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International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2023Reactive α-dicarbonyls (α-DCs), such as methylglyoxal (MGO), glyoxal (GO), and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), are potent precursors in the formation of advanced glycation... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Reactive α-dicarbonyls (α-DCs), such as methylglyoxal (MGO), glyoxal (GO), and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), are potent precursors in the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In particular, MGO and MGO-derived AGEs are thought to be involved in the development of vascular complications in diabetes. Experimental studies showed that citrus and pomegranate polyphenols can scavenge α-DCs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a citrus and pomegranate complex (CPC) on the α-DCs plasma levels in a double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over trial, where thirty-six elderly subjects were enrolled. They received either 500 mg of peel extract and 200 mg of concentrate in CPC capsules or placebo capsules for 4 weeks, with a 4-week washout period in between. For the determination of α-DCs concentrations, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used. Following four weeks of CPC supplementation, plasma levels of MGO decreased by 9.8% (-18.7 nmol/L; 95% CI: -36.7, -0.7 nmol/L; = 0.042). Our findings suggest that CPC supplementation may represent a promising strategy for mitigating the conditions associated with MGO involvement. This study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03781999.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Capsules; Citrus; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Magnesium Oxide; Pomegranate; Pyruvaldehyde
PubMed: 37685975
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713168 -
BMJ Open Jul 2023is the most well-known risk factor for gastric cancer. Antibiotic resistance is the main reason for the failure of eradication, and understanding the antibiotic...
Efficacy of quadruple therapy with clarithromycin based on faecal molecular antimicrobial susceptibility tests as first-line treatment for infection: a protocol of a single-centre, single-blind, randomised clinical trial in China.
INTRODUCTION
is the most well-known risk factor for gastric cancer. Antibiotic resistance is the main reason for the failure of eradication, and understanding the antibiotic resistance before treatment may be the main determinant of successful eradication of . This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of quadruple therapy based on faecal molecular antimicrobial susceptibility tests for the first-line eradication of infection.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS
This is a single-centre, single-blind, randomised controlled trial, enrolling 855 patients with infection. Patients are randomised to three groups for a 14-day treatment: group A: amoxicillin- and clarithromycin-based bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (BQT) (rabeprazole 10 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, clarithromycin 500 mg and colloidal bismuth 200 mg two times per day); group B: clarithromycin medication history-based BQT (rabeprazole 10 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, furazolidone 100 mg (with clarithromycin medication history)/clarithromycin 500 mg (without clarithromycin medication history) and colloidal bismuth 200 mg two times per day); group C: antimicrobial susceptibility test-based BQT (rabeprazole 10 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, clarithromycin 500 mg (clarithromycin-sensitive)/furazolidone 100 mg (clarithromycin resistant) and colloidal bismuth 200 mg two times per day). The primary end point is the eradication rate. The secondary end points are the incidence of adverse events and compliance.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University (Number 20230103). The results will be published in the appropriate peer-reviewed journal.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
NCT05718609.
Topics: Humans; Helicobacter Infections; Clarithromycin; Helicobacter pylori; Bismuth; Rabeprazole; Furazolidone; Single-Blind Method; Amoxicillin; China; Anti-Infective Agents; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 37479526
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072670 -
Cureus Mar 2024As the global incidence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is on the rise, there is a need for better diagnostic criteria, better treatment options, early and... (Review)
Review
As the global incidence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is on the rise, there is a need for better diagnostic criteria, better treatment options, early and appropriate diagnosis, adequate care, and a multidisciplinary approach to the management of patients. This systematic review explores the role of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in IPF and answers the question, "Does proton pump inhibitor improve only the prognosis of gastroesophageal associated idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis or for other types of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis too?" We used PubMed (PMC) and Google Scholar for data collection for this systematic review and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for conducting this review. After in-depth literature screening and quality appraisal, 12 articles were selected for this systematic review. On the one hand, the efficacy of PPI therapy is supported by research such as the CAPACITY and ASCEND trials, a pilot randomized control trial (RCT) investigating the role of omeprazole in IPF and a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study, respectively. On the other hand, a systematic review and meta-analysis on antacid and antireflux surgery in IPF negate these results and show no statistical significance. Questions regarding the efficacy of PPI therapy must be dealt with in an adequately powered multicenter and double-blinded randomized control trial. The anti-inflammatory properties of antacids can serve as the cornerstone for future trials. In the following systematic review, antacid, antireflux therapy, omeprazole, and proton pump therapy are synonymous with stomach acid suppression therapy.
