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JPRAS Open Dec 2023Scar formation and management is one of the major issues in plastic surgery. Scars are a chronic burden to patients, their families, and the wider healthcare system and...
BACKGROUND
Scar formation and management is one of the major issues in plastic surgery. Scars are a chronic burden to patients, their families, and the wider healthcare system and while non-surgical and surgical options have been shown to reduce scarring and its impact, there are currently no therapeutic options to completely heal scars or to avoid scarring. Early gestation animals have been reported to heal skin wounds without scarring.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report on a premature, underweight-for-age neonate of 30 weeks' gestation that suffered a combination of deep partial thickness abrasions and full thickness wounds following birth trauma, who eventually healed with minimal skin scarring.
CONCLUSION
This case highlights that more research is needed to understand the mechanism and timelines of foetal skin healing, so the knowledge can be used to develop better therapeutic options to treat skin scars in adults.
PubMed: 37869731
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpra.2023.10.003 -
Allergy Jan 2024Skin barrier dysfunction is associated with the development of atopic dermatitis (AD), however methods to assess skin barrier function are limited. We investigated the...
BACKGROUND
Skin barrier dysfunction is associated with the development of atopic dermatitis (AD), however methods to assess skin barrier function are limited. We investigated the use of electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to detect skin barrier dysfunction in children with AD of the CARE (Childhood AlleRgy, nutrition, and Environment) cohort.
METHODS
EIS measurements taken at multiple time points from 4 months to 3-year-old children, who developed AD (n = 66) and those who did not (n = 49) were investigated. Using only the EIS measurement and the AD status, we developed a machine learning algorithm that produces a score (EIS/AD score) which reflects the probability that a given measurement is from a child with active AD. We investigated the diagnostic ability of this score and its association with clinical characteristics and age.
RESULTS
Based on the EIS/AD score, the EIS algorithm was able to clearly discriminate between healthy skin and clinically unaffected skin of children with active AD (area under the curve 0.92, 95% CI 0.85-0.99). It was also able to detect a difference between healthy skin and AD skin when the child did not have active AD. There was no clear association between the EIS/AD score and the severity of AD or sensitisation to the tested allergens. The performance of the algorithm was not affected by age.
CONCLUSIONS
This study shows that EIS can detect skin barrier dysfunction and differentiate skin of children with AD from healthy skin and suggests that EIS may have the ability to predict future AD development.
Topics: Humans; Child, Preschool; Dermatitis, Atopic; Dielectric Spectroscopy; Skin; Hypersensitivity; Allergens
PubMed: 37753955
DOI: 10.1111/all.15895 -
The Journal of Dermatological Treatment Dec 2023Atopic dermatitis (AD) exhibits difference in immune polarization between Caucasians and Asian races due to which an evaluation of the efficacy and safety of... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
INTRODUCTION
Atopic dermatitis (AD) exhibits difference in immune polarization between Caucasians and Asian races due to which an evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Pimecrolimus (PIM) in Asian population is called for. The current study addresses the need a sub-group analysis of the PETITE study (NCT00120523) to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PIM in Chinese infants.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients with AD (≥3 months-<12 months of age) were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either PIM 1% cream or topical corticosteroids (TCS). The primary endpoint was safety. The secondary endpoint was efficacy.
RESULTS
120 patients were randomized to either PIM 1% or TCS ( = 61 for PIM, = 59 for TCS). The most often reported adverse events were reported by similar proportions of patients treated with PIM or TCS. There was a progressive increase in overall IGA treatment success in infants treated with PIM (82.9%, < .05, 95% CI: 70.4, 95.3) after 26 weeks which was comparable to the TCS group (88.5%, < .05, 95% CI: 79.8, 97.1).
CONCLUSION
PIM showed an early and sustained efficacy in the Chinese sub-population with a substantial corticosteroid-sparing effect in patients with AD.
