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Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Dec 2024Marine bacteria living in association with marine sponges have proven to be a reliable source of biologically active secondary metabolites. However, no studies have yet...
Marine bacteria living in association with marine sponges have proven to be a reliable source of biologically active secondary metabolites. However, no studies have yet reported natural products from Microbacterium testaceum spp. We herein report the isolation of a M. testaceum strain from the sponge Tedania brasiliensis. Molecular networking analysis of bioactive pre-fractionated extracts from culture media of M. testaceum enabled the discovery of testacosides A-D. Analysis of spectroscopic data and chemical derivatizations allowed the identification of testacosides A-D as glycoglycerolipids bearing a 1-[α-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-(α-mannopyranosyl)]-glycerol moiety connected to 12-methyltetradecanoic acid for testacoside A (1), 14-methylpentadecanoic acid for testacoside B (2), and 14-methylhexadecanoic acid for testacosides C (3) and D (4). The absolute configuration of the monosaccharide residues was determined by H-NMR analysis of the respective diastereomeric thiazolidine derivatives. This is the first report of natural products isolated from cultures of M. testaceum. KEY POINTS: • The first report of metabolites produced by Microbacterium testaceum. • 1-[α-Glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-(α-mannopyranosyl)]-glycerol lipids isolated and identified. • Microbacterium testaceum strain isolated from the sponge Tedania brasiliensis.
Topics: Animals; Glycerol; Porifera; Actinomycetales; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Biological Products; Microbacterium; Glycolipids
PubMed: 38217254
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12870-0 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Oct 2023Bacteriophage PineapplePizza is a podovirus infecting NRRL B-24224. The genome is 16,662 bp long and contains 23 predicted protein-coding genes. Interestingly,...
Bacteriophage PineapplePizza is a podovirus infecting NRRL B-24224. The genome is 16,662 bp long and contains 23 predicted protein-coding genes. Interestingly, PineapplePizza shows amino acid similarities to well-studied phage phi29.
PubMed: 37671874
DOI: 10.1128/MRA.00478-23 -
Frontiers in Plant Science 2023In flowering plants, fertilization requires exposing maternal style channels to the external environment to capture pollen and transmit its resident sperm nuclei to...
In flowering plants, fertilization requires exposing maternal style channels to the external environment to capture pollen and transmit its resident sperm nuclei to eggs. This results in progeny seed. However, environmental fungal pathogens invade developing seeds through the style. We hypothesized that prior to environmental exposure, style tissue already possesses bacteria that can protect styles and seed from such pathogens. We further hypothesized that farmers have been inadvertently selecting immature styles over many generations to have such bacteria. We tested these hypotheses in maize, a wind-pollinated crop, which has unusually long styles (silks) that are invaded by the economically-important fungal pathogen (). Here, unpollinated silk-associated bacteria were cultured from a wild teosinte ancestor of maize and diverse maize landraces selected by indigenous farmers across the Americas, grown in a common Canadian field for one season. The bacteria were taxonomically classified using 16S rRNA sequencing. In total, 201 bacteria were cultured, spanning 29 genera, 63 species, and 62 unique OTUs, dominated by and . These bacteria were tested for their ability to suppress which identified 10 strains belonging to 6 species: , and Two anti- strains were sprayed onto silks before/after inoculation, resulting in ≤90% reductions in disease (Gibberella ear rot) and 70-100% reductions in associated mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol and zearalenone) in progeny seeds. These strains also protected progeny seeds post-harvest. Confocal fluorescent imaging showed that one silk bacterium ( AS112) colonized susceptible entry points of on living silks including stigmatic trichomes, wounds, and epidermal surfaces where they formed thick biofilms. Post-infection, AS112 was associated with masses of dead hyphae. These results suggest that the maize style (silk) is endowed with potent bacteria from the mother plant to protect itself and progeny from . The evidence suggests this trait may have been selected by specific indigenous peoples, though this interpretation requires further study.
PubMed: 38111882
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1292109 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Apr 2024Phage Damascus was isolated from soil in northwestern Wisconsin using as the host. The Damascus genome is 56,477 bp with 3' single-stranded overhangs and 56.5% G+C...