PubMed: 38606271
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55980 -
Scientific Reports Oct 2023A Ga-substituted spinel magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) with the formula GaFeO were synthesized using both the one-pot solvothermal decomposition method (TD) and the...
A Ga-substituted spinel magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) with the formula GaFeO were synthesized using both the one-pot solvothermal decomposition method (TD) and the microwave-assisted heating method (MW). Stable colloidal solutions were obtained by using triethylene glycol, which served as a NPs stabilizer and as a reaction medium in both methods. A narrow size distribution of NPs, below 10 nm, was achieved through selected nucleation and growth. The composition, structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of the NPs were investigated using FTIR spectroscopy, thermal analysis (TA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and magnetic measurements. NPs with the expected spinel structure were obtained in the case of the TD method, while the MW method produced, additionally, an important amount of gallium suboxide. The NPs, especially those prepared by TD, have superparamagnetic behavior with 2.02 μB/f.u. at 300 K and 3.06 μB/f.u. at 4.2 K. For the MW sample these values are 0.5 μB/f.u. and 0.6 μB/f.u. at 300 K and 4.2 K, respectively. The MW prepared sample contains a secondary phase and very small NPs which affects both the dimensional distribution and the magnetic behavior of NPs. The NPs were tested in vitro on amniotic mesenchymal stem cells. It was shown that the cellular metabolism is active in the presence of GaFeO NPs and preserves an active biocompatible cytoskeleton.
Topics: Aluminum Oxide; Magnesium Oxide; Magnetite Nanoparticles; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
PubMed: 37875541
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45285-y -
Alternative Therapies in Health and... Nov 2023To investigate the clinical impact of dietary intervention in combination with bismuth potassium citrate in the management of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) caused by... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the clinical impact of dietary intervention in combination with bismuth potassium citrate in the management of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) caused by Helicobacter pylori.
METHODS
From April 2019 to October 2022, 160 patients with newly identified Helicobacter pylori-related CAG were treated at our facility. They were split into two groups at random: the bismuth potassium citrate medication group (n = 80) and the diet intervention + bismuth potassium citrate experimental groups (n = 80). The bismuth potassium citrate treatment group was given bismuth potassium citrate capsule treatment only, and the diet intervention + bismuth potassium citrate treatment group was given diet intervention based on bismuth potassium citrate capsule. The diet intervention score, symptom score, and pathological score of the two groups were observed at baseline and after treatment, and the relationship between dietary intervention and symptoms and pathology of Helicobacter pylori-related CAG was analyzed.
RESULTS
During the baseline period, there was no discernible difference in the diet intervention score, symptom score, or pathology score between the two groups (P > .05); after the diet intervention combination treatment, the diet intervention score, diet intervention + bismuth potassium citrate experimental groups symptom score, and pathology score were considerably lower than those in the bismuth potassium citrate treated group (P < .05).
CONCLUSIONS
Dietary intervention combined with bismuth potassium citrate exhibited more effective treatment than bismuth potassium citrate-only treatment in Helicobacter pylori-related CAG, which hinted us proper diet has a positive impact on improving the therapeutic efficacy of bismuth potassium citrate.
Topics: Humans; Amoxicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bismuth; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gastritis, Atrophic; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Potassium; Potassium Citrate; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37856797
DOI: No ID Found -
Vaccine Oct 2023The development of safe and effective second-generation COVID-19 vaccines to improve affordability and storage stability requirements remains a high priority to expand... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Formulation development and comparability studies with an aluminum-salt adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 spike ferritin nanoparticle vaccine antigen produced from two different cell lines.
The development of safe and effective second-generation COVID-19 vaccines to improve affordability and storage stability requirements remains a high priority to expand global coverage. In this report, we describe formulation development and comparability studies with a self-assembled SARS-CoV-2 spike ferritin nanoparticle vaccine antigen (called DCFHP), when produced in two different cell lines and formulated with an aluminum-salt adjuvant (Alhydrogel, AH). Varying levels of phosphate buffer altered the extent and strength of antigen-adjuvant interactions, and these formulations were evaluated for their (1) in vivo performance in mice and (2) in vitro stability profiles. Unadjuvanted DCFHP produced minimal immune responses while AH-adjuvanted formulations elicited greatly enhanced pseudovirus neutralization titers independent of ∼100%, ∼40% or ∼10% of the DCFHP antigen adsorbed to AH. These formulations differed, however, in their in vitro stability properties as determined by biophysical studies and a competitive ELISA for measuring ACE2 receptor binding of AH-bound antigen. Interestingly, after one month of 4°C storage, small increases in antigenicity with concomitant decreases in the ability to desorb the antigen from the AH were observed. Finally, we performed a comparability assessment of DCFHP antigen produced in Expi293 and CHO cells, which displayed expected differences in their N-linked oligosaccharide profiles. Despite consisting of different DCFHP glycoforms, these two preparations were highly similar in their key quality attributes including molecular size, structural integrity, conformational stability, binding to ACE2 receptor and mouse immunogenicity profiles. Taken together, these studies support future preclinical and clinical development of an AH-adjuvanted DCFHP vaccine candidate produced in CHO cells.
