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Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Dec 2024Despite the ongoing global vaccination campaign aimed at preventing human papillomavirus (HPV) related health issues, the uptake of the HPV vaccine remains unacceptably... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Despite the ongoing global vaccination campaign aimed at preventing human papillomavirus (HPV) related health issues, the uptake of the HPV vaccine remains unacceptably low in developing regions, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at determining the pooled prevalence and associated factors of HPV vaccine uptake among adolescent school girls in SSA. Electronic bio-medical databases were explored. Pooled prevalence, publication bias, meta-regression, sub-group, and sensitivity analysis were performed. The estimated pooled prevalence of HPV vaccine uptake was 28.53% [95% CI: (5.25, 51.81)]. Having good knowledge and a positive attitude was significantly associated with HPV vaccine uptake in SSA. Subgroup analysis revealed the highest uptake was 62.52% from Kenya and the lowest was 3.77% in Nigeria. The HPV vaccine uptake is low. It underscores the need for community education, school-based immunization, and education programs that promote the uptake of the vaccine to increase coverage.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adolescent; Papillomavirus Infections; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Vaccination; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Africa South of the Sahara
PubMed: 38505959
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2326295 -
Preventive Medicine Jul 2021Provider communication can be critically important to families as they consider HPV vaccination. We sought to characterize the association of provider communication and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Provider communication can be critically important to families as they consider HPV vaccination. We sought to characterize the association of provider communication and HPV vaccine uptake, and when communication better motivates vaccination. We searched four databases for studies published between 2006 and 2019. Eligible studies examined health care provider communication (defined as recommendation or discussion) and HPV vaccine uptake (defined as initiation, completion, or follow-through) in the US. Two coders independently identified eligible studies and coded effect sizes and study characteristics. We pooled effect sizes using random-effects meta-analysis. We identified 59 eligible studies of 265,083 patients. Receiving a provider recommendation was associated with higher HPV vaccine initiation (pooled OR = 10.1, 95% CI: 7.6-13.4). HPV vaccine initiation was 24% for patients without and 60% for patients with a provider recommendation. The pooled effect size for provider recommendation and initiation was smaller for probability samples, clinical records, and NIS-Teen (all p < 0.002). Recommendations were equally effective for males and females, for different patient ages, and over time. Provider recommendation was also associated with higher HPV vaccine series completion and follow-through. Provider discussion was similarly associated with higher HPV vaccine initiation (OR = 12.4, 95% CI: 6.3-24.3). In summary, provider communication was robustly associated with HPV vaccination initiation, completion, and follow-through. These findings suggest that US public health efforts to increase HPV vaccine coverage should continue to emphasize provider communication.
Topics: Adolescent; Communication; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health Personnel; Humans; Male; Papillomavirus Infections; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Parents; Vaccination
PubMed: 33857561
DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106554 -
Occupational and Environmental Medicine Dec 2020To evaluate what is currently known about the risk to surgeons and other operating theatre (OT) staff of human papillomavirus (HPV) transmission and HPV-related disease...
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate what is currently known about the risk to surgeons and other operating theatre (OT) staff of human papillomavirus (HPV) transmission and HPV-related disease following surgical smoke exposure.
METHODS
A systematic literature search of Embase and Ovid-MEDLINE was undertaken for primary studies relevant to the presence of HPV in surgical smoke, contamination of OT staff with HPV after performing or attending smoke-generating surgical procedures, and the presence of HPV or HPV-related disease in OT staff following occupational surgical smoke exposure. Additional articles were identified by searching the reference lists of relevant published papers.
RESULTS
Twenty-one relevant articles were identified. These demonstrate that surgical smoke from the treatment of HPV-related lesions can contain HPV DNA, and that this can contaminate the upper airways of OT staff. Whether this corresponds to infectious virus is not known. Increased prevalence of HPV infection or HPV-related disease in OT staff following occupational exposure to surgical smoke has not been convincingly shown.
CONCLUSIONS
While HPV transmission to OT staff from surgical smoke remains unproven, it would be safest to treat surgical smoke as potentially infectious. Necessary precautions should be taken when performing smoke-generating procedures, consisting of: (1) local exhaust ventilation, (2) general room ventilation and (3) full personal protective equipment including a fit tested particulate respirator of at least N95 grade. There is currently insufficient evidence to recommend HPV vaccination for OT staff or to state that the above precautions, when used properly, would not be effective at preventing HPV transmission from surgical smoke.
