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Theriogenology Aug 2024Improvement in vitro maturation culture conditions has been achieved by mimicking in vivo culture environments such as the follicular fluid. Acetic acid is an energy...
Improvement in vitro maturation culture conditions has been achieved by mimicking in vivo culture environments such as the follicular fluid. Acetic acid is an energy substrate that is abundantly present in the follicular fluid but has not been considered in vitro maturation. This study examined the effects of acetic acid on oocyte quality during nuclear maturation. Cumulus cells and oocyte complexes were collected from the porcine antral follicles of gilt ovaries and matured with 0, 0.1 or 1 mmol/L of acetic acid. After 44 h of in vitro maturation, the energy status, mitochondrial quality and function and embryonic developmental rate following parthenogenetic activation were determined. RNA-sequencing and protein expression analyses were conducted to predict the effects of acetic acid. Supplementation of the in vitro maturation medium with acetic acid (1 mmol/L) improved embryonic development. Oocytes matured with acetic acid had low adenosine triphosphate and lipid contents, mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species levels. RNA-sequencing revealed differential expression of genes associated with the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signalling pathway. Immunostaining revealed that acetic acid increased the levels of phospho-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, phospho-acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, and sirtuin 1 and decreased those of fatty acid synthase and acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 1. In summary, the use of acetic acid during oocyte maturation improved oocyte developmental ability and metabolism by altering mitochondrial activity and lipid metabolism.
Topics: Animals; Oocytes; Swine; In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques; Acetic Acid; Female; Embryonic Development
PubMed: 38781862
DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.05.014 -
The Primary Care Companion For CNS... Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Disulfiram; Acetic Acid; Ethanol; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism
PubMed: 38055873
DOI: 10.4088/PCC.23cr03537 -
International Journal of Environmental... Mar 2020Herein, the concentrations of formic acid, acetic acid, and ammonia in samples of indoor air for 47 new houses were measured two weeks after completion. The houses were...
Herein, the concentrations of formic acid, acetic acid, and ammonia in samples of indoor air for 47 new houses were measured two weeks after completion. The houses were fabricated with light-gauge steel structures. The measurements were performed in living rooms and bedrooms without furniture and outdoors. Air samples were analyzed using ion chromatography. The mean values were 28 (living room), 30 (bedroom), and 20 μg m (outdoor air) for formic acid; 166 (living room), 151 (bedroom), and 51 μg m (outdoor air) for acetic acid; and 73 (living room), 76 (bedroom), and 21 μg m (outdoor air) for ammonia. The total values of the three substances accounted for 39.4-40.7% of the sum of chemical compound values. The analyzed compounds were indicated by two principal components (PC), PC1 (30.1%) and PC2 (9%), with 39.1% total variance. Formic acid, acetic acid, and ammonia were positively aligned with PC1 and negatively aligned with PC2. Factors such as room temperature, aldehydes, and phthalates were positively aligned with PC1 and negatively aligned with PC2. Furthermore, concentrations of formic acid, acetic acid, and ammonia were significantly and positively correlated with room temperature ( < 0.05).
Topics: Acetic Acid; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution, Indoor; Ammonia; Environmental Monitoring; Formates; Housing
PubMed: 32188069
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17061940 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2022Chlorinated compounds are usually applied in vegetable sanitization, but there are concerns about their application. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate ultrasound (50...
Chlorinated compounds are usually applied in vegetable sanitization, but there are concerns about their application. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate ultrasound (50 kHz), acetic acid (1000; 2000 mg/L), and peracetic acid (20 mg/L) and their combination as alternative treatments to 200 mg/L sodium dichloroisocyanurate. The overall microbial, physicochemical, and nutritional quality of kale stored at 7 °C were assessed. The impact on Typhimurium was verified by plate-counting and scanning electron microscopy. Ultrasound combined with peracetic acid exhibited higher reductions in aerobic mesophiles, molds and yeasts, and coliforms at 35 °C (2.6; 2.4; 2.6 log CFU/g, respectively). Microbial counts remained stable during storage. The highest reduction in occurred with the combination of ultrasound and acetic acid at 1000 mg/L and acetic acid at 2000 mg/L (2.8; 3.8 log CFU/g, respectively). No synergistic effect was observed with the combination of treatments. The cellular morphology of the pathogen altered after combinations of ultrasound and acetic acid at 2000 mg/L and peracetic acid. No changes in titratable total acidity, mass loss, vitamin C, or total phenolic compounds occurred. Alternative treatments presented equal to or greater efficacies than chlorinated compounds, so they could potentially be used for the decontamination of kale.
