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PeerJ 2023Quinoa ( Willd.) is a highly nutritious food product with a comprehensive development prospect. Here, we discussed the effect of 11B91 on the growth, development and...
Quinoa ( Willd.) is a highly nutritious food product with a comprehensive development prospect. Here, we discussed the effect of 11B91 on the growth, development and salt tolerance (salt concentrations: 0, 150, 300 mmol·L) of quinoa and highlighted a positive role for the application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria bacteria in quinoa. In this artical, the growth-promoting effect of 11B91 on quinoa (Longli No.1) and the changes in biomass, chlorophyll content, root activity and total phosphorus content under salt stress were measured. The results revealed that plants inoculated with 11B91 exhibited increased maximum shoot fresh weight (73.95%), root fresh weight (75.36%), root dry weight (136%), chlorophyll (65.32%) contents and chlorophyll (58.5%) contents, root activity (54.44%) and total phosphorus content (16.66%). Additionally, plants inoculated with 11B91 under salt stress plants showed significantly improved, fresh weight (107%), dry weight (133%), chlorophyll (162%) contents and chlorophyll (76.37%) contents, root activity (33.07%), and total phosphorus content (42.73%).
Topics: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; Chenopodium quinoa; Chlorophyll A; Phosphorus; Salt Stress
PubMed: 37641595
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15925 -
The Science of the Total Environment Oct 2023Blooms of blue-green algae (BGA) threaten drinking water safety and ecosystems worldwide. Understanding mechanisms and driving factors that promote BGA proliferation is...
Blooms of blue-green algae (BGA) threaten drinking water safety and ecosystems worldwide. Understanding mechanisms and driving factors that promote BGA proliferation is crucial for effective freshwater management. This study tested the response of BGA growth to environmental variations driven by nutrients (N and P), N:P ratios, and flow regime depending on the influence of the Asian monsoon intensity and identified the critical regulatory factors in a temperate drinking-water reservoir, using weekly interval samplings collected during 2017-2022. The hydrodynamic and underwater light conditions experienced significant changes in summers due to high inflows and outflows associated with intense rainfalls, and these conditions strongly influenced the proliferation of BGA and total phytoplankton biomass (as estimated by chlorophyll-a [CHL-a]) during summer monsoons. However, the intense monsoon resulted in the post-monsoon blooms of BGA. The monsoon-induced phosphorus enrichment, facilitated through soil washing and runoff, was crucial in promoting phytoplankton blooms in early post-monsoon (September). Thus, the monomodal phytoplankton peak was evident in the system, compared to the bimodal peaks in North American and European lakes. Strong water column stability in the weak monsoon years depressed phytoplankton growth and BGA, suggesting the importance of the intensity of monsoon. The low N:P ratios and longer water residence time increased BGA abundance. The predictive model of BGA abundance accounted for the variations largely (Mallows' C = 0.39, adjusted R = 0.55, p < 0.001) by dissolved phosphorus, N:P ratios, CHL-a, and inflow volume. Overall, this study suggests that monsoon intensity was the key triggering factor regulating the interannual BGA variations and facilitated the post-monsoon blooms through increased nutrient availability.
Topics: Drinking Water; Seasons; Ecosystem; Cyanobacteria; Chlorophyll; Phytoplankton; Lakes; Phosphorus; Eutrophication
PubMed: 37419340
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165306 -
BMC Nephrology Sep 2023Patients with kidney failure experience derangements of circulating markers of mineral metabolism and dysregulation of skeletal and cardiovascular physiology which... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Patients with kidney failure experience derangements of circulating markers of mineral metabolism and dysregulation of skeletal and cardiovascular physiology which results in high mortality rate in these patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of intradialytic exercise on regulation of these abnormalities in patients receiving chronic hemodialysis (HD).
METHODS
In this randomized controlled trial conducted in an HD center in Iran, adult patients receiving chronic HD were randomized to intradialytic exercise (60 min) in the second hour of thrice weekly dialysis for 6 months (intervention) or no intradialytic exercise (control). The primary outcomes were serum calcium, serum phosphorous and parathyroid hormone levels. Secondary outcomes were serum alkaline phosphatase and calcium-phosphorous product.