Topics: Alphapapillomavirus; DNA; Humans; Inhalation Exposure; Medical Staff, Hospital; Occupational Exposure; Operating Rooms; Papillomavirus Infections; Smoke; Surgeons; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Universal Precautions
PubMed: 32385189
DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2019-106333 -
Infectious Agents and Cancer Nov 2023Understanding the role of naturally acquired (i.e., infection-induced) human papillomavirus (HPV) antibodies against reinfection is important given the high incidence of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Understanding the role of naturally acquired (i.e., infection-induced) human papillomavirus (HPV) antibodies against reinfection is important given the high incidence of this sexually transmitted infection. However, the protective effect of naturally acquired antibodies in terms of the level of protection, duration, and differential effect by sex remains incompletely understood. We conducted a systematic review and a meta-analysis to (1) strengthen the evidence on the association between HPV antibodies acquired through past infection and subsequent type-specific HPV detection, (2) investigate the potential influence of type-specific HPV antibody levels, and (3) assess differential effects by HIV status.
METHODS
We searched Embase and Medline databases to identify studies which prospectively assessed the risk of type-specific HPV detection by baseline homologous HPV serostatus among unvaccinated individuals. Random-effect models were used to pool the measures of association of naturally acquired HPV antibodies against subsequent incident detection and persistent HPV positivity. Sources of heterogeneity for each type were assessed through subgroup analyses stratified by sex, anatomical site of infection, male sexual orientation, age group, and length of follow-up period. Evidence of a dose-response relationship of the association between levels of baseline HPV antibodies and type-specific HPV detection was assessed. Finally, we pooled estimates from publications reporting associations between HPV serostatus and type-specific HPV detection by baseline HIV status.
RESULTS
We identified 26 publications (16 independent studies, with 62,363 participants) reporting associations between baseline HPV serostatus and incident HPV detection, mainly for HPV-16 and HPV-18, the most detected HPV type. We found evidence of protective effects of baseline HPV seropositivity and subsequent detection of HPV DNA (0.70, 95% CI 0.61-0.80, N = 11) and persistent HPV positivity (0.65, 95% CI 0.42-1.01, N = 5) mainly for HPV-16 among females, but not among males, nor for HPV-18. Estimates from 8 studies suggested a negative dose-response relationship between HPV antibody level and subsequent detection among females. Finally, we did not observe any differential effect by baseline HIV status due to the limited number of studies available.
CONCLUSION
We did not find evidence that naturally acquired HPV antibodies protect against subsequent HPV positivity in males and provide only modest protection among females for HPV-16. One potential limitation to the interpretation of these findings is potential misclassification biases due to different causes.
PubMed: 37941016
DOI: 10.1186/s13027-023-00546-3 -
Journal of Epidemiology and Global... Jun 2024Latina women experience disproportionately higher rates of HPV infection, persistence, and progression to cervical dysplasia and cancer compared to other racial-ethnic...
BACKGROUND
Latina women experience disproportionately higher rates of HPV infection, persistence, and progression to cervical dysplasia and cancer compared to other racial-ethnic groups. This systematic review explores the relationship between the cervicovaginal microbiome and human papillomavirus infection, cervical dysplasia, and cervical cancer in Latinas.
METHODS
The review abides by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were searched from January 2000 through November 11, 2022. The review included observational studies reporting on the cervicovaginal microbiota in premenopausal Latina women with human papillomavirus infection, cervical dysplasia, and cervical cancer.
RESULTS
Twenty-five articles were eligible for final inclusion (N = 131,183). Forty-two unique bacteria were reported in the cervicovaginal microbiome of Latinas. Seven bacteria: Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus iners, Chlamydia trachomatis, Prevotella spp., Prevotella amnii, Fusobacterium spp. and Sneathia spp. were enriched across multiple stages of cervical carcinogenesis in Latinas. Therefore, the total number of reported bacteria includes four bacteria associated with the healthy state, 16 bacteria enriched in human papillomavirus outcomes, 24 unique bacteria associated with abnormal cytology/dysplasia, and five bacteria associated with cervical cancer. Furthermore, three studies reported significantly higher alpha and beta diversity in Latinas with cervical dysplasia and cancer compared to controls. Lactobacillus depletion and an increased abundance of L. iners in Latinas compared to non-Latinas, regardless of human papillomavirus status or lesions, were observed.
CONCLUSIONS
The identification of 42 unique bacteria and their enrichment in cervical carcinogenesis can guide future cervicovaginal microbiome research to better inform cervical cancer prevention strategies in Latinas.
