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Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Dec 2023Poliomyelitis is an acute infectious disease caused by poliovirus. This bibliometric analysis aims to examine the status of poliomyelitis research in the past... (Review)
Review
Poliomyelitis is an acute infectious disease caused by poliovirus. This bibliometric analysis aims to examine the status of poliomyelitis research in the past 20 years. Information regarding polio research was obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database. CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Excel were used to perform visual and bibliometric analysis with respect to countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals and keywords. A total of 5,335 publications on poliomyelitis were published from 2002 to 2021. The USA was the county with the majority of publications. Additionally, the most productive institution was the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sutter, RW produced the most papers and had the most co-citations. was the journal with the most polio-related publications and citations. The most common keywords were mainly about polio immunology research ("polio," "immunization," "children," "eradication" and "vaccine"). Our study is helpful for identifying research hotspots and providing direction for future research on poliomyelitis.
Topics: United States; Child; Humans; Poliomyelitis; Bibliometrics; Poliovirus; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; Databases, Factual
PubMed: 36803526
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2173905 -
The Lancet. Microbe Dec 2023
Topics: Humans; Poliomyelitis; Global Health
PubMed: 38042153
DOI: 10.1016/S2666-5247(23)00371-3 -
Neurological Research and Practice Aug 2023Over the last century, significant milestones have been achieved in managing critical illness and diagnosing and treating neurological diseases. Building upon these... (Review)
Review
Over the last century, significant milestones have been achieved in managing critical illness and diagnosing and treating neurological diseases. Building upon these milestones, the field of neurocritical care emerged in the 1980 and 1990 s at the convergence of critical care medicine and acute neurological treatment. This comprehensive review presents a historical account of key developments in neurocritical care in both the United States and Europe, with a special emphasis on German contributions. The scope of the review encompasses: the foundations of neurocritical care, including post-operative units in the 1920s and 30s, respiratory support during the poliomyelitis epidemics in the 40 and 50 s, cardiac and hemodynamic care in the 60 and 70 s, and stroke units in the 80 and 90 s; key innovations including cerebral angiography, computed tomography, and intracranial pressure and multi-modal monitoring; and advances in stroke, traumatic brain injury, cardiac arrest, neuromuscular disorders, meningitis and encephalitis. These advances have revolutionized the management of neurological emergencies, emphasizing interdisciplinary teamwork, evidence-based protocols, and personalized approaches to care.
PubMed: 37559106
DOI: 10.1186/s42466-023-00271-7 -
Bulletin of the World Health... Dec 2023A decrease in vaccine coverage in conflict-affected areas has placed Yemen at higher risk of polio outbreaks caused by vaccine-derived poliovirus strains.
PROBLEM
A decrease in vaccine coverage in conflict-affected areas has placed Yemen at higher risk of polio outbreaks caused by vaccine-derived poliovirus strains.
APPROACH
In response to polio outbreaks, the Yemeni health ministry and partners initiated multiple vaccination campaigns to deliver vaccines to children. We also implemented several measures to enhance communication, education, health promotion and hygiene, especially in camps for internally displaced people.
LOCAL SETTING
In 2009, Yemen achieved polio-free status and maintained it until 2019. However, the ongoing political conflict since 2015, coupled with challenges in delivering the polio vaccine to conflict-affected areas, resulted in two polio outbreaks: 35 cases caused by vaccine-derived poliovirus strain 1 between 2019 and 2021, and 230 cases due to vaccine-derived poliovirus strain 2 between November 2021 and December 2022.
RELEVANT CHANGES
In response to the first outbreak, by the end of 2020, we vaccinated 7.2 million children through nationwide vaccination campaigns, except in Sa'ada governorate due to a ban by the authorities. By the end of 2021, 3 800 313 children younger than 5 years had received polio vaccines. For the second outbreak, by the end of 2022, 4 463 389 vaccines had been given to children younger than 10 years, and 1 217 423 to those younger than 5 years.
LESSONS LEARNT
Vaccination campaigns in conflict-affected areas with low vaccine coverage remain crucial in eradicating polio. Efforts are needed to reach vulnerable groups such as displaced populations. Advocacy, communication and social mobilization actions help ensure broader public inclusion and participation in vaccination efforts to prevent polio outbreaks.
Topics: Child; Humans; Yemen; Poliomyelitis; Poliovirus; Poliovirus Vaccines; Disease Outbreaks
PubMed: 38024246
DOI: 10.2471/BLT.23.290122