RESULTS
The study included 44 participants randomized to intervention (n = 22) or control (n = 22). During the 6-month intervention period, significant between-group changes were observed in all primary and secondary outcomes between the intervention and control groups. Statistical analyses reveal a significant increase in serum calcium (P < 0.05) as well as a significant decrease in serum phosphorous, parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase and calcium-phosphorous product (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Intradialytic exercise performed for at least 60 min during thrice weekly dialysis sessions improves bone mineral metabolism in adult patients receiving HD. Further studies should focus on observing and comparing the effect of different types of exercise on bone mineral disorders and all-cause mortality in HD patients.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04916743, Registered on 08/06/2021. Registered trial name: The Effect of Intradialytic Exercise on Calcium, Phosphorous and Parathyroid Hormone: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Calcium; Parathyroid Hormone; Phosphorus; Alkaline Phosphatase; Renal Dialysis; Calcium, Dietary; Bone Diseases
PubMed: 37730530
DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03327-7 -
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Oct 2023Fertilization and cultivation managements exert significant effects on crop growth and soil-associated nutrients in croplands. However, there is a lack of knowledge...
Fertilization and cultivation management promotes soil phosphorus availability by enhancing soil P-cycling enzymes and the phosphatase encoding genes in bulk and rhizosphere soil of a maize crop in sloping cropland.
Fertilization and cultivation managements exert significant effects on crop growth and soil-associated nutrients in croplands. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding how these practices affect soil phosphorus-cycling enzymes and functional genes involved in regulating global P-cycling, especially under intense agricultural management practices in sloping croplands. A long-term field (15-year) trial was conducted in a 15° sloping field based on five treatments: no fertilizer amendments + downslope cultivation (CK); mixed treatment of mineral fertilizer and organic manure + downslope cultivation (T1); mineral fertilizer alone + downslope cultivation (T2); 1.5-fold mineral fertilizer + downslope cultivation (T3); and mineral fertilizer + contour cultivation (T4). Bulk and rhizosphere soil samples were collected after the maize crop was harvested to determine the P fraction, P-cycling enzymes, and phosphatase-encoding genes. Results indicated that fertilization management significantly increased the inorganic (Pi) and organic soil (Po) P fractions compared to CK, except for NaOH-extractable Po in T1 and T3 in bulk and rhizosphere soils, respectively. For the cultivation treatments, the content of Pi pools in the downslope cultivation of T1 and T3 was significantly larger than that in the contour cultivation of T4 in bulk and rhizosphere soils. However, the content of NaOH-extractable Po in T1 and T3 was lower compared to T4 in bulk soil and vice versa for the NaHCO-P and HCl-Po fractions in the rhizosphere. We also found that fertilization and cultivation managements significantly increased the activity of acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), phytase, phosphodiesterases (PDE), and phoC and phoD gene abundance in bulk and rhizosphere soils, with a larger effect on the activity of ALP and the phosphatase encoding phoD gene, especially in T1 and T3 in the rhizosphere. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and microbial biomass C and P (MBC and MBP) were the main predictors for regulating P-cycling enzymes and phoC- and phoD gene abundance. A strong association of P-cycling enzymes, especially ALP and phytase, and the abundance of phoD genes with the P fraction indicated that the soil P cycle was mainly mediated by microbial-related processes. Together, our results demonstrated that an adequate amount of mineral fertilizer alone or combined with organic fertilizer plus downslope cultivation is more effective in promoting soil P availability by enhancing the activity of ALP, phytase, and phoD genes. This provides valuable information for sustaining soil microbial-regulated P management practices in similar agricultural lands worldwide.
Topics: Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Zea mays; Phosphorus; Soil; 6-Phytase; Carbon; Rhizosphere; Sodium Hydroxide; Alkaline Phosphatase; Coloring Agents; Fertilizers; Fertilization; Crops, Agricultural
PubMed: 37677974
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115441 -
Nefrologia Dec 2023Hemodialysis wastewater contains high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus. Recovery of these nutrients as soil fertilizers represents an interesting...
INTRODUCTION
Hemodialysis wastewater contains high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus. Recovery of these nutrients as soil fertilizers represents an interesting opportunity to ensure a sustainable fertilizer supply.
METHODS
In this paper, a simple method for recovering phosphorous and nitrogen as crystalline struvite [MgNHPO·6HO] is presented. An integrated cost model is also presented in order to create a positive business case.
RESULTS
Recovery rates in form of struvite of 95% of PO-P and 23% of NH-N were achieved with a profit.
CONCLUSION
To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to study the recovery of these naturally occurring minerals from hemodialysis wastewater. This offers great potential for the valorization of this type of wastewater.
Topics: Wastewater; Phosphorus; Struvite; Fertilizers; Phosphates; Nitrogen
PubMed: 38245438
DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2023.05.007 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Jun 2024Understanding how microbial lipidomes adapt to environmental and nutrient stress is crucial for comprehending microbial survival and functionality. Certain anaerobic...