Topics: Animals; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; COVID-19 Vaccines; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Mice; Ferritins; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Nanoparticles; Humans; Antibodies, Neutralizing; Female; Antibodies, Viral; Cell Line; Cricetulus; CHO Cells; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Aluminum Hydroxide; Immunogenicity, Vaccine; Nanovaccines
PubMed: 37620203
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.037 -
United European Gastroenterology Journal Feb 2024Management of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection requires co-treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and the use of antibiotics to achieve successful...
BACKGROUND
Management of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection requires co-treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and the use of antibiotics to achieve successful eradication.
AIM
To evaluate the role of dosage of PPIs and the duration of therapy in the effectiveness of H. pylori eradication treatments based on the 'European Registry on Helicobacter pylori management' (Hp-EuReg).
METHODS
Hp-EuReg is a multicentre, prospective, non-interventionist, international registry on the routine clinical practice of H. pylori management by European gastroenterologists. All infected adult patients were systematically registered from 2013 to 2022.
RESULTS
Overall, 36,579 patients from five countries with more than 1000 patients were analysed. Optimal (≥90%) first-line-modified intention-to-treat effectiveness was achieved with the following treatments: (1) 14-day therapies with clarithromycin-amoxicillin-bismuth and metronidazole-tetracycline-bismuth, both independently of the PPI dose prescribed; (2) All 10-day (except 10-day standard triple therapy) and 14-day therapies with high-dose PPIs; and (3) 10-day quadruple therapies with clarithromycin-amoxicillin-bismuth, metronidazole-tetracycline-bismuth, and clarithromycin-amoxicillin-metronidazole (sequential), all with standard-dose PPIs. In first-line treatment, optimal effectiveness was obtained with high-dose PPIs in all 14-day treatments, in 10- and 14-day bismuth quadruple therapies and in 10-day sequential with standard-dose PPIs. Optimal second-line effectiveness was achieved with (1) metronidazole-tetracycline-bismuth quadruple therapy for 14- and 10 days with standard and high-dose PPIs, respectively; and (2) levofloxacin-amoxicillin triple therapy for 14 days with high-dose PPIs. None of the 7-day therapies in both treatment lines achieved optimal effectiveness.
CONCLUSIONS
We recommend, in first-line treatment, the use of high-dose PPIs in 14-day triple therapy and in 10-or 14-day quadruple concomitant therapy in first-line treatment, while standard-dose PPIs would be sufficient in 10-day bismuth quadruple therapies. On the other hand, in second-line treatment, high-dose PPIs would be more beneficial in 14-day triple therapy with levofloxacin and amoxicillin or in 10-day bismuth quadruple therapy either as a three-in-one single capsule or in the traditional scheme.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Helicobacter pylori; Metronidazole; Clarithromycin; Levofloxacin; Bismuth; Prospective Studies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Helicobacter Infections; Amoxicillin; Tetracycline; Registries
PubMed: 38050339
DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12476 -
TheScientificWorldJournal 2023This study aimed to assess the effect of addition of fluorohydroxyapatite (FHI) on biological and physical properties of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Angelus.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to assess the effect of addition of fluorohydroxyapatite (FHI) on biological and physical properties of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Angelus.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this in vitro, experimental study, nano-FHI powder was first synthesized, and the morphology and chemical structure of particles were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Three groups were evaluated in this study: MTA Angelus, MTA modified with 10% FHA, and MTA modified with 15% FHA. After mixing, the materials were applied to ring molds (10 mm diameter, 1 mm height), and the setting time of the three groups was evaluated according to ISO6876 and ASTMC266-03 with a Gillmore needle. The pH was measured using a pH meter at 24 and 48 hours and 7 days after mixing. The cytotoxicity of the materials was assessed in freshly mixed form and after 1 and 7 days using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay according to ISO10993-5. Data were analyzed by one-way and repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's test (alpha = 0.05).
