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Regenerative Therapy Dec 2023Odontogenic stem cells originate from cranial neural crest cells and offer unique advantages in the regeneration of dentin-pulp complex. There is increasing evidence... (Review)
Review
Odontogenic stem cells originate from cranial neural crest cells and offer unique advantages in the regeneration of dentin-pulp complex. There is increasing evidence that stem cells exert their biological functions mainly through exosome-based paracrine effects. Exosomes contain DNA, RNA, proteins, metabolites, etc., which can play a role in intercellular communication and have similar therapeutic potential to stem cells. In addition, compared with stem cells, exosomes also have the advantages of good biocompatibility, high drug carrying capacity, easy to obtain, and few side effects. Odontogenic stem cell-derived exosomes mainly affect the regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex by regulating processes such as dentintogenesis, angiogenesis, neuroprotection and immunomodulation. This review aimed to describe "cell-free therapies" based on odontogenic stem cell-derived exosomes, which aim to regenerate the dentin-pulp complex.
PubMed: 37415682
DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.05.008 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2023To evaluate the biomimetic remineralization capabilities of Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) extract on coronal dentin and acellular cementum, two different concentrations...
To evaluate the biomimetic remineralization capabilities of Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) extract on coronal dentin and acellular cementum, two different concentrations (50 and 200 mg/ml) of MOL extract loaded in plain varnish (M1 and M2 groups respectively) were compared to fluoride varnish (FL group) and native surface (C group). Eighty sound premolar teeth were collected. Forty teeth (10 teeth in each group) were used for coronal dentin testing while the other forty (10 teeth in each group) were used for acellular cementum testing. Teeth in M1, M2, and FL groups were etched for 30 s and then received the specific varnish treatment. All samples were immersed in artificial saliva for 14 days and then collected, dried, and examined by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Histologically, FL group showed mineral deposition as discrete vesicular granules of various sizes on the surface of both coronal dentin and acellular cementum. Mineral deposition only occurred on some DTs openings while opened tubules remained. The surface of the acellular cementum revealed regular grooves, micro-fissures, and cracks. In the M1 and M2 groups, mineral deposition appeared as a homogenous continuous layer on coronal dentin and acellular cementum. Only a few DTs and cementum fissures were not filled completely. In L.S. sections of the coronal one-third, the DTs appeared almost sealed with varying lengths of mineral deposition. EDX results statistical analysis showed that the M2 group had the highest phosphate ions (P) and calcium ions (Ca) at%. MOL has an extraordinary effect on the remineralization of coronal dentin and acellular cementum. It would have a promising ability to control dentinal hypersensitivity and formation of biomimetic cementum tissue.
Topics: Dentin; Moringa oleifera; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Bicuspid; Fluorides; Minerals
PubMed: 37935743
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46656-1 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2023Protected by the surrounding mineralized barriers of enamel, dentin, and cementum, dental pulp is a functionally versatile tissue that fulfills multiple roles [...].
Protected by the surrounding mineralized barriers of enamel, dentin, and cementum, dental pulp is a functionally versatile tissue that fulfills multiple roles [...].
Topics: Dentin; Dental Pulp; Regeneration; Tissue Engineering
PubMed: 37511210
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411453 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2023Effective infection control without irritating the pulp tissue is the key to successful vital pulp therapy. Developing a novel antibacterial biomaterial that promotes...
INTRODUCTION
Effective infection control without irritating the pulp tissue is the key to successful vital pulp therapy. Developing a novel antibacterial biomaterial that promotes dentin regeneration for pulp capping is thus a promising strategy for enhancing vital pulp therapy.
METHODS
Lithium-doped mesoporous nanoparticles (Li-MNPs) were synthesized using an alkali-catalyzed sol-gel method. The particle size, elemental distribution, surface morphology, pore structure, and ion release from Li-MNPs were measured. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and () were used to evaluate the biological effects of Li-MNPs. In addition, a dental pulp exposure mouse model was used to evaluate the regenerative effects of Li-MNPs.
RESULTS
Li-MNPs had a larger surface area (221.18 m/g), a larger pore volume (0.25 cm/g), and a smaller particle size (520.92 ± 35.21 nm) than MNPs. The in vitro investigation demonstrated that Li-MNPs greatly enhanced the biomineralization and odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Li-MNPs showed a strong antibacterial effect on . As expected, Li-MNPs significantly promoted dentin regeneration in situ and in vivo.
CONCLUSION
Li-MNPs promoted dentin regeneration and inhibited growth, implying a possible application as a pulp capping agent in vital pulp therapy.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Mice; Lithium; Nanoparticles; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Streptococcus mutans; Regeneration; Dentin
PubMed: 37746049
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S424930 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2023Dental hard tissues from different species are used in dental research, but little is known about their comparability. The aim of this study was to compare the erosive...