Understanding how microbial lipidomes adapt to environmental and nutrient stress is crucial for comprehending microbial survival and functionality. Certain anaerobic bacteria can synthesize glycerolipids with ether/ester bonds, yet the complexities of their lipidome remodeling under varying physicochemical and nutritional conditions remain largely unexplored. In this study, we thoroughly examined the lipidome adaptations of strain PF2803, a mesophilic anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacterium known for its high proportions of alkylglycerol ether lipids in its membrane, under various cultivation conditions including temperature, pH, salinity, and ammonium and phosphorous concentrations. Employing an extensive analytical and computational lipidomic methodology, we identified an assemblage of nearly 400 distinct lipids, including a range of glycerol ether/ester lipids with various polar head groups. Information theory-based analysis revealed that temperature fluctuations and phosphate scarcity profoundly influenced the lipidome's composition, leading to an enhanced diversity and specificity of novel lipids. Notably, phosphorous limitation led to the biosynthesis of novel glucuronosylglycerols and sulfur-containing aminolipids, termed butyramide cysteine glycerols, featuring various ether/ester bonds. This suggests a novel adaptive strategy for anaerobic heterotrophs to thrive under phosphorus-depleted conditions, characterized by a diverse array of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing polar head groups, moving beyond a reliance on conventional nonphospholipid types.
Topics: Phosphorus; Sulfur; Lipidomics; Nitrogen; Adaptation, Physiological; Sulfates; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Anaerobiosis
PubMed: 38833476
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2400711121 -
Nutrients Dec 2023Adequate water intake and optimal hydration status during pregnancy are crucial for maternal and infant health. However, research on water intake by pregnant women in...
Adequate water intake and optimal hydration status during pregnancy are crucial for maternal and infant health. However, research on water intake by pregnant women in China is very limited. This study mainly aimed to observe the daily total water intake (TWI) of pregnant women and its different sources and to investigate the relationship between their water intake and hydration biomarkers. From October to November 2020, a convenience sample of pregnant women in the second trimester ( = 21) was recruited. Under conditions close to daily life, they undertook a 3-day metabolic trial. Each participant was provided with sufficient bottled water, and the weight of what they drank each time was measured. The intake of other beverages and foods was measured using a combination of weighing and duplicate portion method. Fasting venous blood and 24 h urine samples were collected and analyzed for the hydration biomarkers, including the serum/urine osmolality, urine pH, urine specific gravity, and the concentrations of major electrolytes in urine and serum. The results showed that the mean daily TWI was 3151 mL, of which water from beverages and foods accounted for 60.1% and 39.9%, respectively. The mean total fluid intake (TFI) was 1970 mL, with plain water being the primary contributor (68.7%, = 0.896). Among the participants, 66.7% ( = 14, Group 1) met the TWI recommendation set by the Chinese Nutrition Society. Further analysis revealed that the TFI, water from beverages and foods, plain water, and milk and milk derivatives (MMDs) were significantly higher in Group 1 than those who did not reach the adequate intake value (Group 2) ( < 0.05). The results of hydration biomarkers showed that the mean 24 h urine volume in Group 1 was significantly higher than that in Group 2 ( < 0.05), while the 24 h urine osmolality, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, chloride, and creatinine concentrations in Group 1 were significantly lower than those in Group 2 ( < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in serum biomarkers. Partial correlation analysis showed that TWI was moderately positively correlated with 24 h urine volume ( 0.675) and negatively correlated with urine osmolality, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, and chloride concentrations ( = from-0.505 to -0.769), but it was not significantly correlated with serum biomarkers. Therefore, under free-living conditions, increasing the daily intake of plain water and MMDs is beneficial for pregnant women to maintain optimal hydration. The hydration biomarkers in urine are more accurate indicators of water intake and exhibit greater sensitivity compared to serum biomarkers. These findings provide a scientific basis for establishing appropriate water intake and hydration status for pregnant women in China.
Topics: Pregnancy; Infant; Humans; Female; Animals; Pregnancy Trimester, Second; Pregnant Women; Chlorides; Drinking; Magnesium; China; Milk; Biomarkers; Phosphorus; Sodium; Water
PubMed: 38201946
DOI: 10.3390/nu16010116 -
Annals of Botany Aug 2023Growing evidence has suggested that plant responses to model soil microorganisms are context dependent; however, few studies have investigated the effects of whole soil...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Growing evidence has suggested that plant responses to model soil microorganisms are context dependent; however, few studies have investigated the effects of whole soil microbial communities on plant performance in different abiotic and biotic conditions. To address this, we examined how soil phosphorus (P) availability and different planting patterns regulate soil microbial effects on the growth of two native plant species in a semiarid steppe.