RESULTS
The addition of FHA to MTA significantly decreased the initial setting time ( < 0.05) and had no significant effect on cell viability (compared with pure MTA Angelus) at 1 and 7 days. However, modified MTA groups in freshly mixed form showed significantly lower cell viability ( < 0.05). The pH remained alkaline at all time points.
CONCLUSION
Addition of 15% FHA to MTA Angelus decreased its setting time with no adverse effect on cell viability (except for fresh form) or pH.
Topics: Calcium Compounds; Aluminum Compounds; Oxides; Silicates; Drug Combinations; Materials Testing; Root Canal Filling Materials; Bismuth; Hydroxyapatites
PubMed: 37964892
DOI: 10.1155/2023/7532898 -
Food Research International (Ottawa,... Oct 2023In the present study we investigated the capacities of a panel of 25 solid sorbents represented by layered structures, inorganic oxides and hydroxides, and...
In the present study we investigated the capacities of a panel of 25 solid sorbents represented by layered structures, inorganic oxides and hydroxides, and phyllosilicates, to effectively remove in high yield Tartrazine (E102) and Brilliant Blue FCF (E133) from aqueous solutions, and more notable, green colored food matrices. Quantification of the title compounds have been achieved by HPLC-DAD analyses. Contents of E102 and E133 in real samples were in the range 1.3-36.5 μg/mL and 1.0-20.1 μg/mL, respectively. After a treatment of 1 min., in most cases a complete bleaching of solutions and deep coloring of the solid phase was recorded. The most effective solids to this aim were seen to be aluminium based ayered double hydroxides. In the case of magnesium oxide for E102, and magnesium aluminium D. benzensulfonate SDS 01 H8L and Florisil for E133, a selective adsorption (>99.9 %) of only one dye was observed. The adsorption recorded was strictly dependent on the loading of the sorbent. Related values were 300 mg for the separation of E102 by magnesium oxide from all the five food matrices under investigation, and in the range 200 mg-300 mg for magnesium aluminium D. benzensulfonate SDS 01 H8L and Florisil in the case of E133. The application of Langmuir and Freundlich models suggested that the adsorption may take place in the inner layers of the solids with a favourable thermodynamique outcome. Findings described herein offer the concrete possibility of quantifications of individual dyes in matrices containing more than one food colorant.
Topics: Tartrazine; Aluminum; Magnesium; Magnesium Oxide; Beverages; Coloring Agents
PubMed: 37689866
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113094 -
ELife Sep 2023The Maillard reaction, a chemical reaction between amino acids and sugars, is exploited to produce flavorful food ubiquitously, from the baking industry to our everyday...
The Maillard reaction, a chemical reaction between amino acids and sugars, is exploited to produce flavorful food ubiquitously, from the baking industry to our everyday lives. However, the Maillard reaction also occurs in all cells, from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, forming advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). AGEs are a heterogeneous group of compounds resulting from the irreversible reaction between biomolecules and α-dicarbonyls (α-DCs), including methylglyoxal (MGO), an unavoidable byproduct of anaerobic glycolysis and lipid peroxidation. We previously demonstrated that mutants lacking the glyoxalase enzyme displayed enhanced accumulation of α-DCs, reduced lifespan, increased neuronal damage, and touch hypersensitivity. Here, we demonstrate that mutation increased food intake and identify that MGO-derived hydroimidazolone, MG-H1, is a mediator of the observed increase in food intake. RNAseq analysis in knockdown worms identified upregulation of several neurotransmitters and feeding genes. Suppressor screening of the overfeeding phenotype identified the -tyramine- signaling as an essential pathway mediating AGE (MG-H1)-induced feeding in mutants. We also identified the GATA transcription factor as an essential upstream regulator for increased feeding upon accumulation of AGEs by partially controlling the expression of gene. Furthermore, the lack of either or receptors suppresses the reduced lifespan and rescues neuronal damage observed in mutants. Thus, in , we identified an regulated tyramine-dependent pathway mediating the toxic effects of MG-H1 AGE. Understanding this signaling pathway may help understand hedonistic overfeeding behavior observed due to modern AGE-rich diets.
Topics: Animals; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Pyruvaldehyde; Magnesium Oxide; GATA Transcription Factors; Signal Transduction; Tyramine; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Eating
PubMed: 37728328
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.82446