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Frontiers in Psychology 2022People with disabilities experience loneliness to a greater extent than people without disabilities. To better understand this problem, we have conducted a systematic...
INTRODUCTION
People with disabilities experience loneliness to a greater extent than people without disabilities. To better understand this problem, we have conducted a systematic review of studies that involved disability and loneliness. The aims are to research what loneliness is and to conceptualize and define it in the context of disability, and the intervention strategies that have been developed.
METHODS
The research protocol is based on the PRISMA guidelines. Two hundred and eighty-one papers were screened and 75 reports were assessed for eligibility.
RESULTS
We have not found whether loneliness in disability is a single construct or a collection of various subtypes. We have found that there are protective factors against loneliness in disabled people, such as having a job or living in an environment without physical barriers.
DISCUSSION
In terms of the interventions for people with disabilities, the same strategies have been adopted as for the non-disabled: social skills training, enhanced social support, opportunities for interactions, and cognitive training.
PubMed: 36760915
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1040651 -
Perspectives in Psychiatric Care Jul 2022The object of this systematic review is to examine the stigma status of people with disabilities and their families. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The object of this systematic review is to examine the stigma status of people with disabilities and their families.
DESIGN AND METHODS
The systematic review was prepared based on the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols systematic review guidelines. The review was included thirteen studies.
FINDINGS
In the results of the study, it was revealed that people with disabilities experienced inequality and social exclusion, negative attitudes were observed regarding their appearance, also their families were subjected to stigmatization by the society, could not participate in social environments.
PRACTICE IMPLICATION
To prevent stigmatization, it is recommended that awareness in public be raised by providing community educations.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Social Environment; Social Isolation; Social Stigma; Stereotyping
PubMed: 34121194
DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12893 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a new safe and efficient tool for the rehabilitation of many childhood and adulthood illnesses. VR-based therapies have the potential...
Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a new safe and efficient tool for the rehabilitation of many childhood and adulthood illnesses. VR-based therapies have the potential to improve both motor and functional skills in a wide range of age groups through cortical reorganization and the activation of various neuronal connections. Recently, the potential for using serious VR-based games that combine perceptual learning and dichoptic stimulation has been explored for the rehabilitation of ophthalmological and neurological disorders. In ophthalmology, several clinical studies have demonstrated the ability to use VR training to enhance stereopsis, contrast sensitivity, and visual acuity. The use of VR technology provides a significant advantage in training each eye individually without requiring occlusion or penalty. In neurological disorders, the majority of patients undergo recurrent episodes (relapses) of neurological impairment, however, in a few cases (60-80%), the illness progresses over time and becomes chronic, consequential in cumulated motor disability and cognitive deficits. Current research on memory restoration has been spurred by theories about brain plasticity and findings concerning the nervous system's capacity to reconstruct cellular synapses as a result of interaction with enriched environments. Therefore, the use of VR training can play an important role in the improvement of cognitive function and motor disability. Although there are several reviews in the community employing relevant Artificial Intelligence in healthcare, VR has not yet been thoroughly examined in this regard. In this systematic review, we examine the key ideas of VR-based training for prevention and control measurements in ocular diseases such as Myopia, Amblyopia, Presbyopia, and Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD), and neurological disorders such as Alzheimer, Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Epilepsy and Autism spectrum disorder. This review highlights the fundamentals of VR technologies regarding their clinical research in healthcare. Moreover, these findings will raise community awareness of using VR training and help researchers to learn new techniques to prevent and cure different diseases. We further discuss the current challenges of using VR devices, as well as the future prospects of human training.
Topics: Humans; Child; Artificial Intelligence; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Disabled Persons; Motor Disorders; Virtual Reality; Nervous System Diseases
PubMed: 37033028
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1143947 -
Disability and Health Journal Jan 2021Self-management is critical to optimizing the health of individuals with a chronic condition or disability and is, therefore, a central concept in individual and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Self-management is critical to optimizing the health of individuals with a chronic condition or disability and is, therefore, a central concept in individual and family-centered healthcare delivery. The purpose of this review is to report the state of the science of self-management for individuals with spina bifida (SB) from a lifespan perspective.
OBJECTIVE
This review will summarize the (a) development and use of self-management skills and behaviors across the life span, (b) factors related to self-management behaviors, (c) development of generic or condition-specific measures of self-management used with a spina bifida population, and (d) development and/or outcomes of interventions to improve self-management in SB.
METHODS
The search strategy was limited to primary research articles published between 2003 and 2019 and followed PRISMA guidelines. The databases searched included: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. Studies that addressed self-management concepts in individuals throughout the life span and published in English were included.