Topics: Humans; Infant; Dermatitis, Atopic; Dermatologic Agents; East Asian People; Tacrolimus; Treatment Outcome; Administration, Topical; Glucocorticoids; Skin Cream
PubMed: 37394952
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2023.2229464 -
Archives of Dermatological Research Jun 2024The population of older people is steadily increasing and the majority live at home. Although the home and community are the largest care settings worldwide, most of the... (Review)
Review
The population of older people is steadily increasing and the majority live at home. Although the home and community are the largest care settings worldwide, most of the evidence on dermatological care relates to secondary and tertiary care. The overall aims were to map the available evidence regarding the epidemiology and burden of the most frequent skin conditions and regarding effects of screening, risk assessment, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the most frequent skin conditions in older people living in the community. A scoping review was conducted. MEDLINE, Embase and Epistemonikos were systematically searched for clinical practice guidelines, reviews and primary studies, as well as Grey Matters and EASY for grey literature published between January 2010 and March 2023. Records were screened and data of included studies extracted by two reviewers, independently. Results were summarised descriptively. In total, 97 publications were included. The vast majority described prevalence or incidence estimates. Ranges of age groups varied widely and unclear reporting was frequent. Sun-exposure and age-related skin conditions such as actinic keratoses, xerosis cutis, neoplasms and inflammatory diseases were the most frequent dermatoses identified, although melanoma and/or non-melanoma skin cancer were the skin conditions investigated most frequently. Evidence regarding the burden of skin conditions included self-reported skin symptoms and concerns, mortality, burden on the health system, and impact on quality of life. A minority of articles reported effects of screening, risk assessment, diagnosis, prevention and treatment, mainly regarding skin cancer. A high number of skin conditions and diseases affect older people living at home and in the community but evidence about the burden and effective prevention and treatment strategies is weak. Best practices of how to improve dermatological care in older people remain to be determined and there is a particular need for interventional studies to support and to improve skin health at home.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Skin Diseases; Quality of Life; Independent Living; Prevalence; Aged, 80 and over; Skin; Incidence; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 38822889
DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-03059-0 -
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational... 2023Congenital ichthyoses are a group of hereditary disorders of keratinization that are challenging to treat. Affected individuals suffer not only from thickening of the... (Review)
Review
Congenital ichthyoses are a group of hereditary disorders of keratinization that are challenging to treat. Affected individuals suffer not only from thickening of the skin but also associated complications such as growth restriction, hearing and eye complications, infections, and thermodysregulation. This clinical review provides a practical roadmap to the longitudinal care of patients with ichthyosis with both general and age- and disease-specific recommendations. The allure of pathogenesis-based and targeted treatments for these monogenetic severe but orphan conditions shines bright as dermatological therapies enter a new era.
PubMed: 37719935
DOI: 10.2147/CCID.S388608 -
Cureus Aug 2023As people age, the likelihood that they will experience maladies of the skin increases. It is therefore important that older individuals possess the necessary knowledge...
As people age, the likelihood that they will experience maladies of the skin increases. It is therefore important that older individuals possess the necessary knowledge and proper attitudes and practices regarding their skincare. The purpose of this study was to examine such knowledge, attitudes, and practices among older members of the Saudi Arabian population. The results of the study showed that among the majority of the participants, skincare practices could be considered insufficient and, surprisingly, elderly men undertake better skincare practices than women of this age category. It is recommended that more should be done to educate those within the older Saudi population regarding skin care practices.
PubMed: 37746446
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43921 -
Drugs May 2024Topical ruxolitinib 1.5% cream (Opzelura), a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, is the first treatment to be approved in several countries for use in patients aged... (Review)
Review
Topical ruxolitinib 1.5% cream (Opzelura), a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, is the first treatment to be approved in several countries for use in patients aged ≥ 12 years with non-segmental vitiligo. In the identical phase III TRuE-V1 and TRuE-V2 trials, significantly more ruxolitinib cream recipients were able to achieve statistically significant and clinically meaningful facial and total body repigmentation, as well as reductions in vitiligo noticeability, compared with vehicle recipients. Efficacy was sustained in longer-term analyses to week 104 of treatment. Ruxolitinib 1.5% cream was generally tolerable in these trials; the most common treatment-related adverse events were acne, pruritus and exfoliation, all at the application site. As with orally administered JAK inhibitors, topical ruxolitinib carries boxed warnings in the USA for serious infections, mortality, malignancy, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and thrombosis, although the incidences were low with topical application. Thus, topical ruxolitinib 1.5% cream is an effective and generally tolerable treatment option for patients aged ≥ 12 years with non-segmental vitiligo.