METHODS
We carried out a glasshouse experiment to explore the effects of the whole indigenous soil microbiota on the growth and performance of Leymus chinensis and Cleistogenes squarrosa using soil sterilization with different soil P availabilities and planting patterns (monoculture and mixture). Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to explain the potential molecular mechanisms of the soil microbial effects on C. squarrosa.
KEY RESULTS
The soil sterilization treatment significantly increased the biomass of L. chinensis and C. squarrosa in both monoculture and mixture conditions, which indicated that the soil microbiota had negative growth effects on both plants. The addition of P neutralized the negative microbial effects for both L. chinensis and C. squarrosa, whereas the mixture treatment amplified the negative microbial effects on L. chinensis but alleviated them on C. squarrosa. Transcriptomic analysis from C. squarrosa roots underscored that the negative soil microbial effects were induced by the upregulation of defence genes. The P addition treatment resulted in significant decreases in the number of differentially expressed genes attributable to the soil microbiota, and some defence genes were downregulated.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results underline that indigenous soil microbiota have negative effects on the growth of two dominant plant species from a semiarid steppe, but their effects are highly dependent on the soil P availability and planting patterns. They also indicate that defence genes might play a key role in controlling plant growth responses to the soil microbiota.
Topics: Soil; Phosphorus; Soil Microbiology; Plants; Poaceae
PubMed: 36661120
DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad012 -
Microbes and Environments 2024Microcystins (MCs) produced by Microcystis aeruginosa are harmful to animal and human health, and there is currently no effective method for their removal. Therefore,...
Microcystins (MCs) produced by Microcystis aeruginosa are harmful to animal and human health, and there is currently no effective method for their removal. Therefore, the development of biological approaches that inhibit cyanobacteria and remove MCs is needed. We identified strain MB1, confirmed as Morchella, using morphological and mole-cular evolution methods. To assess the impact of strain MB1 on M. aeruginosa, we conducted an experiment in which we inoculated M. aeruginosa with Morchella strain MB1. After their co-cultivation for 4 d, the inoculation with 0.9696 g MB1 completely inhibited and removed M. aeruginosa while concurrently removing up to 95% of the MC content. Moreover, within 3 d of their co-cultivation, MB1 removed more than 50% of nitrogen and phosphorus from the M. aeruginosa solution. Therefore, the development of effective biological techniques for MC removal is paramount in safeguarding both the environment and human well-being. We herein successfully isolated MB1 from its natural habitat. This strain effectively inhibited and removed M. aeruginosa and also reduced the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the M. aeruginosa solution. Most importantly, it exhibited a robust capability to eliminate MCs. The present results offer a new method and technical reference for mitigating harmful algal blooms.
Topics: Microcystins; Microcystis; Phosphorus; Nitrogen; Harmful Algal Bloom
PubMed: 38763742
DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME23101 -
Journal of Environmental Management Mar 2024Cover crops (CC) can improve phosphorus (P) cycling by reducing water related P losses and contributing to P nutrition of a rotational crop. This is particularly...
Cover crops (CC) can improve phosphorus (P) cycling by reducing water related P losses and contributing to P nutrition of a rotational crop. This is particularly important in claypan soils with freeze-thaw cycles in early spring in the Midwest U.S. This 4-year study (2019-2022) examined the impact of CC monoculture and mix of CC species on P losses from a fertilizer application, and determined the P balance in soil compared to no cover crop (noCC). The CC mix consisted of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), radish (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. Sativus), and turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. Rapa) (3xCCmix) in 2019 and 2021 before corn, and cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) was planted as monoculture before soybean in 2020 and 2022. The 3xCCmix had no effect on total phosphorus (TP) and dissolved reactive phosphorus (PO-P) concentration or load in 2019 and 2021. Cereal rye reduced TP and PO-P load 70% and 73%, respectively, compared to noCC. The variation in soil moisture, temperature, and net precipitation from fertilizer application until CC termination affected available soil P pools due to variability in CC species P uptake, residue decomposition, and P loss in surface water runoff. Overall, the P budget calculations showed cereal rye had 2.4 kg ha greater P uptake compared to the 3xCCmix species which also reduced P loss in water and had greater differences in soil P status compared to noCC. This study highlights the benefit of CCs in reducing P loss in surface runoff and immobilizing P through plant uptake. However, these effects were minimal with 3xCCmix species and variability in crop residue decomposition from different CC species could affect overall P-soil balance.
Topics: Agriculture; Phosphorus; Fertilizers; Soil; Crops, Agricultural; Edible Grain; Zea mays; Secale; Water
PubMed: 38457890
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120431