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Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2023Molecular imaging has emerged as a powerful tool for clinical diagnosis [...].
Molecular imaging has emerged as a powerful tool for clinical diagnosis [...].
PubMed: 37895977
DOI: 10.3390/ph16101506 -
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Dec 2023Chronic knee pain is a common condition. Causes of knee pain include trauma, inflammation, and degeneration, but in many patients the pathophysiology remains unknown.... (Review)
Review
Chronic knee pain is a common condition. Causes of knee pain include trauma, inflammation, and degeneration, but in many patients the pathophysiology remains unknown. Recent developments in advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques and molecular imaging facilitate more in-depth research focused on the pathophysiology of chronic musculoskeletal pain and more specifically inflammation. The forthcoming new insights can help develop better targeted treatment, and some imaging techniques may even serve as imaging biomarkers for predicting and assessing treatment response in the future. This review highlights the latest developments in perfusion MRI, diffusion MRI, and molecular imaging with positron emission tomography/MRI and their application in the painful knee. The primary focus is synovial inflammation, also known as synovitis. Bone perfusion and bone metabolism are also addressed.
Topics: Humans; Knee Joint; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Synovitis; Musculoskeletal Pain; Inflammation; Molecular Imaging
PubMed: 37935208
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1775741 -
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Dec 2023Chronic musculoskeletal pain is among the most highly prevalent diseases worldwide. Managing patients with chronic pain remains very challenging because current imaging...
Chronic musculoskeletal pain is among the most highly prevalent diseases worldwide. Managing patients with chronic pain remains very challenging because current imaging techniques focus on morphological causes of pain that can be inaccurate and misleading. Moving away from anatomical constructs of disease, molecular imaging has emerged as a method to identify diseases according to their molecular, physiologic, or cellular signatures that can be applied to the variety of biomolecular changes that occur in nociception and pain processing and therefore have tremendous potential for precisely pinpointing the source of a patient's pain. Several molecular imaging approaches to image the painful process are now available, including imaging of voltage-gated sodium channels, calcium channels, hypermetabolic processes, the substance P receptor, the sigma-1 receptor, and imaging of macrophage trafficking. This article provides an overview of promising molecular imaging approaches for the imaging of musculoskeletal pain with a focus on preclinical methods.
Topics: Humans; Musculoskeletal Pain; Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels
PubMed: 37935213
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1775745 -
Abdominal Radiology (New York) Dec 2023Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men in the United States. Imaging techniques such as CT, MRI, and bone scans have traditionally... (Review)
Review
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men in the United States. Imaging techniques such as CT, MRI, and bone scans have traditionally been used for diagnosis and staging. Molecular imaging modalities targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) have recently gained attention due to their high affinity and accuracy. PSMA PET has been combined with other modalities such as multiparametric MRI for better diagnostic and prognostic performance. PSMA imaging has been studied at different clinical settings with a wide range of disease aggressiveness. In this review we will explore the role of PSMA PET in high-risk prostate cancer staging, biochemical recurrence, and castration-resistant prostate cancer. The primary focus of this review article is to examine the latest developments in the use of PSMA imaging and emphasize the clinical situations where its effectiveness has been demonstrated to significantly impact the treatment of prostate cancer. In addition, we will touch upon the potential future advancements of PSMA PET imaging and its evolving significance in the management of prostate cancer.