Topics: Humans; Female; Papillomavirus Infections; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Hispanic or Latino; Vagina; Microbiota; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia; Carcinogenesis
PubMed: 38407720
DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00201-z -
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the papillomavirus prevalence in breast cancer fresh tissues.Breast Disease 2022Although widely studied, the role of HPV in the genesis of breast carcinomas remains elusive due to the diversity of results across studies, possibly caused by the wide... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Although widely studied, the role of HPV in the genesis of breast carcinomas remains elusive due to the diversity of results across studies, possibly caused by the wide methodological heterogeneity, some of them with inadequate methods.
OBJECTIVE
To verify the association between HPV and breast cancer through the meta-analysis of studies that used the best-recognized techniques for viral detection and tissue conservation.
METHODS
A systematic review and meta-analysis restricted to studies that detected HPV by PCR in fresh and frozen tissue from breast cancer were conducted to obtain greater homogeneity. PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and SciELO were searched until December 14, 2019. Search terms included "breast cancer" and "HPV" without language restrictions. Eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled relative risks and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I-squared (I2).
RESULTS
The selected studies had very low heterogeneity (2%). There is a 2.15 times higher combined relative risk (95% CI = 1.60-2.89) of detecting HPV in breast cancer than in cancer-free breast controls with a statistically significant p-value (p < 0.0001).
CONCLUSION
Our data support the association of DNA-HPV with breast carcinomas. Further studies are needed to find out which breast cancer subtypes this association is most frequent.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Female; Frozen Sections; Humans; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Prevalence; Tissue Banks
PubMed: 34744058
DOI: 10.3233/BD-201032 -
Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease Jul 2024The goal of this scoping review is to synthesize clinically relevant scientific literature on current complementary and alternative medications that address human... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The goal of this scoping review is to synthesize clinically relevant scientific literature on current complementary and alternative medications that address human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and cervical dysplasia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic search of published studies was performed December 2021 for the following concepts: human papilloma virus, cervical dysplasia, and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Relevant publications were identified by searching Ovid MEDLINE ALL, Embase, Cochrane Library, AMED, and MEDLINE databases, in addition to clinical trial databases. Data were extracted based on specific study selection criteria and analyzed by 3 authors independently using Covidence software.
RESULTS
A total of 2324 studies were identified of which 56 met inclusion criteria. Treatment outcomes measured regression of HPV, improvement of cervical cytology, and/or regression of histopathology with varied definitions of success across all studies. The CAM therapies found to have the most clinical benefit and best supporting data via randomized control trials were topical mushroom ( Coriolus versicolor) gel, oral and topical selenium therapies, and oral indol-3-carbinol. Adverse events were reported in only 28/56 (50%) of included studies.
CONCLUSIONS
The evidence for treating HPV and cervical dysplasia with CAM is of low quality because of lack of standardized, clinically relevant treatment outcomes, lack of standardization of products, and minimal reporting on adverse and long-term effects. Future large, randomized control trials are needed to further assess efficacy and safety of CAM therapies to address HPV and cervical dysplasia.
Topics: Humans; Complementary Therapies; Female; Papillomavirus Infections; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38697129
DOI: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000806 -
American Journal of Otolaryngology 2022Although sinonasal inverted papilloma malignant transformation has not been entirely understood, some studies have suggested that human papillomavirus acts as a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
Although sinonasal inverted papilloma malignant transformation has not been entirely understood, some studies have suggested that human papillomavirus acts as a potential oncogenic agent in the progression of sinonasal inverted papilloma to squamous cell carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between human papillomavirus infection and sinonasal inverted papilloma transformation, taking also into account human papillomavirus types and their distribution in different geographic areas.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The literature from the last 25 years was examined. The systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to the PRISMA guidelines.
RESULTS
A total of 163 malignant sinonasal inverted papilloma and 961 non-malignant sinonasal inverted papilloma were included in the overall analysis. From this sample it was possible to recognize a statistically significant increase in risk of malignancy of sinonasal inverted papilloma for human papillomavirus infection (OR = 2.43, 95 % CI: 1.45-4.08, I2 = 14.0 %). A positive association for patients with high-risk human papillomavirus types was noted (OR = 10.20, 95 % CI: 3.66-28.42, I2 = 15.9 %). In all the 3 geographical areas analyzed the presence of high-risk human papillomavirus significantly increased the probability of malignant transformation.
CONCLUSIONS
High-risk human papillomavirus infection plays a key role in the malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma and its research during histological examination can be of paramount importance. More prospective studies are needed to help further tease out this association.
Topics: Humans; Papilloma, Inverted; Papillomavirus Infections; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms; Nose Neoplasms; Papillomaviridae; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms
PubMed: 36113312
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2022.103614 -
Virology Journal Jan 2022Cervical cancer is caused by infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs). It is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in Ethiopia... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Cervical cancer is caused by infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs). It is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in Ethiopia and globally. To develop efficient vaccination and HPV-based cervical cancer screening approaches, data on genotype distribution of HPVs is crucial. Hence, the study was aimed to review HPV genotype distribution in Ethiopia.
METHODS
Research articles were systematically searched using comprehensive search strings from PubMed/Medline and SCOPUS. Besides, Google Scholar was searched manually for grey literature. The last search was conducted on 18 August 2021. The first two authors independently appraised the studies for scientific quality and extracted the data using Excel sheet. The pooled HPV genotype distribution was presented with descriptive statistics.
RESULTS
We have included ten studies that were reported from different parts of the country during 2005 and 2019. These studies included 3633 women presented with different kinds of cervical abnormalities, from whom 29 different HPV genotypes with a sum of 1926 sequences were reported. The proportion of high-risk, possible/probable high-risk and low-risk HPVs were at 1493 (77.5%), 182 (9.4%) and 195 (10.1%), respectively. Of the reported genotypes, the top five were HPV 16 (37.3%; 95% CI 35.2.1-39.5%), HPV 52 (6.8%; 95% CI 5.8-8.0%), HPV 35 (4.8%; 95% CI 3.9-5.8%), HPV 18 (4.4%; 95% CI 3.5-5.3%) and HPV 56 (3.9%: 95% CI 3.1-4.9%). Some of other HR-HPV groups include HPV 31 (3.8%), HPV 45 (3.5%), HPV 58 (3.1%), HPV 59(2.3%), and HPV 68 (2.3%). Among the high-risk types, the combined prevalence of HPV 16/18 was at 53.7% (95% CI 51.2-56.3%). HPV 11 (2.7%: 95% CI 2.1-3.5%), HPV 42 (2.1%: 95% CI 1.5-2.8%) and HPV 6 (2.1%: 95% CI 1.4-2.7%) were the most common low-risk HPV types.
CONCLUSIONS
We noted that the proportion of HR-HPV types was higher and HPV 16 in particular, but also HPV 52, HPV 35 and HPV 18, warrant special attention in Ethiopian's vaccination and HPV based cervical screening program. Additional data from other parts of the country where there is no previous HPV genotype report are needed to better map the national HPV genotypes distribution of Ethiopia.
Topics: Early Detection of Cancer; Ethiopia; Female; Genotype; Human papillomavirus 16; Human papillomavirus 18; Humans; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Prevalence; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 35033141
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01741-1 -
PloS One 2020This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of genital, anal and oral HPV infection in Brazil through systematic review and meta-analysis. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of genital, anal and oral HPV infection in Brazil through systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
We searched EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE, Web of Science and SciELO from inception to December 2018. Original research articles that assessed the prevalence of genital (i.e., cervical, penile), anal and oral HPV infection in Brazil were selected in pairs by independent authors. No sex, age, HPV vaccination, language or date restrictions were applied. HPV prevalence was estimated and stratified according to risk factors population and by geographic area throughout the country. The study prevalence was pooled using a random effects model. Analysis was performed using R (version 3.5.2), packages meta version 4.9-4 and metaphor 2.0-0. This review is registered on PROSPERO under protocol number CRD42016032751.
RESULTS
We identified 3,351 references. After the screening process, 139 of them were eligible for this systematic review (57,513 total participants). Prevalence of cervical HPV was 25.41% (95% CI 22.71-28.32). Additionally, prevalence was 36.21% (95% CI 23.40, 51.33) in the penile region, 25.68% (95%CI 14.64, 41.04) in the anal region, and 11.89% (95%CI 6.26, 21.43) in the oral region. Subgroup analysis showed prevalence in each anatomic site was higher in high-risk populations.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of HPV is high in the Brazilian population and varies by population risk and anatomic body site, with lower rates in the oral cavity compared to that in the cervical, penile and anal region. Studies on HPV have primarily been developed to evaluate infection and cancer in the cervical region. There is a profound lack of HPV data in many geographic regions of Brazil and for different anatomic sites.
Topics: Brazil; Humans; Papillomaviridae; Prevalence
PubMed: 32084177
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229154