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BMC Primary Care Aug 2023Arterial hypertension is a high prevalence disease that increase healthcare costs and affects physical activity level. This study aimed to analyse the interrelationship...
BACKGROUND
Arterial hypertension is a high prevalence disease that increase healthcare costs and affects physical activity level. This study aimed to analyse the interrelationship between arterial hypertension, health service costs, therapeutic treatment, and physical activity in patients with cardiovascular diseases.
METHOD
Cross-sectional study that evaluated 306 patients from a hospital in Presidente Prudente-Brazil. Based on their medical diagnosis, they were classified into multiple groups to access primary care and hospital-related costs variations. Then, using data from medical records and face to face interviews, they were examined on their treatment adherence and physical activity practice. Healthcare costs were accessed using medical records. Finally, the generalised linear model was used to analyse the interrelationship between treatment adherence, physical activity, health care costs and arterial hypertension. The data were analysed with Stata/MP4 16, and a p-value of less than 5% was used to determine statistical significance.
RESULTS
The group that adhered to the arterial hypertension treatments but were physically inactive presented higher costs with consultation (US$=24.1, 95%CI = 1.90;46,3) medication (US$=56.60, 95%CI = 1.65; 111.5) and total primary health care costs (US$=71.60, 95%CI = 19.2; 123.9) even after adjusting for confounding variables, meanwhile those participants that adhered to the treatments and were physical active did not present difference in healthcare cost when compared to normotensive and physical active participants.
CONCLUSION
To be adherent to hypertension treatment were related to higher health care costs meanwhile been physical activity were related to lower health care costs and the combination of both showed that be adherent and physical activity represent the same cost with health than those normotensive and active emphasizing the importance of adherence and physical activity in the hypertensive treatment.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Health Services; Health Care Costs; Hypertension; Exercise
PubMed: 37626283
DOI: 10.1186/s12875-023-02120-7 -
BMC Geriatrics Dec 2023Faced with the lack of physical activity caused by mandatory home isolation during special periods and patients' inconvenience in carrying out professionally supervised... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Faced with the lack of physical activity caused by mandatory home isolation during special periods and patients' inconvenience in carrying out professionally supervised exercise, many home-based exercise programs have been developed. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of home-based exercise on measures of motor symptoms, quality of life and functional performance in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.
METHODS
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, and searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane library, and Web of Science from their inception date to April 1, 2023. The quality of the literature was assessed using PEDro's quality scale. The data was pooled using R software. Results are presented as pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI).
RESULTS
A total of 20 studies involving 1885 PD patients were included. Meta-analysis results showed that home-based exercise had a small effect in relieving overall motor symptoms in PD patients (SMD = -0.29 [-0.45, -0.13]; P < 0.0001), improving quality of life (SMD = 0.20 [0.08, 0.32]; P < 0.0001), walking speed (SMD = 0.26 [0.05, 0.48]; P = 0.005), balance ability (SMD = 0.23 [0.10, 0.36]; P < 0.0001), finger dexterity (SMD = 0.28 [0.10, 0.46]; P = 0.003) and decreasing fear of falling (SMD = -0.29 [-0.49, -0.08]; P = 0.001). However, home-based exercise did not significantly relieve the overall motor symptoms of PD patients when the training period was less than 8 weeks and the total number of sessions was less than 30.
CONCLUSION
During times of limited physical activity due to pandemics such as COVID-19, home-based exercise is an alternative to maintain and improve motor symptoms in PD patients. In addition, for the minimum dose of home-based exercise, we recommend that the exercise period is no less than 8 weeks and the total number of sessions is no less than 30 times.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022329780.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Parkinson Disease; Accidental Falls; Fingers; Fear; Motor Skills; Exercise; Exercise Therapy; Physical Functional Performance
PubMed: 38114897
DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04595-6 -
European Journal of Sport Science Dec 2023Previous studies have shown that the school-based physical activity programme entitled "11 for Health" has been effective in improving the physical fitness, well-being...
