-
Gut Microbes 2024The gut microbiota is vital for human body development and function. Its development in early life is influenced by various environmental factors. In this randomized... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
The gut microbiota is vital for human body development and function. Its development in early life is influenced by various environmental factors. In this randomized controlled trial, the gut microbiota was obtained as a secondary outcome measure in a study on the effects of one hour of daily skin-to-skin contact (SSC) for five weeks in healthy full-term infants. Specifically, we studied the effects on alpha/beta diversity, volatility, microbiota maturation, and bacterial and gut-brain-axis-related functional abundances in microbiota assessed thrice in the first year. Pregnant Dutch women ( = 116) were randomly assigned to the SSC or care-as-usual groups. The SSC group participants engaged in one hour of daily SSC from birth to five weeks of age. Stool samples were collected at two, five, and 52 weeks and the V4 region was sequenced. We observed significant differences in the microbiota composition, bacterial abundances, and predicted functional pathways between the groups. The SSC group exhibited lower microbiota volatility during early infancy. Microbiota maturation was slower in the SSC group during the first year and our results suggested that breastfeeding duration may have partially mediated this relation. Our findings provide evidence that postpartum SSC may influence microbiota development. Replication is necessary to validate and generalize these results. Future studies should include direct stress measurements and extend microbiota sampling beyond the first year to investigate stress as a mechanism and research SSC's impact on long-term microbiota maturation trajectories.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infant; Pregnancy; Brain-Gut Axis; Breast Feeding; Ethnicity; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Kangaroo-Mother Care Method
PubMed: 38197254
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2295403 -
Nature Genetics Nov 2023Somatic mutations are hypothesized to play a role in many non-neoplastic diseases. We performed whole-exome sequencing of 1,182 microbiopsies dissected from lesional and...
Somatic mutations are hypothesized to play a role in many non-neoplastic diseases. We performed whole-exome sequencing of 1,182 microbiopsies dissected from lesional and nonlesional epidermis from 111 patients with psoriasis to search for evidence that somatic mutations in keratinocytes may influence the disease process. Lesional skin remained highly polyclonal, showing no evidence of large-scale spread of clones carrying potentially pathogenic mutations. The mutation rate of keratinocytes was similarly only modestly affected by the disease. We found evidence of positive selection in previously reported driver genes NOTCH1, NOTCH2, TP53, FAT1 and PPM1D and also identified mutations in four genes (GXYLT1, CHEK2, ZFP36L2 and EEF1A1) that we hypothesize are selected for in squamous epithelium irrespective of disease status. Finally, we describe a mutational signature of psoralens-a class of chemicals previously found in some sunscreens and which are used as part of PUVA (psoralens and ultraviolet-A) photochemotherapy treatment for psoriasis.
Topics: Humans; Ficusin; PUVA Therapy; Psoriasis; Furocoumarins; Mutation
PubMed: 37884686
DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01545-1 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine May 2024Skin cancer is a global and increasingly prevalent issue, causing significant individual and economic damage. UV filters in sunscreens play a major role in mitigating... (Review)
Review
Skin cancer is a global and increasingly prevalent issue, causing significant individual and economic damage. UV filters in sunscreens play a major role in mitigating the risks that solar ultraviolet ra-diation poses to the human organism. While empirically effective, multiple adverse effects of these compounds are discussed in the media and in scientific research. UV filters are blamed for the dis-ruption of endocrine processes and vitamin D synthesis, damaging effects on the environment, induction of acne and neurotoxic and carcinogenic effects. Some of these allegations are based on scientific facts while others are simply arbitrary. This is especially dangerous considering the risks of exposing unprotected skin to the sun. In summary, UV filters approved by the respective governing bodies are safe for human use and their proven skin cancer-preventing properties make them in-dispensable for sensible sun protection habits. Nonetheless, compounds like octocrylene and ben-zophenone-3 that are linked to the harming of marine ecosystems could be omitted from skin care regimens in favor of the myriad of non-toxic UV filters.
PubMed: 38792526
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102986 -
The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic... Aug 2023It is not uncommon for dermatologists to utilize compounded drug formulations to address specific patient needs that cannot be met using commercially available drugs.... (Review)
Review
It is not uncommon for dermatologists to utilize compounded drug formulations to address specific patient needs that cannot be met using commercially available drugs. Some dermatology practices may derive certain economic benefits and convenience for their patients by compounding formulations in-house. Compounded drugs are considered off-label; thus, they are not approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Oversight of compounding pharmacies and in-clinic compounding varies by state, although the FDA has issued guidance on compounding pharmacies and regulates outsourcing and 503(B) pharmacies. Dermatologists should be aware of the legal and regulatory issues of pharmaceutical compounding, as well as safety issues and penalties associated with compounding violations. Some controversies in compounding include the use of drug moieties that have been recalled by the FDA, compounding commercially available drugs for economic reasons (cheaper than brand names), or compounding drugs when reasonable alternatives are available commercially. This article reviews the regulatory, legal, and clinical considerations of pharmaceutical compounding in the field of dermatology.