Topics: Humans; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Choline; Neoplasm Staging; Recurrence; Molecular Targeted Therapy
PubMed: 37493837
DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-04002-z -
The Journal of Infectious Diseases Oct 2023Molecular imaging of viral infection, using a variety of advanced imaging techniques such as optical and nuclear imaging, can and has been used for direct visualization... (Review)
Review
Molecular imaging of viral infection, using a variety of advanced imaging techniques such as optical and nuclear imaging, can and has been used for direct visualization of the virus as well as assessment of virus-host interactions. Unlike imaging of other pathogens such as bacteria and fungi, challenging aspects of imaging viral infections include the small size of viruses, the complexity of viral infection animal models (eg, species dependence), and the high-level containment needs for many high-consequence pathogens, among others. In this review, using representative viral infections, we discuss how molecular imaging can reveal real-time infection dynamics, improve our understanding of disease pathogenesis, and guide optimization of treatment and prevention strategies. Key findings from human and animal studies are highlighted.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Virus Diseases; Viruses; Host Microbial Interactions; Molecular Imaging
PubMed: 37788495
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad247 -
Current Opinion in Structural Biology Aug 2023Super-resolution microscopy is a series of imaging techniques that bypass the diffraction limit of resolution. Since the 1990s, optical approaches, such as... (Review)
Review
Super-resolution microscopy is a series of imaging techniques that bypass the diffraction limit of resolution. Since the 1990s, optical approaches, such as single-molecular localization microscopy, have allowed us to visualize biological samples from the sub-organelle to the molecular level. Recently, a chemical approach called expansion microscopy emerged as a new trend in super-resolution microscopy. It physically enlarges cells and tissues, which leads to an increase in the effective resolution of any microscope by the length expansion factor. Compared with optical approaches, expansion microscopy has a lower cost and higher imaging depth but requires a more complex procedure. The integration of expansion microscopy and advanced microscopes significantly pushed forward the boundary of super-resolution microscopy. This review covers the current state of the art in expansion microscopy, including the latest methods and their applications, as well as challenges and opportunities for future research.
Topics: Microscopy, Fluorescence; Single Molecule Imaging
PubMed: 37253290
DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2023.102614 -
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 2023Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurological dementia, specified by extracellular β-amyloid plaque deposition, neurofibrillary tangles, and... (Review)
Review
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurological dementia, specified by extracellular β-amyloid plaque deposition, neurofibrillary tangles, and cognitive impairment. AD-associated pathologies like cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) are also affiliated with cognitive impairment and have overlapping molecular drivers, including amyloid buildup. Discerning the complexity of these neurological disorders remains a significant challenge, and the spatiomolecular relationships between pathogenic features of AD and AD-associated pathologies remain poorly understood. This review highlights recent developments in spatial omics, including profiling and molecular imaging methods, and how they are applied to AD. These emerging technologies aim to characterize the relationship between how specific cell types and tissue features are organized in combination with mapping molecular distributions to provide a systems biology view of the tissue microenvironment around these neuropathologies. As spatial omics methods achieve greater resolution and improved molecular coverage, they are enabling deeper characterization of the molecular drivers of AD, leading to new possibilities for the prediction, diagnosis, and mitigation of this debilitating disease.
PubMed: 37533766
DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1150512 -
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences 2023Theranostic in nuclear medicine combines diagnostic imaging and internal irradiation therapy using different therapeutic nuclear probes for visual diagnosis and precise... (Review)
Review
Theranostic in nuclear medicine combines diagnostic imaging and internal irradiation therapy using different therapeutic nuclear probes for visual diagnosis and precise treatment. GLP-1R is a popular receptor target in endocrine diseases, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, tumors, and other areas. Likewise, it has also made breakthroughs in the development of molecular imaging. It was recognized that GLP-1R imaging originated from the study of insulinoma and afterwards was expanded in application including islet transplantation, pancreatic β-cell mass measurement, and ATP-dependent potassium channel-related endocrine diseases. Fortunately, GLP-1R molecular imaging has been involved in ischemic cardiomyocytes and neurodegenerative diseases. These signs illustrate the power of GLP-1R molecular imaging in the development of medicine. However, it is still limited to imaging diagnosis research in the current molecular imaging environment. The lack of molecular-targeted therapeutics related report hinders its radiology theranostic. In this article, the current research status, challenges, and emerging opportunities for GLP-1R molecular imaging are discussed in order to open a new path for theranostics and to promote the evolution of molecular medicine.
PubMed: 37780209
DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1210347 -
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2023Molecular imaging is partly defined as in vivo imaging of biological or biochemical processes using various markers [...].
Molecular imaging is partly defined as in vivo imaging of biological or biochemical processes using various markers [...].
PubMed: 38256883
DOI: 10.3390/ph17010049