Previous studies have shown that the school-based physical activity programme entitled "11 for Health" has been effective in improving the physical fitness, well-being and overall health profile of European children. The main purpose of the present study was to examine whether the "11 for Health" programme can have a positive impact on the physical fitness of primary school pupils in China. A total of 124 primary school pupils aged 9-11 years were included in the experiment, randomly divided into the experimental group (EG, = 62) and the control group (CG, = 62). EG carried out three weekly 35-minute sessions of small-sided football for a total of 11 weeks. All data were analysed by a mixed ANOVA with the Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test. The results showed greater improvements (<0.001) in EG than CG in relation to systolic blood pressure (-2.9 vs +2.0 mmHg). Moreover, greater improvements (all <0.05) were observed in postural balance (13 vs 0%), standing long jump (5.0 vs 0.5%), 30-metre sprint (4.1 vs 1.3%) and Yo-Yo IR1C running performance (17% vs 6%). In both EG and CG, physical activity enjoyment was observed to be higher (<0.05) compared to the start of the intervention with increases of 3.7 and 3.9 AU respectively. In conclusion, the study revealed that the "11 for Health" programme has positive effects on aerobic and muscular fitness, and it appears to be a relevant tool in the physical activity promotion in the Chinese school system.
Topics: Child; Humans; Physical Fitness; Exercise; Exercise Test; Running; Football
PubMed: 37338107
DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2023.2227139 -
Physical Therapy Dec 2023The purposes of this study were to determine the association between physical activity (PA) behavior and global cognitive function 3 months after stroke and to explore...
OBJECTIVE
The purposes of this study were to determine the association between physical activity (PA) behavior and global cognitive function 3 months after stroke and to explore the role of physical capacity as a mediating factor.
METHODS
Participants with stroke were successively recruited at 5 different hospitals in Norway. PA was measured using accelerometers, with a follow-up period of 7 consecutive days, and global cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The general pattern of PA and the percentage of participants adhering to World Health Organization PA recommendations (at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic PA per week) were investigated using descriptive statistics. Multiple regression and mediator analyses were used to examine the relationship between PA behavior and MoCA scores; physical capacity, measured with the Short Physical Performance Battery, served as the mediating variable.
RESULTS
A total of 193 women (42.6%) and 260 men (57.4%) with a median age of 73.7 years (25th and 75th percentiles = 65.8 and 80.4, respectively) and a median MoCA score of 25 points (25th and 75th percentiles = 22 and 27, respectively) were included. Mean total time spent walking at moderate intensity was 251.7 (SD = 164.6) min/wk (mean bout length = 20.9 [SD = 7.3] seconds), which indicated 69.3% adherence to World Health Organization guidelines. With each point decrease in the MoCA score, there was an expected 8.6% increase in the odds of nonadherence to PA recommendations. Physical capacity was identified as an important mediating factor, explaining the strength of the association between cognition and PA behavior.
CONCLUSIONS
In contrast to previous research, in the present study, most participants adhered to the updated global PA guidelines. However, people who had survived stroke and had reduced cognitive function were at higher risk of inactivity, an association mediated by physical capacity.
IMPACT
A better understanding of the association between cognition and PA behavior after stroke might help for developing more targeted early-onset interventions.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Aged; Motor Activity; Cognition; Stroke; Walking; Mental Status and Dementia Tests
PubMed: 37440440
DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzad092 -
Rural and Remote Health Jun 2024Physical activity and lifestyle programs are scarce for people with hereditary ataxias and neurodegenerative diseases. Aboriginal families in the Top End of Australia...
INTRODUCTION
Physical activity and lifestyle programs are scarce for people with hereditary ataxias and neurodegenerative diseases. Aboriginal families in the Top End of Australia who have lived with Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) for generations co-designed a physical activity and lifestyle program called the Staying Strong Toolbox. The aim of the present study was to explore feasibility and impact of the program on walking and moving around.
METHODS
A mixed-methods, multiple case study design was used to pilot the Staying Strong Toolbox. Eight individuals with MJD participated in the program for 4 weeks. Participants tailored their own program using the Toolbox workbook. Families, support workers and researchers facilitated each individual's program. Feasibility was determined through program participation, adherence, coinciding or serious adverse events, participant acceptability and cost. Impact was determined through measures of mobility, ataxia, steps, quality of life, wellbeing and goal attainment, assessed before and after the program.
RESULTS
All participants completed the program, averaging five activity sessions per week, 66 minutes per session, of walking (63.5%), strengthening/balance-based activities (16%), cycling (11.4%) and activities of daily living, cultural and lifestyle activities (10.5%). Seven participants were assessed on all measures on three occasions (baseline, pre-program and post-program), while one participant could not complete post-program measures due to ceremonial responsibilities. All had significant improvements in mobility, steps taken and ataxia severity (p<0.05) after the program. Quality of life and wellbeing were maintained.