PubMed: 37636017
DOI: No ID Found -
Soins; La Revue de Reference Infirmiere Nov 2023Hereditary epidermolysis bullosa (HES) is a heterogeneous group of rare genetic disorders characterized by localized or generalized fragility of the skin and/or mucous...
Hereditary epidermolysis bullosa (HES) is a heterogeneous group of rare genetic disorders characterized by localized or generalized fragility of the skin and/or mucous membranes, varying greatly in severity from one form to another and even within a subgroup. Skin wounds can be a source of pain, pruritus and discomfort from birth. Progression varies from patient to patient and from form to form. Specific care must be provided from the neonatal period onwards, and throughout life, to aid healing and limit complications. Nurses are at the heart of skin care for HES patients, and must be familiar with the main principles, while adapting to the individual.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Humans; Child; Epidermolysis Bullosa; Skin; Pain
PubMed: 37931991
DOI: 10.1016/j.soin.2023.09.005 -
Archives of Dermatological Research Dec 2023Malignant melanoma (MM) is a highly aggressive form of skin cancer with increasing global incidence rates, particularly in developed countries. Variations in the... (Review)
Review
Assessing the quality of care for skin malignant melanoma on a global, regional, and national scale: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study from 1990 to 2019.
Malignant melanoma (MM) is a highly aggressive form of skin cancer with increasing global incidence rates, particularly in developed countries. Variations in the prevalence and quality of care provided to patients with melanoma exist across different regions and across different sex and age. Assessing the global burden of melanoma and evaluating the quality of care can provide valuable insights for developing targeted interventions in certain underperforming regions and improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to systematically analyze the Global Burden of Disease Study from 1990 to 2019 to assess the quality of care for skin malignant melanoma on a global scale. We conducted a comprehensive literature review and extracted data on melanoma incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from the Global Burden of Disease Study. We incorporated these variables using principal component analysis (PCA) to form an informative single variable of quality of care index (QCI) and analyzed its spatial-temporal variations as well as disparities across age, sex and socio-demographic index (SDI). The overall Quality of Care Index (QCI) for melanoma improved from 82.81 in 1990 to 91.29 in 2019. The QCI score showed a positive correlation with socioeconomic status across regions. Australia ranked highest in QCI (99.96), while Central African Republic, and Kiribati had the lowest scores. China and Saudi Arabia showed significant QCI improvement, while the QCI of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Zimbabwe, and Guam decreased from 1990 to 2019. The highest QCI scores were observed in the age groups of 20-39 years old (93.40-94.65). Gender disparities narrowed globally in these three decades, but lower Socio-demographic Index (SDI) regions showed increased gender inequities. Our findings highlighted the spatial-temporal variations in the quality of care of MM as well as its disparities across different SDI levels, age groups and sex. These findings offer valuable insights and guidance for implementing focused interventions and resource allocation to enhance the quality of care and overall outcomes for MM worldwide, especially for underperforming regions.
Topics: Humans; Young Adult; Adult; Global Burden of Disease; Prevalence; Incidence; Skin Neoplasms; Melanoma
PubMed: 37773351
DOI: 10.1007/s00403-023-02730-2 -
The Journal of Dermatological Treatment Dec 2023Excessive sebum production is a factor in acne development. Tazarotene 0.045% lotion has demonstrated reductions in acne lesions and acne-induced sequelae. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Excessive sebum production is a factor in acne development. Tazarotene 0.045% lotion has demonstrated reductions in acne lesions and acne-induced sequelae.
OBJECTIVE
Evaluate efficacy, changes in skin oiliness, and safety with tazarotene 0.045% lotion in participants with moderate-to-severe acne and oily skin.
METHODS
In two phase 3, double-blind, 12-week studies (NCT03168321; NCT03168334), participants aged ≥ 9 years with moderate-to-severe acne were randomized 1:1 to once-daily tazarotene 0.045% lotion or vehicle lotion ( = 1614). This pooled, analysis included only participants self-categorized with oily skin at baseline on the Acne-Specific Quality of Life questionnaire item 19 (scores: 0 [extremely oily] to 6 [not at all oily]). Inflammatory/noninflammatory lesion counts, treatment success, skin oiliness, treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), and cutaneous safety/tolerability were evaluated.
RESULTS
In all participants with oily skin ( = 793), tazarotene provided greater reductions in inflammatory/noninflammatory lesions ( < 0.001, both) and greater treatment success rates versus vehicle ( < 0.01) at week 12. Over two-thirds of polymeric lotion-treated participants had subjective skin oiliness reductions by week 12, with around a third reporting 'low/not' oily skin. Tazarotene TEAE rates were similar to the overall population.
CONCLUSIONS
Once-daily treatment with tazarotene 0.045% polymeric emulsion lotion may help improve patient-perceived skin oiliness in those with moderate-to-severe acne.