Topics: Peracetic Acid; Brassica; Acetic Acid; Disinfectants; Decontamination; Disinfection; Food Microbiology; Colony Count, Microbial; Chlorine Compounds; Salmonella typhimurium; Ascorbic Acid; Chlorine; Food Handling
PubMed: 36296611
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207019 -
Bioresource Technology Feb 2022Homoacetogenesis was performed in a microbial electrosynthesis single-chamber reactor at open and closed circuits modes. The aim is to investigate how an applied...
Homoacetogenesis was performed in a microbial electrosynthesis single-chamber reactor at open and closed circuits modes. The aim is to investigate how an applied reducing power affects acetic acid synthesis and H gas-liquid mass transfer. At a cathode voltage of -175 mV vs. Ag/AgCl (3.0 NaCl), the acetic acid synthesis rate ramped up to 0.225 mmol Lh due to additional electrons and protons liberation from carbon-free sources such as water and ammonium via anodic oxidation. The study sets a new lowest benchmark that acetic acid can be bioelectrochemical synthesized at - 175 mV. The applied reducing power did not increase the H gas-liquid mass transfer because the direct electron transfer from cathode to microorganisms reduced the demand for H in the fermentation medium. Microbial analysis shows a high presence of Veillonellaceae spore-forming clostridia, which are identified as homoacetogens.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Carbon; Carbon Dioxide; Electrodes; Veillonellaceae
PubMed: 34890819
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126512 -
Microbiology (Reading, England) Jul 2023, a combination of honey and vinegar, has been used as a remedy for wounds and infections in historical and traditional medical settings. While honey is now clinically...
, a combination of honey and vinegar, has been used as a remedy for wounds and infections in historical and traditional medical settings. While honey is now clinically used to treat infected wounds, this use of a complex, raw natural product (NP) mixture is unusual in modern western medicine. Research into the antimicrobial activity of NPs more usually focuses on finding a single active compound. The acetic acid in vinegar is known to have antibacterial activity at low concentrations and is in clinical use to treat burn wound infections. Here, we investigated the potential for synergistic activity of different compounds present in a complex ingredient used in historical medicine (vinegar) and in an ingredient mixture (). We conducted a systematic review to investigate published evidence for antimicrobial effects of vinegars against human pathogenic bacteria and fungi. No published studies have explicitly compared the activity of vinegar with that of a comparable concentration of acetic acid. We then characterized selected vinegars by HPLC and assessed the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of the vinegars and acetic acid, alone and in combination with medical-grade honeys, against and . We found that some vinegars have antibacterial activity that exceeds that predicted by their acetic acid content alone, but that this depends on the bacterial species being investigated and the growth conditions (media type, planktonic vs. biofilm). Pomegranate vinegars may be particularly interesting candidates for further study. We also conclude that there is potential for acetic acid, and some vinegars, to show synergistic antibiofilm activity with manuka honey.