Dental hard tissues from different species are used in dental research, but little is known about their comparability. The aim of this study was to compare the erosive behaviour of dental hard tissues (enamel, dentin) obtained from human, bovine and equine teeth. In addition, the protective effect of the pellicle on each hard tissue under erosive conditions was determined. In situ pellicle formation was performed for 30 min on enamel and dentin samples from all species in four subjects. Calcium and phosphate release was assessed during 120 s of HCl incubation on both native and pellicle-covered enamel and dentin samples. SEM and TEM were used to examine surface changes in native enamel and dentin samples after acid incubation and the ultrastructure of the pellicle before and after erosive exposure. In general, bovine enamel and dentin showed the highest degree of erosion after acid exposure compared to human and equine samples. Erosion of human primary enamel tended to be higher than that of permanent teeth, whereas dentin showed the opposite behaviour. SEM showed that eroded equine dentin appeared more irregular than human or bovine dentin. TEM studies showed that primary enamel appeared to be most susceptible to erosion.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Cattle; Horses; Tooth Erosion; Dentin; Calcium; Hydrochloric Acid; Phosphates
PubMed: 37949920
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46759-9 -
Dental Materials Journal Jun 2024This study investigates the effects of dentin's drying time, roughness, and curing modes of resin cement on bond strength. Forty human teeth were divided into eight...
This study investigates the effects of dentin's drying time, roughness, and curing modes of resin cement on bond strength. Forty human teeth were divided into eight groups based on three experimental factors: dentin's roughness by 240-or 600-grit SiC paper (coarse or fine), dentin wetness with air-drying time (5-s or 10-s), and Single Bond Universal adhesive's curing mode by co-curing with RelyX Ultimate cement or light-curing separately (co-curing or light-curing). The micro-tensile bond strength of fifteen resin-dentin stikcs per groups was measured. Failure mode and adhesive layers were observed using stereoscopic and confocal laser scanning microscopy, respectively. The curing mode of the adhesive layer affected the bond strength of the dentin-resin cement (p<0.05). In particular, the light-curing mode exhibited a significantly higher bond strength than the co-curing one (p<0.05). The bond strength between the resin cement and dentin was improved in the 5-s drying groups than in the 10-s drying groups.
Topics: Humans; Dentin; Surface Properties; Resin Cements; Tensile Strength; Dental Bonding; Materials Testing; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Microscopy, Confocal; Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; Dental Stress Analysis; Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives; Time Factors
PubMed: 38719583
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-287 -
Journal of Endodontics Dec 2023Innovative file systems have been recently introduced, claiming improved effectiveness and superior ability to preserve the tooth structure, still allowing an efficient...
Comparative Evaluation of the Canal Shaping Ability, Pericervical Dentin Preservation, and Smear Layer Removal of TruNatomy, WaveOne Gold, and ProTaper Ultimate-An Ex Vivo Study in Human Teeth.
INTRODUCTION
Innovative file systems have been recently introduced, claiming improved effectiveness and superior ability to preserve the tooth structure, still allowing an efficient preparation and disinfection up to the apical region. Regardless, few data are available on the comparative effectiveness of the most recently developed systems. Thus, this ex vivo study aimed to comparatively evaluate, for the first time, the functionality of WaveOne Gold (WOG), TruNatomy (TN), and ProTaper Ultimate (PU) file systems regarding canal shaping, dentin preservation, and smear layer removal ability.
METHODS
Human maxillary incisors were randomly divided for instrumentation with one of the assayed systems. Canal shaping ability and pericervical dentin preservation were characterized through microtomographic evaluation and morphometric assessment (n = 15). Smear layer removal ability was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (n = 6).
RESULTS
TN and PU presented the lowest canal volume variation upon instrumentation, found to be significantly lower than that attained with WOG (P < .05). Pericervical dentin was reduced in all groups upon instrumentation, with TN evidencing the highest preservation, quantitatively similar to PU, and significantly higher than that attained with WOG (P < .05). SEM imaging revealed the presence of scattered remnants of the smear layer and partially opened dentinal tubules at the apical portion, with no significant differences between systems.
CONCLUSIONS
TN and PU allowed for the highest tissue preservation, reporting the lowest volume variation and the highest preservation of the pericervical dentin. None of the assessed systems provided a complete removal of the smear layer in the apical region.
Topics: Humans; Smear Layer; Dentin; Dental Pulp Cavity; Gold; Root Canal Preparation; Root Canal Irrigants
PubMed: 37717909
DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.09.002 -
BMC Oral Health Apr 2024The stability of resin-dentin interfaces is still highly questionable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Salvadora persica on resin-dentin bond...