Phage Damascus was isolated from soil in northwestern Wisconsin using as the host. The Damascus genome is 56,477 bp with 3' single-stranded overhangs and 56.5% G+C content. Damascus was assigned to cluster EL and shares 42.6%-91.7% gene content with the three other phages in this cluster.
PubMed: 38624212
DOI: 10.1128/mra.01287-23 -
PloS One 2023The nitrate (NO3-) reducing bacteria resident in the oral cavity have been implicated as key mediators of nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis and human health. NO3--reducing... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The nitrate (NO3-) reducing bacteria resident in the oral cavity have been implicated as key mediators of nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis and human health. NO3--reducing oral bacteria reduce inorganic dietary NO3- to nitrite (NO2-) via the NO3--NO2--NO pathway. Studies of oral NO3--reducing bacteria have typically sampled from either the tongue surface or saliva. The aim of this study was to assess whether other areas in the mouth could contain a physiologically relevant abundance of NO3- reducing bacteria, which may be important for sampling in clinical studies. The bacterial composition of seven oral sample types from 300 individuals were compared using a meta-analysis of the Human Microbiome Project data. This analysis revealed significant differences in the proportions of 20 well-established oral bacteria and highly abundant NO3--reducing bacteria across each oral site. The genera included Actinomyces, Brevibacillus, Campylobacter, Capnocytophaga, Corynebacterium, Eikenella, Fusobacterium, Granulicatella, Haemophilus, Leptotrichia, Microbacterium, Neisseria, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Propionibacterium, Rothia, Selenomonas, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Veillonella. The highest proportion of NO3--reducing bacteria was observed in saliva, where eight of the bacterial genera were found in higher proportion than on the tongue dorsum, whilst the lowest proportions were found in the hard oral surfaces. Saliva also demonstrated higher intra-individual variability and bacterial diversity. This study provides new information on where samples should be taken in the oral cavity to assess the abundance of NO3--reducing bacteria. Taking saliva samples may benefit physiological studies, as saliva contained the highest abundance of NO3- reducing bacteria and is less invasive than other sampling methods. These results inform future studies coupling oral NO3--reducing bacteria research with physiological outcomes affecting human health.
Topics: Humans; Nitrates; Nitrogen Dioxide; Mouth; Bacteria; Saliva; Microbiota; Streptococcus
PubMed: 38127919
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295058 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Nov 2023Discovered in Pocatello, Idaho, soil near a tomato garden, siphovirus KillerTomato infects NRRL B-24224. KillerTomato is a lytic cluster EE phage with a 17,442-bp...
Discovered in Pocatello, Idaho, soil near a tomato garden, siphovirus KillerTomato infects NRRL B-24224. KillerTomato is a lytic cluster EE phage with a 17,442-bp genome and 68.6% GC content. Of 25 genes, 20 were assigned putative functions, including a putative tail assembly chaperone protein with a programmed frameshift and an endolysin.
PubMed: 37877714
DOI: 10.1128/MRA.00852-23 -
Bioresources and Bioprocessing Jun 2024Esterases are crucial biocatalysts in chiral compound synthesis. Herein, a novel esterase EstSIT01 belonging to family V was identified from Microbacterium chocolatum...
Esterases are crucial biocatalysts in chiral compound synthesis. Herein, a novel esterase EstSIT01 belonging to family V was identified from Microbacterium chocolatum SIT101 through genome mining and phylogenetic analysis. EstSIT01 demonstrated remarkable efficiency in asymmetrically hydrolyzing meso-dimethyl ester [Dimethyl cis-1,3-Dibenzyl-2-imidazolidine-4,5-dicarboxyate], producing over 99% yield and 99% enantiomeric excess (e.e.) for (4S, 5R)-monomethyl ester, a crucial chiral intermediate during the synthesis of d-biotin. Notably, the recombinant E. coli expressing EstSIT01 exhibited over 40-fold higher activity than that of the wild strain. EstSIT01 displays a preference for short-chain p-NP esters. The optimal temperature and pH were 45 °C and 10.0, with K and k values of 0.147 mmol/L and 5.808 s, respectively. Molecular docking and MD simulations suggest that the high stereoselectivity for meso-diester may attribute to the narrow entrance tunnel and unique binding pocket structure. Collectively, EstSIT01 holds great potential for preparing chiral carboxylic acids and esters.