RESULTS
The search yielded 108 citations and 56 articles met inclusion/exclusion criteria. A systematic narrative synthesis was reported. The level of evidence identified was primarily Level III articles of good quality. Multiple demographic, environmental, condition and process factors were related to self-management behaviors. SB self-management instruments and intervention development and testing studies were identified.
CONCLUSIONS
This review provides a synthesis of the state of the science of self-management including factors related to self-management behaviors, preliminary evidence of instruments for use in SB, factors important to consider in the development and testing of future interventions, and gaps in the literature.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Delivery of Health Care; Disabled Persons; Humans; Self-Management; Spinal Dysraphism
PubMed: 32980287
DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2020.100940 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2022Disability is an important problem in aging societies globally. However, the research findings of the prevalence of disability have been inconsistent. This study aims to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Disability is an important problem in aging societies globally. However, the research findings of the prevalence of disability have been inconsistent. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of disability and its influencing factors among the Chinese older population from 1979 to 31 July 2021.
METHODS
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using both international (PubMed, Web of Science, CBMdisc, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE) and Chinese (CNKI, CQVIP, and WanFang) databases. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to account for heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses were also done.
RESULTS
The pooled prevalence of disability across all 97 studies was 26.2% (95% CI: 23.7-28.6%). The estimates varied according to the types of activities of daily living (ADL), gender, age, and region. Studies based on the identification of cases by using the complete ADL scale showed a higher prevalence than those using the basic ADL scale. The prevalence was slightly higher among female older individuals than among male older individuals. The highest rates were seen in older individuals aged 80 years or older. Elders in central China, southwest China, and northwest China were more likely to be BADL-disabled.
CONCLUSION
Prevalence of disability among the Chinese older population is high, around 26%. Using standardized diagnostic systems to correctly estimate the prevalence of disability would be helpful for public health professionals in China.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asian People; China; Disabled Persons; Female; Humans; Male; Prevalence
PubMed: 35162679
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031656 -
European Review For Medical and... Jan 2021Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), are chronic, relapsing intestinal disorders that may severely compromise...
OBJECTIVE
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), are chronic, relapsing intestinal disorders that may severely compromise patients' labour force participation. In this context, the present review aims to provide an overview on possible IBD pathological, socio-demographic, and treatment-related factors predictive for work disability with the purpose to provide guidance for a successful clinical and occupational management.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic review of PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases was performed to retrieve all the studies addressing IBD-related predictors for work disability.
RESULTS
Several factors have been suggested to predict work disability in the 15 revised investigations, although with not homogeneous results. Having CD was reported as a significantly better predictor for permanent work disability compared to UC, maybe in relation to the generally more serious disease course. Activity and severity of IBD, also indicated by the need for surgical treatment and comorbidities, was related to a significantly greater risk for work disability, although the exact role of other variables, i.e., specific symptoms, disease pattern and inflammatory parameters are still unclear. Among demographic factors, a significant predictive role has been suggested for female gender.
CONCLUSIONS
Further research seems necessary to confirm the role of IBD related factors on work disability, and on other parameters of work impairment, i.e., absenteeism, presenteeism, activity and productivity loss. Additionally, work disability should be evaluated in relation to specific occupational risk factors. Overall, this may require a multidisciplinary approach aimed to achieve an adequate IBD clinical evaluation and management, an improvement of patients' psychosocial and professional well-being, while appropriately assessing and managing risks in the workplace.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Risk Factors
PubMed: 33506905
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202101_24382 -
BMC Medicine Sep 2021The sustainable development goals aim to improve health for all by 2030. They incorporate ambitious goals regarding tuberculosis (TB), which may be a significant cause... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The sustainable development goals aim to improve health for all by 2030. They incorporate ambitious goals regarding tuberculosis (TB), which may be a significant cause of disability, yet to be quantified. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the prevalence and types of TB-related disabilities.
METHODS
We performed a systematic review of TB-related disabilities. The pooled prevalence of disabilities was calculated using the inverse variance heterogeneity model. The maps of the proportions of common types of disabilities by country income level were created.