BACKGROUND
The stability of resin-dentin interfaces is still highly questionable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Salvadora persica on resin-dentin bond durability.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Extracted human third molars were used to provide mid-coronal dentin, which was treated with 20% Salvadora persica extract for 1 min after acid-etching. Microtensile bond strength and interfacial nanoleakage were evaluated after 24 h and 6 months. A three-point flexure test was used to measure the stiffness of completely demineralized dentin sticks before and after treatment with Salvadora persica extract. The hydroxyproline release test was also used to measure collagen degradation by endogenous dentin proteases. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Bonferroni test and unpaired t-test. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
The use of Salvadora persica as an additional primer with etch-and-rinse adhesive did not affect the immediate bond strengths and nanoleakage (p > 0.05). After 6 months, the bond strength of the control group decreased (p = 0.007), and nanoleakage increased (p = 0.006), while Salvadora persica group showed no significant difference in bond strength and nanoleakage compared to their 24 h groups (p > 0.05). Salvadora persica increased dentin stiffness and decreased collagen degradation (p < 0.001) compared to their controls.
CONCLUSION
Salvadora persica extract pretreatment of acid-etched dentin preserved resin-dentin bonded interface for 6 months.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Durability of resin-dentin bonded interfaces is still highly questionable. Endogenous dentinal matrix metalloproteinases play an important role in degradation of dentinal collagen within such interfaces. Salvadora persica may preserve resin-dentin interfaces for longer periods of time contributing to greater clinical success and longevity of resin composite restorations.
Topics: Humans; Dentin; Tensile Strength; Plant Extracts; Dental Bonding; Dental Leakage; Salvadoraceae; Acid Etching, Dental; Collagen; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Materials Testing; Hydroxyproline; Dental Stress Analysis; Composite Resins; Time Factors; Resin Cements
PubMed: 38684974
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04244-3 -
Forensic Science International Jul 2024Teeth are biological structures with a high degree of hardness, density, calcification, and capacity to adapt to extrinsic factors at physical, biological, and... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Teeth are biological structures with a high degree of hardness, density, calcification, and capacity to adapt to extrinsic factors at physical, biological, and physiological levels. Subsequently, they resist for a longer period in deteriorating environmental conditions. With dental analysis, it is possible to acquire biographical data about a person. The aim of this scoping review was to identify publications using human teeth tissues to estimate sexual dimorphism.
METHODS
The scoping review was carried out in the following databases: Jstor, Scielo, Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus, using ten search strategies in English and guaranteeing completeness and reproducibility of the phases stipulated in the PRISMA guide.
RESULTS
143 studies on sexual dimorphism based on dental tissue traits were included, of which 40.6% (n = 58) were done in Asia and 27.2% (n = 39) in America. 80% of the studies (equivalent to 114 articles) focused their observations and measurements on the dental crown; 4.2% in enamel, dentin, and pulp together; 3.5% in dental pulp; 2.1% in the entire tooth; 2.8% in enamel, root, and the enamel-cementum junction, and only 0.7% in dentin and pulp. In addition, 92.3% of the studies used metric methods, while only 4.9% and 2.8% used biochemical and non-metric method respectively.
CONCLUSION
For sexual dimorphism establishment, enamel has been the most analyzed dental tissue in permanent canines and molars mainly. Likewise, the most widely and accurately used methods for this purpose are the metrics, with the odontometry as the most implemented (intraoral or by using dental plaster models, digital scanning or software) with prediction percentages ranging from 51% to 95.9%. In contrast to biochemical methods, that can achieve the highest precision (up to 100%), the non-metric methods, to a less extent, reported prediction percentages of 58%.
Topics: Humans; Sex Characteristics; Tooth; Forensic Dentistry; Dentin; Dental Enamel; Dental Pulp
PubMed: 38824866
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.112061 -
Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024The popular immediate dentin sealing (IDS) technique is used to improve the bond strength of indirect restorations. This systematic review assessed whether bond strength... (Review)
Review
The popular immediate dentin sealing (IDS) technique is used to improve the bond strength of indirect restorations. This systematic review assessed whether bond strength is affected by the type of aging conditions, bonding agents, flowable resin composites, impression materials, temporary materials, and/or resin cement used within the IDS procedure. A comprehensive database search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Ovid Medline, Web of Sciences, Cochrane Library, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source, and ProQuest was carried out up to 30 January 2024 without publication year or language limitations. Only in vitro full-texts regarding the effect of IDS on bond strength were included, and the quality of their methods was assessed via a Risk of Bias (RoB) test. In total, 1023 pertinent studies were initially found, and 60 articles were selected for review after screening for the title, abstract, and full texts. IDS application improves the bond strength of indirect restorations to dentin and reduces the negative effects of temporary materials on the bond durability of final indirect restorations. Filled dentin bonding agents or combinations with flowable resin composite are preferred to protect the IDS layer from conditioning procedures.
PubMed: 38534867
DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9030182