CONCLUSION
The program helped participants remain 'strong on the inside and outside'. Participants recommended implementation in 4-week blocks and for the program to be shared internationally. The Staying Strong Toolbox program was feasible for families with MJD. The program had a positive impact on walking and moving around, with participants feeling stronger on the outside (physically) and inside (emotionally, spiritually, psychosocially). The program could be adapted for use by other families with MJD.
Topics: Humans; Machado-Joseph Disease; Male; Female; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander; Adult; Exercise; Australia; Middle Aged; Life Style; Feasibility Studies; Quality of Life; Walking; Activities of Daily Living
PubMed: 38909987
DOI: 10.22605/RRH8376 -
BMC Public Health Dec 2023Social-ecological models suggest that a strategy for increasing population physical activity participation is to reconstruct the "social climate" through changing social...
Social-ecological models suggest that a strategy for increasing population physical activity participation is to reconstruct the "social climate" through changing social norms and beliefs about physical activity (PA). In this study, we assessed whether the PA social climate in Canada has changed over a five-year period after controlling for sociodemographic factors and PA levels. Replicating a survey administered in 2018, a sample of adults in Canada (n = 2,507) completed an online survey assessing social climate dimensions, including but not limited to descriptive and injunctive norms. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and binary logistic regressions were conducted to assess the associations of sociodemographic factors and year of the survey with social climate dimensions. Results suggest some social climate constructs are trending in a positive direction between 2018 and 2023. Physical inactivity was considered a serious public health concern by 49% of respondents, second to unhealthy diets (52%). Compared to those who participated in the 2018 survey, participants in 2023 were less likely to see others walking or wheeling in their neighbourhood (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.41, 1.78), but more likely to see people exercising (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.73, 0.92) and kids playing in their neighbourhood (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.66, 0.85). No changes were reported between 2018 and 2023 in individuals' perceptions of whether physical inactivity is due to individual versus external factors (OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.87, 1.13). The findings of this work indicate a modest positive shift in some measured components of the social climate surrounding PA although attributing causes for these changes remain speculative.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Social Environment; Canada; Exercise; Walking; Residence Characteristics
PubMed: 38124062
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17436-3 -
Nutrients Dec 2023The aim of this study was to determine the association between eating behaviours, sedentary behaviours and physical activity based on a self-reported survey conducted on...
The aim of this study was to determine the association between eating behaviours, sedentary behaviours and physical activity based on a self-reported survey conducted on a sample of the Polish population of adolescents aged 13-16. The field survey was conducted on a nationwide group of 6818 respondents. The object of the statistical analysis was to develop a model regarding the influence of selected socio-demographic characteristics on engaging in physical activity and selected dietary behaviours. Due to the dichotomous nature of the dependent variable, logistic regression models were used in the model. It was found that the higher the level of physical activity, the more well-balanced the diet, including higher levels of fruit consumption, water consumption and protein-containing products, as well as the relatively less frequent occurrence of sedentary behaviour as a form of leisure activity. However, there is a constant need to develop, in cooperation with scientific and research institutions and educational establishments, mechanisms for influencing a change in the behaviour of young people towards a more pro-healthy lifestyle so that the effects of these educational activities are not only reflected in an increase in the level of knowledge in this area but also contribute to real changes in dietary behaviour.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Diet; Exercise; Leisure Activities; Sedentary Behavior; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 38140380
DOI: 10.3390/nu15245121 -
PloS One 2023Most older adults 65 years and older accumulate over 8.5 hours/day of sedentary time, which is associated with increased risk of metabolic syndromes and falls. The...
Most older adults 65 years and older accumulate over 8.5 hours/day of sedentary time, which is associated with increased risk of metabolic syndromes and falls. The impact of increased sedentary time in older adults has prompted development of sedentary behaviour guidelines. The purpose of our review was to compare national and international sedentary behaviour and physical activity guidelines for older adults and appraise the quality of guidelines using AGREE II. We conducted our search in Medline, Embase, Global Health, Web of Science, CINAHL, and relevant grey literature. We included the most recent guidelines for older adults written in English. We identified 18 national and international guidelines; ten of the 18 guidelines included sedentary behaviour recommendations while all 18 included physical activity recommendations for older adults. The ten sedentary behaviour guidelines were developed using cohort studies, knowledge users' opinions, systematic reviews, or other guidelines while the physical activity guidelines were developed using randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, and overview of reviews. The definition of sedentary behaviour and the recommendations were inconsistent between the guidelines and were based on very low to low quality and certainty of evidence. All guidelines provided consistent recommendations for aerobic and resistance training; the recommendations were developed using moderate to high quality and certainty of evidence. Only eight physical activity guidelines provided recommendations for balance training and six on flexibility training; the balance training recommendations were consistent between guidelines and based on moderate quality evidence. Further work is needed to develop evidenced-based sedentary behaviour recommendations and flexibility training recommendations for older adults.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Exercise; Health Promotion; Resistance Training; Sedentary Behavior; Practice Guidelines as Topic
PubMed: 38011139
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294784 -
BMC Public Health Sep 2023The workplace experiences of employees can impact their mental health. Depressive symptoms, which are experienced by workers, are a mental health issue that deserves...
