrahedron Sep 2023Sequential treatment of alkyl 2-(2-nitroaryl)-2-butenoates with potassium -butoxide and an electrophile, such as methyl iodide, benzyl bromide and allyl bromide,...
Sequential treatment of alkyl 2-(2-nitroaryl)-2-butenoates with potassium -butoxide and an electrophile, such as methyl iodide, benzyl bromide and allyl bromide, afforded -alkoxyindoles. In related reactions, using sodium -pentoxide as the base with or without addition of an electrophile afforded -alkoxy- and -hydroxyindoles, respectively. Electrophiles such as dimethylsulfate, -tosyl chloride, and acetic anhydride afforded moderate yields of the respective -methoxy-, -tosyloxy, and -acetoxyindoles, while methyl iodide, benzyl bromide, and 1-bromohexane failed to form alkylated products using sodium -pentoxide as the base.
PubMed: 37680993
DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133578 -
ACS Omega Aug 2023Herein, we synthesized three novel benzothiazole azo dyes, including 4-chloro-2-(4-methyl-benzothiazol-2-ylazo)-phenol (CMBTAP),...
Tunable Anticorrosive Effects of Newly Synthesized Benzothiazole Azo Dyes by Potassium Iodide Synergism for Carbon Steel in 1 M HCl: Combined Experimental and Theoretical Studies.
Herein, we synthesized three novel benzothiazole azo dyes, including 4-chloro-2-(4-methyl-benzothiazol-2-ylazo)-phenol (CMBTAP), 1-(6-chloro-benzothiazol-2-ylazo)-naphthalen-2-ol (CBAN), and 2-(6-chloro-benzothiazol-2-ylazo)-4-methyl-phenol (CBAMP), and investigated their corrosion inhibition effect on carbon steel. The dyes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), C NMR, and mass spectroscopy. Weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization measurements were performed to investigate the corrosion inhibition effect of the dyes on carbon steel in a 1.0 M HCl solution. The synergistic effects of the dyes with potassium iodide (KI) were also investigated. The inhibition efficiency (IE%) was enhanced by increasing the dose of the dyes (1 × 10 to 2 × 10 M) and decreased as the temperature increased from 25 to 45 °C. The addition of KI to a 1.0 M HCl solution containing the dyes improved the performance and efficiency as iodide ions promoted the formation of inhibition films on the surface of carbon steel. The dyes are mixed-type inhibitors, according to Tafel polarization. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis were used to evaluate the surface morphology of carbon steel sheets. Quantum theory calculations were utilized to evaluate the relationship between the dyes' chemical structures and their inhibitory efficiency, which confirmed the experimental results. The calculations revealed that the dyes have low energy gap and Milliken and Fukui indices. Among all of the dyes, CMBTAP showed the highest adsorption energy. The corrosion IE was in the order CMBTAP > CBAMP > CBAN.
PubMed: 37576643
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02105 -
Canister valve and actuator deposition in metered dose inhalers formulated with low-GWP propellants.International Journal of Pharmaceutics Dec 2023A challenge in pressurised metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) formulation design is management of adhesion of the drug to the canister wall, valve and actuator internal...
A challenge in pressurised metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) formulation design is management of adhesion of the drug to the canister wall, valve and actuator internal components and surfaces. Wall-material interactions differ between transparent vials used for visual inspection and metal canister pMDI systems. This is of particular concern for low greenhouse warming potential (GWP) formulations where propellant chemistry and solubility with many drugs are not well understood. In this study, we demonstrate a novel application of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation to assay the contents of surrogate solution and suspension pMDI formulations of potassium iodide and barium sulphate in propellants HFA134a, HFA152a and HFO1234ze(E) using aluminium canisters and standard components. Preliminary results indicate that through unit life drug distribution in the canister valve closure region and actuator can vary significantly with new propellants. For solution formulations HFO1234ze(E) propellant shows the greatest increase in local deposition inside the canister valve closure region as compared to HFA134a and HFA152a, with correspondingly reduced actuator deposition. This is likely driven by chemistry changes. For suspension formulations HFA152a shows the greatest differences, due to its low specific gravity. These changes must be taken into consideration in the development of products utilising low-GWP propellants.
Topics: Metered Dose Inhalers; Nebulizers and Vaporizers; Administration, Inhalation; Catheters; Aluminum; Suspensions; Aerosol Propellants; Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated
PubMed: 37925043
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123569 -
Chemistry (Weinheim An Der Bergstrasse,... Jan 2024A simple sequential addition protocol for the reductive coupling of ketones and aldehydes by a potassium aluminyl grants access to unsymmetrical pinacolate derivatives....
A simple sequential addition protocol for the reductive coupling of ketones and aldehydes by a potassium aluminyl grants access to unsymmetrical pinacolate derivatives. Isolation of an aluminium ketyl complex presents evidence for the accessibility of radical species. Product release from the aluminium centre was achieved using an iodosilane, forming the disilylated 1,2-diol and a neutral aluminium iodide, thereby demonstrating the steps required to generate a closed synthetic cycle for pinacol (cross) coupling at an aluminyl anion.
PubMed: 37786922
DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302999