Topics: Humans; Acetic Acid; Honey; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Biological Products
PubMed: 37435775
DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001351 -
Bundesgesundheitsblatt,... Apr 2023
Topics: Propionates; Air Pollution, Indoor; Germany; Acetic Acid; Communication
PubMed: 36995394
DOI: 10.1007/s00103-023-03672-w -
The Science of the Total Environment Sep 2022The conversion of biogas, mainly formed of CO and CH, into high-value platform chemicals is increasing attention in a context of low-carbon societies. In this new... (Review)
Review
The conversion of biogas, mainly formed of CO and CH, into high-value platform chemicals is increasing attention in a context of low-carbon societies. In this new paradigm, acetic acid (AA) is deemed as an interesting product for the chemical industry. Herein we present a fresh overview of the current manufacturing approaches, compared to potential low-carbon alternatives. The use of biogas as primary feedstock to produce acetic acid is an auspicious alternative, representing a step-ahead on carbon-neutral industrial processes. Within the spirit of a circular economy, we propose and analyse a new BIO-strategy with two noteworthy pathways to potentially lower the environmental impact. The generation of syngas via dry reforming (DRM) combined with CO utilisation offers a way to produce acetic acid in a two-step approach (BIO-Indirect route), replacing the conventional, petroleum-derived steam reforming process. The most recent advances on catalyst design and technology are discussed. On the other hand, the BIO-Direct route offers a ground-breaking, atom-efficient way to directly generate acetic acid from biogas. Nevertheless, due to thermodynamic restrictions, the use of plasma technology is needed to directly produce acetic acid. This very promising approach is still in an early stage. Particularly, progress in catalyst design is mandatory to enable low-carbon routes for acetic acid production.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Biofuels; Carbon; Carbon Dioxide; Steam
PubMed: 35710010
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156663 -
Biotechnology Advances Sep 2022Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) are a group of gram-negative, obligate aerobic bacteria within the Acetobacteraceae family of the alphaproteobacteria class, which are... (Review)
Review
Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) are a group of gram-negative, obligate aerobic bacteria within the Acetobacteraceae family of the alphaproteobacteria class, which are distributed in a wide variety of different natural sources that are rich in sugar and alcohols, as well as in several traditionally fermented foods. Their versatile capabilities are not limited to producing acetic acid and brewing vinegar, as their names suggest. They can also be used for fixing nitrogen, yielding pigments and exopolysaccharides (EPS), and most typically, producing a variety of aldehydes, ketones and other organic acids from the incomplete oxidation of the corresponding alcohols and/or sugars (also referred to as oxidative fermentation). In order to gain more insight into these organisms, molecular biology techniques have been extensively applied in almost all aspects of AAB research, including their identification and classification, acid resistance mechanisms, oxidative fermentation, EPS production, thermotolerance and so on. In this review, we mainly focus on the application of molecular biological technologies in the advancement of research into AAB while presenting the progress of the latest studies using these techniques.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Acetobacteraceae; Alcohols; Fermentation; Molecular Biology
PubMed: 35033586
DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107911 -
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Sep 2023Syngas fermentation is a leading microbial process for the conversion of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen to valuable biochemicals. Clostridium...
Syngas fermentation is a leading microbial process for the conversion of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen to valuable biochemicals. Clostridium autoethanogenum stands as a model organism for this process, showcasing its ability to convert syngas into ethanol industrially with simultaneous fixation of carbon and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. A deep understanding on the metabolism of this microorganism and the influence of operational conditions on fermentation performance is key to advance the technology and enhancement of production yields. In this work, we studied the individual impact of acetic acid concentration, growth rate, and mass transfer rate on metabolic shifts, product titres, and rates in CO fermentation by C. autoethanogenum. Through continuous fermentations performed at a low mass transfer rate, we measured the production of formate in addition to acetate and ethanol. We hypothesise that low mass transfer results in low CO concentrations, leading to reduced activity of the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway and a bottleneck in formate conversion, thereby resulting in the accumulation of formate. The supplementation of the medium with exogenous acetate revealed that undissociated acetic acid concentration increases and governs ethanol yield and production rates, assumedly to counteract the inhibition by undissociated acetic acid. Since acetic acid concentration is determined by growth rate (via dilution rate), mass transfer rate, and working pH, these variables jointly determine ethanol production rates. These findings have significant implications for process optimisation as targeting an optimal undissociated acetic acid concentration can shift metabolism towards ethanol production. KEY POINTS: • Very low CO mass transfer rate leads to leaking of intermediate metabolite formate. • Undissociated acetic acid concentration governs ethanol yield on CO and productivity. • Impact of growth rate, mass transfer rate, and pH were considered jointly.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Fermentation; Clostridium; Carbon Monoxide; Ethanol
PubMed: 37410136
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12670-6