Association between work-related physical activity and depressive symptoms in Korean workers: data from the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020.
BACKGROUND
The workplace experiences of employees can impact their mental health. Depressive symptoms, which are experienced by workers, are a mental health issue that deserves attention. Several studies have evaluated physical activity to prevent possible depression in workers in a work environment, however, research on physical activity and depression symptoms directly related to work is still insufficient. Therefore, we aimed to identify the relationship between work-related physical activity and depression among South Korean workers.
METHODS
We used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020, which included 31,051 participants. We excluded, participants aged < 15 years (n = 4,663), unemployed and economically inactive persons (n = 9,793), those who did not engage in work-related physical activities (n = 1,513) and leisure physical activities (n = 1,558), or those with missing data (n = 450). Therefore, the study included 13,074 participants. Work-related activity was measured by self-reporting, while depressive symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between work-related physical symptoms and depressive symptoms among workers.
RESULTS
Individuals who engaged in work-related physical activity had higher PHQ-9 scores than those who did not (male: odds ratio [OR]: 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16-2.52; female: OR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.66-3.29). High-intensity work-related physical activity significantly increased depressive symptoms (male: OR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.04-4.43; female: OR: 2.90, 95% CI: 1.46-5.96). When classified according to the severity of depressive symptom, the OR of depressive symptoms of workers engaged in both leisure and work-related physical activities tended to be lower than that of those engaged only in work-related physical activities.
CONCLUSION
Korean workers who engaged in work-related physical activities exhibited more depressive symptoms. Therefore, our findings suggest that balancing work-related and leisure physical activities can help Korean workers prevent development of depressive symptoms.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Depression; Nutrition Surveys; Motor Activity; Exercise; Republic of Korea
PubMed: 37684616
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16631-6 -
PeerJ 2023Parents influence their children's lifestyles through modeling and support, which modifies how children approach physical activity. As such, this systematic review aims...
BACKGROUND
Parents influence their children's lifestyles through modeling and support, which modifies how children approach physical activity. As such, this systematic review aims to know the influence of parental involvement in children's active lifestyles and the influence of parenting styles on children's practice and motivation towards physical activity.
METHODOLOGY
PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, ResearchGate, and Web of Science databases were searched from 15 July 2022 to 30 August 2022. The publication date of the included manuscripts was between November 2012 and January 2021. The methodological quality of the studies was analyzed using the Scale for Evaluating Scientific Articles in Social and Human Science. Furthermore, it was utilized the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020.
RESULTS
The sample of the 10 included studies (in which different self-report measures were administered) was 1,957 children and their parents. In one study, parental involvement across limits decreased sedentary behaviours. In another, parent-child co-participation in physical activity improved participation in it. In one study, democratic parents predicted moderate-vigorous physical activity. In another, authoritarian styles were associated with sports practice. In another, permissive styles were associated with the worst physical activity practice. In one study, permissive parents were not significantly related to physical activity. In another, negligent parents were negatively associated with sports practice. In two studies, parenting styles were not associated with physical activity. In a study, the autonomy support of permissive parents and the structure of democratic parents is related to autonomous motivations. The coercive control of authoritarian parents and the lack of structure of negligent parents are related to non-self-determined motivations or amotivation.
CONCLUSIONS
Parental involvement contributes to children's participation in physical activity. There is no unanimity in the results obtained in parenting styles and the practice of physical activity. Democratic and permissive styles are associated with self-determined motivations, as opposed to negligent and authoritarian ones. The results obtained have been extracted from studies where different self-report measures are administered, so it would be advisable to continue researching this subject.
Topics: Humans; Parenting; Exercise; Life Style; Sports; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 38144179
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16668