RESULTS
We included a total of 131 studies (217,475 patients) that were conducted in 49 countries. The most common type of disabilities were mental health disorders (23.1%), respiratory impairment (20.7%), musculoskeletal impairment (17.1%), hearing impairment (14.5%), visual impairment (9.8%), renal impairment (5.7%), and neurological impairment (1.6%). The prevalence of respiratory impairment (61.2%) and mental health disorders (42.0%) was highest in low-income countries while neurological impairment was highest in lower middle-income countries (25.6%). Drug-resistant TB was associated with respiratory (58.7%), neurological (37.2%), and hearing impairments (25.0%) and mental health disorders (26.0%), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
TB-related disabilities were frequently reported. More uniform reporting tools for TB-related disability and further research to better quantify and mitigate it are urgently needed.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42019147488.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Mental Disorders; Prevalence; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant
PubMed: 34496845
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02063-9 -
Disability and Health Journal Apr 2021Musculoskeletal traumas are on the rise in the United States; however, limited studies are available to help trauma providers assess and treat concerns beyond the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Musculoskeletal traumas are on the rise in the United States; however, limited studies are available to help trauma providers assess and treat concerns beyond the physical impact. Little is understood about the psychological, social, and spiritual factors that protect patients from adverse effects after a physical trauma or their experiences with each factor afterward.
OBJECTIVE
This systematic review was conducted to investigate and review advancements in research related to risk and resiliency factors experienced by survivors of traumatic musculoskeletal injuries. The use of biopsychosocial-spiritual (BPS-S) framework and resiliency theory guided the analysis.
METHODS
Researchers reviewed 1003 articles, but only seven met the search criteria. Due to the complexity and uniqueness of traumatic brain injuries, studies on that target population were excluded.
RESULTS
Of the seven articles reviewed, three identified psychological protective factors that protect against negative health outcomes; three identified negative psychological, social, or spiritual outcomes; and none investigated social or spiritual health.
CONCLUSIONS
There are significant gaps in the literature surrounding risk and resiliency factors related to the BPS-S health of musculoskeletal injury survivors.
Topics: Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Disabled Persons; Health Services Needs and Demand; Humans; Survivors; United States
PubMed: 32888877
DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2020.100987 -
Iranian Journal of Public Health Sep 2022Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients experience a variety of disease caused disabilities that makes them more vulnerable to the effects of disasters. This study aimed to... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients experience a variety of disease caused disabilities that makes them more vulnerable to the effects of disasters. This study aimed to review all existed studies about disasters and related disaster management planning about MS patients.
METHODS
The PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science, ProQuest, science direct , and grey literature databases were searched up to the mid of 2021. All obtained titles were assessed by the inclusion criteria. Abstracts of the relevant titles were reviewed and eligible articles/documents were included for full text review and data abstraction.
RESULTS
From 24616 Articles/documents, finally 15 documents (13 articles, and 2 books) were selected. In 8 articles (53%) specifically, focused on MS patients and, in the rest focused on them as a member of people with disabilities. Most studies (10, 71.4%), emphasized on the disaster induced stress effect on MS patients. In two books/book sections, the disaster preparedness plan for all types of disabilities was presented in general, and MS patients were mentioned as a member of the group of patients with disabilities.
CONCLUSION
Despite the importance of planning in response to disasters to address specific problems of MS patients, there is a lack of proper planning. This is very important and there is an urgent need to develop appropriate planning protocols for addressing the special conditions of MS patients in response to disasters.
PubMed: 36743361
DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v51i9.10549 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2022The epidemiological demands of aging point to the need for characterizing older adults regarding health and disability. This systematic review aims to summarize the... (Review)
Review
The epidemiological demands of aging point to the need for characterizing older adults regarding health and disability. This systematic review aims to summarize the indicators (instruments) identifying different components of disability as a result of aging exposition in community-dwelling older adults, considering the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health framework. Taking the PRISMA 2020 recommendations as a reference, studies with community-dwelling older adults, reporting the development and/or age disability modifications were included. Two reviewers analyzed the observational studies searched in the MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases. Of the 137 potentially eligible studies, 49 were included in this review. Several indicators (instruments) demonstrated older adults' disabilities according to the different domains of the ICF. Objective measures assessed Body Structures, Body Functions, and Environmental Factors and included handgrip strength (dynamometry, = 8), cognitive function (Mini-Mental State examination, = 7), gait speed (walk test, = 6), and endurance (Chair stand-test, = 4). Self-reported measures assessed Activities and Participation, but not the Body Structures, and included the basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADL) (the Katz Index of ADL, = 4 studies, the Lawton and Brody Instrumental ADL, = 4 studies). The summary of the measures gathered can guide researchers and health professionals to select indicators (instruments) to assess and monitor older adults' disabilities resulting from aging exposition, to support the development of new wearables, and to provide improvements to the existing ones, allowing the tailored assessment of different health and disability dimensions.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Independent Living; Activities of Daily Living; Hand Strength; Disabled Persons; Self Report
PubMed: 36365968
DOI: 10.3390/s22218270