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Journal of Osteopathic Medicine May 2024This narrative review article explores research integrity and the implications of scholarly work in medical education. The paper describes how the current landscape of... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
This narrative review article explores research integrity and the implications of scholarly work in medical education. The paper describes how the current landscape of medical education emphasizes research and scholarly activity for medical students, resident physicians, and faculty physician educators. There is a gap in the existing literature that fully explores research integrity, the challenges surrounding the significant pressure to perform scholarly activity, and the potential for ethical lapses by those involved in medical education.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this review article are to provide a background on authorship and publication safeguards, outline common types of research misconduct, describe the implications of publication in medical education, discuss the consequences of ethical breaches, and outline possible solutions to promote research integrity in academic medicine.
METHODS
To complete this narrative review, the authors explored the current literature utilizing multiple databases beginning in June of 2021, and they completed the literature review in January of 2023. To capture the wide scope of the review, numerous searches were performed. A number of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms were utilized to identify relevant articles. The MeSH terms included "scientific misconduct," "research misconduct," "authorship," "plagiarism," "biomedical research/ethics," "faculty, medical," "fellowships and scholarships," and "internship and residency." Additional references were accessed to include medical school and residency accreditation standards, residency match statistics, regulatory guidelines, and standard definitions.
RESULTS
Within the realm of academic medicine, research misconduct and misrepresentation continue to occur without clear solutions. There is a wide range of severity in breaches of research integrity, ranging from minor infractions to fraud. Throughout the medical education system in the United States, there is pressure to publish research and scholarly work. Higher rates of publications are associated with a successful residency match for students and academic promotion for faculty physicians. For those who participate in research misconduct, there is a multitude of potential adverse consequences. Potential solutions to ensure research integrity exist but are not without barriers to implementation.
CONCLUSIONS
Pressure in the world of academic medicine to publish contributes to the potential for research misconduct and authorship misrepresentation. Lapses in research integrity can result in a wide range of potentially adverse consequences for the offender, their institution, the scientific community, and the public. If adopted, universal research integrity policies and procedures could make major strides in eliminating research misconduct in the realm of academic medicine.
Topics: Scientific Misconduct; Publishing; Humans; Authorship; Biomedical Research; Education, Medical; Ethics, Research
PubMed: 38407191
DOI: 10.1515/jom-2023-0211 -
Mammalian Genome : Official Journal of... Sep 2023Over the last decade, INFRAFRONTIER has positioned itself as a world-class Research Infrastructure for the generation, phenotyping, archiving, and distribution of mouse... (Review)
Review
Over the last decade, INFRAFRONTIER has positioned itself as a world-class Research Infrastructure for the generation, phenotyping, archiving, and distribution of mouse models in Europe. The INFRAFRONTIER network consists of 22 partners from 15 countries, and is continuously enhancing and broadening its portfolio of resources and services that are offered to the research community on a non-profit basis. By bringing together European rodent model expertise and providing valuable disease model services to the biomedical research community, INFRAFRONTIER strives to push the accessibility of cutting-edge human disease modelling technologies across the European research landscape. This article highlights the latest INFRAFRONTIER developments and informs the research community about its extensively utilised services, resources, and technical developments, specifically the intricacies of the INFRAFRONTIER database, use of Curated Disease Models, overview of the INFRAFRONTIER Cancer and Rare Disease resources, and information about its main state-of-the-art services.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Humans; Disease Models, Animal; Biomedical Research; Europe
PubMed: 37468728
DOI: 10.1007/s00335-023-10010-7 -
International Journal of Molecular... Sep 2023The Special Issue State-of-the-Art Molecular Genetics and Genomics in Germany focuses on German researchers and their international peers, covering their recent advances...
The Special Issue State-of-the-Art Molecular Genetics and Genomics in Germany focuses on German researchers and their international peers, covering their recent advances in genetics, genomics, epigenetics, and cytogenetics/cytogenomics in relation to prokaryotic and eukaryotic multicellular to mammalian organisms in arras ranging from basic to medical research [...].