Topics: Nitriles; Humans; Pyrimidines; Vitiligo; Pyrazoles; Skin Cream; Janus Kinase Inhibitors; Child; Administration, Topical
PubMed: 38625661
DOI: 10.1007/s40265-024-02027-2 -
Current Health Sciences Journal 2024Nursing care for patients with intestinal stomas is essential for ensuring their comfort, to prevent complications and promote their overall well-being. The quality of... (Review)
Review
Nursing care for patients with intestinal stomas is essential for ensuring their comfort, to prevent complications and promote their overall well-being. The quality of life of the patients with stomas can vary widely depending on their ability to adapt to the new physical and emotional state, but also to social changes that came with it. Health care professionals specializing in ostomy care can provide valuable guidance and support throughout the process. This study aims to identify and to summarize methods of nursing care for patients with an intestinal stoma and how these impact the perceived quality of life for those patients. Preoperative evaluation by an entero-stomal therapist and stoma site marking has been proved to reduce postoperative complications. Many of the peristomal skin complications can be prevented entirely by meticulous skin care. Follow-up is essential for the patient with a newly acquired intestinal ostomy to detect and provide treatment for ostomy-related complications that may occur. Regular monitoring and early intervention can help manage parastomal hernias effectively and improve the patient's quality of life.
PubMed: 38846478
DOI: 10.12865/CHSJ.50.01.01 -
The Journal of Dermatological Treatment Dec 2023The efficacy and safety of an over-the-counter (OTC) 1% colloidal oatmeal cream versus a ceramide-based prescription barrier cream in children with mild-to-moderate... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
The efficacy and safety of an over-the-counter (OTC) 1% colloidal oatmeal cream versus a ceramide-based prescription barrier cream in children with mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis (AD) were previously described.
OBJECTIVES
Here, findings are reported for the Black/African American subgroup.
METHODS
Patients were randomized to 1% oatmeal cream or prescription barrier cream twice daily or as needed for three weeks. Assessments included Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) scores, Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) scores, and patients'/caregivers' assessment of eczema signs and symptoms.
RESULTS
Overall, 49 Black/African American children aged 2-15 years with mild/moderate AD were included. At week 3, mean (SD) changes from baseline in EASI scores were -2.4 (1.7) with 1% oatmeal cream and -2.1 (2.3) with barrier cream; improvements were observed from week 1. At week 3, mean (SD) changes from baseline in IGADA scores were -0.6 (0.7) and -0.7 (0.6), respectively. Improvements in subjective ratings of signs/symptoms of eczema were observed. Both study treatments were well tolerated.
CONCLUSION
OTC 1% oatmeal cream was at least as effective and safe as prescription barrier cream in this population, providing a novel, fast-acting, and cost-effective option for the symptomatic treatment of mild-to-moderate AD in Black/African American children.
Topics: Child; Humans; Black or African American; Black People; Ceramides; Dermatitis, Atopic; Eczema; Emollients; Child, Preschool; Adolescent; Skin Cream; Avena; Administration, Cutaneous
PubMed: 37592879
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2023.2241587 -
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational... 2023Skincare products are used daily to maintain a healthy skin, although their skin microbiome impact is still poorly known. Preserving the natural resources and mechanisms...
PURPOSE
Skincare products are used daily to maintain a healthy skin, although their skin microbiome impact is still poorly known. Preserving the natural resources and mechanisms of the skin ecosystem is essential, and a novel approach based on these premises, called ecobiology, has recently emerged in skincare. We evaluated the impact on the skin microbiome of three types of leave-on face skincare products: a hydrophilic solution, a micellar solution, and an oil-in-water emulsion.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Samples for microbial profiling were obtained from 20 Caucasian females twenty-four hours and four days following daily application of the skincare products and compared to an untreated area. The bacterial diversity and the abundance of the skin microbiome were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing using an Illumina MiSeq platform.
RESULTS
Our results confirmed the skin microbiome diversity and the prevalence of spp. and spp. at sebaceous sites. The bacterial diversity and abundance were not affected by the products, and no dissimilarities versus the control nor between each product were noted at both times.
CONCLUSION
These preliminary results demonstrate for the first time that three types of leave-on face skincare products have no impact on the human skin microbiome and can be considered to be "microbiome friendly".
PubMed: 37794944
DOI: 10.2147/CCID.S409583