PubMed: 38879848
DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00776-2 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Jun 2024We characterized the complete genome sequence of phiMiGM15, a lytic bacteriophage with siphovirus morphology that infects . Its 48.6 kb genome contains 81 putative genes...
We characterized the complete genome sequence of phiMiGM15, a lytic bacteriophage with siphovirus morphology that infects . Its 48.6 kb genome contains 81 putative genes and shows coverage of 28% with 82.26% of nucleotide identity to phage Caron accession number OQ190481.1.
PubMed: 38700345
DOI: 10.1128/mra.00302-24 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Aug 2023Postmenopausal osteoporosis is the most common type of osteoporosis. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been successfully employed as food supplement against osteoarthritis,...
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is the most common type of osteoporosis. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been successfully employed as food supplement against osteoarthritis, while the therapeutic potential on postmenopausal osteoporosis is little explored. In this study, CS oligosaccharides (CSOs) were enzymatically prepared through the lysis of CS by a chondroitinase from Microbacterium sp. Strain. The alleviating effects of CS, CSOs and Caltrate D (a clinically used supplement) on ovariectomy (OVX) - induced rat's osteoporosis were comparatively investigated. Our data showed that the prepared CSOs was basically unsaturated CS disaccharide mixture of ∆Di4S (53.1%), ∆Di6S (27.7%) and ∆Di0S (17.7%). 12 weeks' intragastric administration of Caltrate D (250 mg/kg/d), CS or CSOs (500 mg/kg/d, 250 mg/kg/d, 125 mg/kg/d) could obviously regulate the disorder of serum indices, recover the mechanical strength and mineral content of bone, improve the cortical bones' density and the number and length of trabecular bones in OVX rats. Both CS and CSOs in 500 mg/kg/d and 250 mg/kg/d could restore more efficiently the serum indices, bone fracture deflection and femur Ca than Caltrate D. As compared with CS at the same dosage, CSOs exhibited a more significant alleviating effect. These findings suggested that there was great potential of CSOs as daily interventions for delaying the progression of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Topics: Female; Humans; Rats; Animals; Chondroitin Sulfates; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Osteoporosis; Bone Density; Oligosaccharides; Ovariectomy
PubMed: 37209629
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114894 -
The ISME Journal Jan 2024Microorganisms colonizing plant roots co-exist in complex, spatially structured multispecies biofilm communities. However, little is known about microbial interactions...
Microorganisms colonizing plant roots co-exist in complex, spatially structured multispecies biofilm communities. However, little is known about microbial interactions and the underlying spatial organization within biofilm communities established on plant roots. Here, a well-established four-species biofilm model (Stenotrophomonas rhizophila, Paenibacillus amylolyticus, Microbacterium oxydans, and Xanthomonas retroflexus, termed as SPMX) was applied to Arabidopsis roots to study the impact of multispecies biofilm on plant growth and the community spatial dynamics on the roots. SPMX co-culture notably promoted root development and plant biomass. Co-cultured SPMX increased root colonization and formed multispecies biofilms, structurally different from those formed by monocultures. By combining 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization with confocal laser scanning microscopy, we found that the composition and spatial organization of the four-species biofilm significantly changed over time. Monoculture P. amylolyticus colonized plant roots poorly, but its population and root colonization were highly enhanced when residing in the four-species biofilm. Exclusion of P. amylolyticus from the community reduced overall biofilm production and root colonization of the three species, resulting in the loss of the plant growth-promoting effects. Combined with spatial analysis, this led to identification of P. amylolyticus as a keystone species. Our findings highlight that weak root colonizers may benefit from mutualistic interactions in complex communities and hereby become important keystone species impacting community spatial organization and function. This work expands the knowledge on spatial organization uncovering interspecific interactions in multispecies biofilm communities on plant roots, beneficial for harnessing microbial mutualism promoting plant growth.
Topics: In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Biofilms; Microbial Interactions; Symbiosis
PubMed: 38365935
DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae012