-
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry May 2024The increasing use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) systems has led to the development of resin-ceramic materials that meet the... (Review)
Review
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The increasing use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) systems has led to the development of resin-ceramic materials that meet the requirements of minimally invasive dentistry, including the resin nanoceramic (RNC) and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN). The wear characteristics of these materials are unclear.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this systematic review was to compare the wear resistance of resin-ceramic materials when compared with one another or with lithium disilicate glass-ceramics.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The PubMed, Scopus, and DOSS search engines were used to identify articles published between 2013 and 2021. Two independent researchers conducted the systematic review by following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and by following a combination of keywords.
RESULTS
Of a total of 310 articles, 26 were selected, including only 1 clinical study. Among these, 15 compared resin-ceramic materials with each other, while 11 compared resin-ceramic materials with lithium disilicate ceramics. Two types of wear were used to compare the materials: attrition and abrasion. The most commonly studied materials were 2 RNCs (Lava Ultimate and Cerasmart), 1 PICN (Vita Enamic), and 1 ceramic (IPS e.max CAD). Among the resin-ceramic materials, the PICN (Vita Enamic) showed less wear than the RNCs. Of the RNCs, Cerasmart had less attrition wear and less wear of the opposing teeth.
CONCLUSIONS
Lithium disilicate glass-ceramics have a higher wear resistance than resin-ceramic materials, but they cause more wear of the opposing teeth.
Topics: Computer-Aided Design; Ceramics; Humans; Dental Porcelain; Dental Restoration Wear; Dental Materials; Resins, Synthetic
PubMed: 35459543
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.01.027 -
Cancer Treatment and Research... 2022Recent advances in nanotechnology sciences lead to the development of new treatment approaches for various diseases such as cancer. Nanotechnology advances can... (Review)
Review
Recent advances in nanotechnology sciences lead to the development of new treatment approaches for various diseases such as cancer. Nanotechnology advances can potentially minimize the side effects of drugs through the employment of effective and controlled drug delivery systems (DDSs). Polymers are optimal tools providing drug delivery mechanisms through the unique features of pharmacokinetics, circulation time, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. This systematic review aimed to evaluate polymer-based DDSs for anticancer drugs and their various therapeutic applications in cancer treatment. This study was conducted with no time limitation by November 2021. Related articles were collected through a deep search in English and Persian databases of SID, MagIran, Scopus, Web Of Science (WoS), PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Keywords included drug delivery system, anticancer agent, polymeric nanostructure-based drug delivery, polymer-based drug delivery, and polymeric system. As the results showed, polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) have influential roles in cancer treatment than conventional chemotherapy procedures. PNPs can reduce cytotoxicity following chemotherapy drug administration, improve the solubility characteristics of these therapeutic agents and inhibit the rate of tumor growth.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Polymers
PubMed: 35816909
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100605 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2023As per the latest ILAE definition, status epilepticus (SE) may lead to long-term irreversible consequences, such as neuronal death, neuronal injury, and alterations in... (Review)
Review
As per the latest ILAE definition, status epilepticus (SE) may lead to long-term irreversible consequences, such as neuronal death, neuronal injury, and alterations in neuronal networks. Consequently, there is growing interest in identifying biomarkers that can demonstrate and quantify the extent of neuronal and glial injury. Despite numerous studies conducted on animal models of status epilepticus, which clearly indicate seizure-induced neuronal and glial injury, as well as signs of atrophy and gliosis, evidence in humans remains limited to case reports and small case series. The implications of identifying such biomarkers in clinical practice are significant, including improved prognostic stratification of patients and the early identification of those at high risk of developing irreversible complications. Moreover, the clinical validation of these biomarkers could be crucial in promoting neuroprotective strategies in addition to antiseizure medications. In this study, we present a systematic review of research on biomarkers of neuro-glial injury in patients with status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Neuroglia; Brain Injuries; Neurons; Status Epilepticus; Biomarkers; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase
PubMed: 37569895
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512519 -
Journal of Biomedical Materials... Feb 2022Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a ubiquitous material used for implants and medical devices in general because of its high biocompatibility and inertness: blood... (Review)
Review
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a ubiquitous material used for implants and medical devices in general because of its high biocompatibility and inertness: blood vessel, heart, table jawbone, nose, eyes, or abdominal wall can benefit from its properties in case of disease or injury. Its expanded version, ePTFE is an improved version of PTFE with better mechanical properties, which extends its medical applications. A material as frequently used as ePTFE with these exceptional properties deserves a review of its main uses, developments, and possibility of improvements. In this systematic review, we examined clinical trials related to ePTFE-based medical devices from the literature. Then, we excluded all trials using ePTFE as a control to test other devices. ePTFE-coated stents, hemodialysis and bypass grafts, guided bone and tissue regeneration membranes, hernia and heart repair and other devices are reviewed. The rates of success using these devices and their efficiency compared to other materials used for the same purposes are reported. ePTFE appears to be more or just as efficient compared to them. Some success rates remain low, suggesting the need of improvement ePTFE for medical applications.
Topics: Blood Vessel Prosthesis; Polytetrafluoroethylene; Renal Dialysis; Stents
PubMed: 34520627
DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34928 -
Clinical Oral Implants Research Sep 2023To compare and report on the performance of implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (iFDPs) fabricated using additive (AM) or subtractive (SM) manufacturing. (Review)
Review
AIM
To compare and report on the performance of implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (iFDPs) fabricated using additive (AM) or subtractive (SM) manufacturing.
METHODS
An electronic search was conducted (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central, Epistemonikos, clinical trials registries) with a focused PICO question: In partially edentulous patients with missing single (or multiple) teeth undergoing dental implant therapy (P), do AM iFDPs (I) compared to SM iFDPs (C) result in improved clinical performance (O)? Included were studies comparing AM to SM iFDPs (randomized clinical trials, prospective/retrospective clinical studies, case series, in vitro studies).
RESULTS
Of 2'184 citations, no clinical study met the inclusion criteria, whereas six in vitro studies proved to be eligible. Due to the lack of clinical studies and considerable heterogeneity across the studies, no meta-analysis could be performed. AM iFDPs were made of zirconia and polymers. For SM iFDPs, zirconia, lithium disilicate, resin-modified ceramics and different types of polymer-based materials were used. Performance was evaluated by assessing marginal and internal discrepancies and mechanical properties (fracture loads, bending moments). Three of the included studies examined the marginal and internal discrepancies of interim or definitive iFDPs, while four examined mechanical properties. Based on marginal and internal discrepancies as well as the mechanical properties of AM and SM iFDPs, the studies revealed inconclusive results.
CONCLUSION
Despite the development of AM and the comprehensive search, there is very limited data available on the performance of AM iFDPs and their comparison to SM techniques. Therefore, the clinical performance of iFDPs by AM remains to be elucidated.
Topics: Humans; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Dental Implants; Ceramics; Polymers
PubMed: 37750533
DOI: 10.1111/clr.14085 -
Toxicology and Industrial Health Nov 2023Good mechanical properties and low costs have led to a global expansion of plastic production and use. Unfortunately, much of this material can be released into the... (Review)
Review
Good mechanical properties and low costs have led to a global expansion of plastic production and use. Unfortunately, much of this material can be released into the environment as a waste product and cleaved into micro- and nanoplastics (NPs) whose impact on the environment and human health is still largely unknown. Considering the growing worldwide awareness on exposure to chemicals that can act as endocrine disruptors, a systematic review was performed to assess the impact of NPs on the endocrine function of in vitro and in vivo models. Although a limited number of investigations is currently available, retrieved findings showed that NPs may induce changes in endocrine system functionality, with evident alterations in reproductive and thyroid hormones and gene expression patterns, also with a trans-generational impact. Nanoplastic size, concentration, and the co-exposure to other endocrine disrupting pollutants may have an influencing role on these effects. Overall, although it is still too early to draw conclusions regarding the human health risks derived from NPs, these preliminary results support the need for further studies employing a wider range of plastic polymer types, concentrations, and time points as well as species and life stages to address a great variety of endocrine outcomes and to achieve a broader and shared consensus on the role of NPs as endocrine disruptors.
Topics: Humans; Microplastics; Endocrine Disruptors; Reproduction; Environmental Pollutants; Endocrine System
PubMed: 37753827
DOI: 10.1177/07482337231203053 -
Farmacia Hospitalaria : Organo Oficial... 2024The off-label use in clinical practice of non-approved syringes for intravitreal drug administration has resulted in the detection of silicone oil drops in the vitreous... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The off-label use in clinical practice of non-approved syringes for intravitreal drug administration has resulted in the detection of silicone oil drops in the vitreous of some patients. This situation derives from the lack of approved syringes for intraocular use in the Spanish market. The aim of this work is to review the use of syringes for intraocular administration, as well as to search for alternatives that meet the legal requirements for these unmet needs.
METHOD
A systematic review was performed following the PRISMA 2020 Guidelines by searching PubMed with the descriptors: "silicone" AND "syringes" AND ("intraocular" OR "intravitreal") and filtering all existing publications from January 2006 to December 2023, including all those articles dealing with silicone oil release in intravitreal injections and analysing the possible consequences.
RESULTS
Sixty-eight results were found, 23 of which were excluded because they did not deal with the subject under study, leaving a total of 45 articles for the systematic review. These were classified according to the conclusions obtained in 4 groups: the adverse reactions produced by silicone, the administration technique, the physicochemical aspects of silicone release, and the characteristics of the medical device. After reviewing the current manufacturers and technical data sheets of commercialized syringes, the existing syringes for this use have been collected, finding two that will probably be commercialized in Spain at the beginning of 2024: Zero Residual™ 0.2 ml SiO-free and VitreJect® Ophthalmic.
CONCLUSIONS
From the results obtained, it can be interpreted that the use of syringes and needles with silicone for intravitreal use is a concern for health professionals due to the implications and consequences that may arise in patients, the most important being adverse reactions, so it is necessary to have silicone-free syringes on the market that are specific for intraocular use. Safety and legality in the use of intraocular syringes and needles is essential to guarantee ocular integrity and patient health.
Topics: Syringes; Humans; Silicone Oils; Intravitreal Injections; Off-Label Use; Spain
PubMed: 38556370
DOI: 10.1016/j.farma.2024.01.008 -
Nutrients Oct 2023Hyperthermia accelerates dehydration and can lead to a glycolysis malfunction. Therefore, to deeply understand the relationship between dehydration and hyperthermia... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Hyperthermia accelerates dehydration and can lead to a glycolysis malfunction. Therefore, to deeply understand the relationship between dehydration and hyperthermia during exercise, as well as in the recovery time, there might be important factors to improve athletic performance. A systematic review was carried out in different databases using the words "hydration" OR "dehydration" AND "glycogen" OR "glycogenesis" OR "glycogenolysis" AND "muscle" OR "muscle metabolism" OR "cardiovascular system" and adding them to the "topic section" in Web of Science, to "Title/Abstract" in PubMed and to "Abstract" in SPORTDiscus. A total of 18 studies were included in the review and 13 in the meta-analysis. The free statistical software Jamovi was used to run the meta-analysis (version 1.6.15). A total sample of 158 people was included in the qualitative analysis, with a mean age of 23.5 years. Ten studies compared muscle glycogen content after hydration vs. remaining dehydrated (SMD -4.77 to 3.71, positive 80% of estimates, \hat{\mu} = 0.79 (95% CI: -0.54 to 2.12), z = 1.17, = 0.24, Q-test (Q(9) = 66.38, < 0.0001, tau = 4.14, = 91.88%). Four studies examined the effect of temperature on postexercise muscle glycogen content (SMD -3.14 to -0.63, 100% of estimates being negative, \hat{\mu} = -1.52 (95% CI: -2.52 to -0.53), (z = -3.00, = 0.003, Q-test (Q(3) = 8.40, = 0.038, tau = 0.68, = 66.81%). In conclusion, both hyperthermia and dehydration may contribute to elevated glycogenolysis during exercise and poor glycogen resynthesis during recovery. Although core and muscle hyperthermia are the key factors in glycogen impairments, they are also directly related to dehydration.
Topics: Humans; Young Adult; Adult; Glycogen; Dehydration; Muscle, Skeletal; Hyperthermia, Induced
PubMed: 37892517
DOI: 10.3390/nu15204442 -
Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society 2021This systematic review aims to identify and interpret results of studies that evaluated the changes in the color stability of maxillofacial prosthetic materials due to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIM
This systematic review aims to identify and interpret results of studies that evaluated the changes in the color stability of maxillofacial prosthetic materials due to chemical instability of silicones and pigments and the effect of exposure to environmental conditions and aging factors on the same.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Relevant articles written in English only, before November 15, 2019, were identified using an electronic search in the PubMed/Medline conducted to identify pertinent articles. The relevancy of the articles was verified by screening the title, abstract, and full text, if they met the inclusion criteria. A total of 42 articles satisfied the criteria, from which data were extracted for qualitative synthesis. This review protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO registration number CRD42019124562).
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
Since considerable data heterogenicity was present in all studies except the ones on incorporation of TiO2 for which meta-analysis using random effects model was performed.
RESULTS
The database search resulted in 234 studies, of which 202 articles were excluded due to lack of relevance, duplication, and unavailability of data. The remaining 32 fulltext articles were assessed for eligibility, out of which 2 articles were excluded. Twelve articles were yielded by manual search. A total of 42 studies were included in the present systematic review. Due to heterogeneous data, meta-analysis could be only carried out with the effect of TiO nano particle on color stability.
CONCLUSIONS
Although there has been extensive amount of research in this field, an ideal maxillofacial silicone exhibiting good color stability in various human and environmental aging conditions is yet to be identified. Human and environmental aging conditions have an adverse effect on the color stability and addition of TiO nano particle seems to improve the same.
Topics: Humans; Silicone Elastomers
PubMed: 33938863
DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_253_19 -
Marine Pollution Bulletin May 2022Anthropogenic pollution of marine ecosystems caused by beach debris has become a serious environmental concern in the last few decades. Regarding the raising production... (Review)
Review
Anthropogenic pollution of marine ecosystems caused by beach debris has become a serious environmental concern in the last few decades. Regarding the raising production of beach debris, the present work aimed to summarize the quantity and quality of beach debris reported from different beach areas of the world. Also, a bibliometric analysis was used to analyze research trends and upgrade knowledge in this research area. Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), the eligible papers reviewed regarding beach debris abundance along with their composition from 2010, which were extracted from the Scopus database. The results of the study showed that plastic items represented the dominant material (61.25%), followed by food (5.88%), wood (5.78%), metals (5.2%), and glass (5%). Further, the beaches studied were classified into three degrees, including highly polluted (31.5 items/m), moderate polluted (3.47 items/m), and low polluted (0.37 items/m), based on the average abundance of debris.
Topics: Bibliometrics; Ecosystem; Environmental Monitoring; Plastics; Waste Products
PubMed: 35397342
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113637