Topics: Animals; Genomics; Epigenomics; Germany; Biomedical Research; Molecular Biology; Mammals
PubMed: 37762398
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814096 -
BMJ Global Health Jan 2024
Topics: Humans; Authorship; Publishing; Biomedical Research
PubMed: 38176744
DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-014743 -
Function (Oxford, England) 2023
Topics: Humans; Seasons; Physicians; Biomedical Research
PubMed: 37361193
DOI: 10.1093/function/zqad032 -
Stem Cell Reports Dec 2023Human fetal tissue and cells derived from fetal tissue are crucial for biomedical research. Fetal tissues and cells are used to study both normal development and... (Review)
Review
Human fetal tissue and cells derived from fetal tissue are crucial for biomedical research. Fetal tissues and cells are used to study both normal development and developmental disorders. They are broadly applied in vaccine development and production. Further, research using cells from fetal tissue is instrumental for studying many infectious diseases, including a broad range of viruses. These widespread applications underscore the value of fetal tissue research and reflect an important point: cells derived from fetal tissues have capabilities that cells from other sources do not. In many cases, increased functionality of cells derived from fetal tissues arises from increased proliferative capacity, ability to survive in culture, and developmental potential that is attenuated in adult tissues. This review highlights important, representative applications of fetal tissue for science and medicine.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Fetus; Fetal Research
PubMed: 37977142
DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.10.008 -
Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal 2023Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have revolutionized numerous sectors, including medical research. Among the various AI tools, OpenAI's ChatGPT, a... (Review)
Review
Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have revolutionized numerous sectors, including medical research. Among the various AI tools, OpenAI's ChatGPT, a state-of-the-art language model, has demonstrated immense potential in aiding and enhancing research processes. This review explores the application of ChatGPT in medical hospital level research, focusing on its capabilities for academic writing assistance, data analytics, statistics handling, and code generation. Notably, it delves into the model's ability to streamline tasks, support decision making, and improve patient interaction. However, the article also underscores the importance of exercising caution while dealing with sensitive healthcare data and highlights the limitations of ChatGPT, such as its potential for erroneous outputs and biases. Furthermore, the review discusses the ethical considerations that arise with AI use in health care, including data privacy, AI interpretability, and the risk of AI-induced disparities. The article culminates by envisioning the future of AI in medical research, emphasizing the need for robust regulatory frameworks and guidelines that balance the potential of AI with ethical considerations. As AI continues to evolve, it holds promising potential to augment medical research in a manner that is ethical, equitable, and patient-centric.
Topics: Humans; Artificial Intelligence; Hospitals; Biomedical Research; Exercise; Writing
PubMed: 38028967
DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1290 -
Journal of the American Association For... Nov 2023The most widely accepted ethical concept for the mitigation of harm to animals used in biomedical research is known as the 3Rs, which refer to replacement, reduction,...
The most widely accepted ethical concept for the mitigation of harm to animals used in biomedical research is known as the 3Rs, which refer to replacement, reduction, and refinement. The aim of our study was to determine the ethical and regulatory criteria that researchers in Mexico consider when developing their animal research protocols and that members of the ethics committees use when they evaluate and approve these protocols. We circulated a survey to 300 individuals from different research institutions and received responses from 179 researchers and members of ethics committees on questions related to their knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward the use of animals in research based on the 3Rs. The responses obtained indicate that the respondents were aware of the 3R concept, and they claim to apply these principles. However, the responses revealed resistance to using alternatives for research, testing, and teaching (66%). Nineteen percent of the researchers reported that their institutions do not have an integrated Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC). Around 80% of respondents were aware of Mexican regulations. The knowledge and application of the 3Rs by researchers and members of the IACUC is a fundamental concept in animal research. Such knowledge contributes the use of ethical standards, attitudes, and practices relevant to the use of animals in research.
Topics: Animals; Animal Experimentation; Mexico; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Biomedical Research; Animal Care Committees
PubMed: 37973149
DOI: 10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-23-000012 -
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2023
Topics: Research Design; Biomedical Research
PubMed: 37426626
DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S427470 -
Cancer Reports (Hoboken, N.J.) Sep 2023
Topics: Humans; Neoplasms; Racial Groups; White People; Ethnicity; Healthcare Disparities; Biomedical Research
PubMed: 37528671
DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1871