Topics: Humans; Tretinoin; Keratolytic Agents; Quality of Life; Severity of Illness Index; Skin Cream; Acne Vulgaris; Administration, Cutaneous; Treatment Outcome; Double-Blind Method; Emulsions; Dermatologic Agents
PubMed: 36382987
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2022.2147391 -
Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia :... Nov 2023Skin and soft tissue infections are a common reason for patients seeking inpatient and outpatient medical care. Surgery is an essential part of managing in many... (Review)
Review
Skin and soft tissue infections are a common reason for patients seeking inpatient and outpatient medical care. Surgery is an essential part of managing in many episodes. Careful evaluation of antibiotic therapy could help clinicians in early identification to patients with treatment failure and to consider an alternative approach or a new surgical revision in "focus control". With the arrival of new drugs, there is a need to refine the appropriate drug's decision-making. Drugs with a long half-life (long-acting lipoglycopeptides such as dalbavancin or oritavancin), which allows weekly administration (or even greater), can reduce hospital admission and length of stay with fewer healthcare resources through outpatient management (home hospitalization or day hospitals). New anionic fluoroquinolones (e.g. delafloxacin), highly active in an acidic medium and with the possibility of switch from the intravenous to the oral route, will also make it possible to achieve these new healthcare goals and promote continuity of care. Therefore, management should rely on a collaborative multidisciplinary group with experience in this infectious syndrome.
Topics: Humans; Soft Tissue Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Treatment Failure; Continuity of Patient Care
PubMed: 37997870
DOI: 10.37201/req/s01.10.2023 -
Pediatric Health, Medicine and... 2023Neonatal skin care practices guided by personal experience and preferences might be substantially different across different hospital settings. The aim of this consensus...
PURPOSE
Neonatal skin care practices guided by personal experience and preferences might be substantially different across different hospital settings. The aim of this consensus recommendation is to provide clinical practice guidance to healthcare practitioners on evidence-based neonatal skin care practices from delivery-to-discharge, in hospital settings.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
A Scientific Advisory Board meeting on "Evidence-based Neonatal Skin Care Practices and Protocols" was held in December 2020 with an expert panel comprising neonatologists, pediatricians, obstetricians and gynecologists and pediatric dermatologist. Comprehensive literature search was performed up to 23 March 2021 using PubMed and Google Scholar to retrieve relevant evidence.
RESULTS
Recommendations were developed on critical aspects of skin care in healthy full-term neonates including cleansing at birth, skin-to-skin care, cord care, diaper area care, initial and routine bathing, cleansers and emollients use, and criteria to choose appropriate skin care products. Recommendations include inclusion of skin assessment in routine neonatal care, first bath timing after cardio-respiratory and thermal stabilization, 6-24 hours after birth; bathing with water alone or adding a mild liquid cleanser could be considered appropriate as it does not impact the developing skin barrier; use of emollients is recommended for neonates with higher risk of development of eczema to maintain and enhance skin barrier function and integrity; and inclusion of skin care advice in neonatal discharge checklist. Importance of rigorous quality control, high-quality clinical trials for assessment of baby products, usage of products that are formulated appropriately for newborns, and full label transparency for baby products were highlighted. The panel identified gaps in literature and discussed the scope for future research.
CONCLUSION
These recommendations may help to standardize evidence-based skin care for healthy full-term neonates in Indian hospital settings to improve the quality of care that neonates receive in hospital and facilitate improvement in overall neonatal health outcomes.
PubMed: 37654800
DOI: 10.2147/PHMT.S414091 -
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2023The process of skin aging is a physiological phenomenon that can not be avoided. According to global population data, the rate of aging increases by approximately 13%... (Review)
Review
The process of skin aging is a physiological phenomenon that can not be avoided. According to global population data, the rate of aging increases by approximately 13% every year. The impact of skin aging has become a significant concern and challenge for developed countries. Consequently, there has been a search for potential new anti-aging agents. This review aims to provide an overview of the current research status of plants of the Anak Dalam Tribe (Indonesian: [SAD]; referred to as SAD henceforth) in Jambi Province, Indonesia, for the development of potential new anti-aging agents. One such discovery is a product derived from natural ingredients with the ability to prevent premature aging. These new anti-aging plants have been used for centuries by the Anak Dalam tribe, for treating skin diseases and maintaining skin health through traditional remedies. Recent research on herbal formulations used by the SAD community in Indonesia for skin beauty treatments, reported by Research on Medicinal Plants and Herbs or RISTOJA, indicates that 64 plant species are used for skin care. Among these plants, , , , , and are the most commonly used medicinal plants with anti-aging properties. is a tree, while the others are herbs. shows the highest potential for development as an anti-aging agent, with its extracts, active fractions, and bioactive quercetin isolates known to possess strong anti-aging activities both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, , , , and also show potential for further research, and three of them have demonstrated good potential for in vivo anti-aging activities. Only demonstrates relatively weaker antioxidant activity compared to , , , and . Nevertheless, can still be developed to search for potential opportunities as agents with other activities, while , , , and in the findings could be an opportunity to explore the potential of new anti-aging agents. In conclusion, of the five medicinal plants traditionally used by the SAD in Jambi, Indonesia, has received the most extensive research and shows potential for the development of anti-aging solutions. , and show good potential for in vivo anti-aging activity. is the least-studied medicinal plant. Nevertheless, it has potential for development, as it is widely used by the SAD community for both traditional medicine and skin care.
PubMed: 37765107
DOI: 10.3390/ph16091300