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JAMA Jul 2023
Topics: Humans; Acute Disease; Bacterial Infections; Sinusitis
PubMed: 37490097
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.11365 -
Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie Jan 2022
Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Fluoroquinolones; Humans; Sinusitis; Tendinopathy
PubMed: 34963154
DOI: 10.1055/a-1684-5059 -
Emergency Radiology Oct 2021Sinus disease is commonly encountered, especially in the acute care setting. Imaging can support a diagnosis of sinusitis, help identify an etiology, and delineate... (Review)
Review
Sinus disease is commonly encountered, especially in the acute care setting. Imaging can support a diagnosis of sinusitis, help identify an etiology, and delineate intracranial and extracranial complications. Suspicion of complicated rhinosinusitis is an indication for contrast-enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. It is important for radiologists to be familiar with patient risk factors that predispose to uncommon but aggressive forms of sinus disease such as invasive fungal sinusitis. Lastly, many conditions, ranging from benign to malignant, can mimic rhinosinusitis clinically and on imaging. Radiologists can help by recognizing these entities and facilitating appropriate referral and follow-up. This article reviews the breadth of sinus disease commonly encountered in the emergency setting, potential complications, and mimics.
Topics: Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Risk Factors; Sinusitis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 34013433
DOI: 10.1007/s10140-021-01945-y -
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical... Jun 2022The COVID-19 pandemic has raised awareness about olfactory dysfunction, although a loss of smell was present in the general population before COVID-19. Chronic... (Review)
Review
The COVID-19 pandemic has raised awareness about olfactory dysfunction, although a loss of smell was present in the general population before COVID-19. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common upper airway chronic inflammatory disease that is also one of the most common causes of olfactory dysfunction. It can be classified into different phenotypes (ie, with and without nasal polyps) and endotypes (ie, type 2 and non-type 2 inflammation). However, scientific information regarding CRS within the context of COVID-19 is still scarce. This review focuses on (1) the potential effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection on CRS symptoms, including a loss of smell, and comorbidities; (2) the pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in the olfactory dysfunction; (3) CRS diagnosis in the context of COVID-19, including telemedicine; (4) the protective hypothesis of CRS in COVID-19; and (5) the efficacy and safety of therapeutic options for CRS within the context of COVID-19.
Topics: Anosmia; COVID-19; Chronic Disease; Humans; Nasal Polyps; Olfaction Disorders; Pandemics; Rhinitis; Sinusitis
PubMed: 35307579
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.03.003 -
MMW Fortschritte Der Medizin Feb 2023
Topics: Humans; Acute Disease; Nasal Lavage; Sinusitis
PubMed: 36759459
DOI: 10.1007/s15006-023-2345-x -
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics... Aug 2023Rhinosinusitis is a commonly encountered disease. Imaging is not typically required in acute uncomplicated rhinosinusitis; however, it is integral in the evaluation of... (Review)
Review
Rhinosinusitis is a commonly encountered disease. Imaging is not typically required in acute uncomplicated rhinosinusitis; however, it is integral in the evaluation of patients who present with prolonged or atypical symptoms or when acute intracranial complications or alternate diagnoses are suspected. Knowledge of the paranasal sinus anatomy is important to understand patterns of sinonasal opacification. Bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens are responsible culprits and, with duration of symptoms, serve to categorize infectious sinonasal disease. Several systemic inflammatory and vasculitic processes have a predilection for the sinonasal region. Imaging, along with laboratory and histopathologic analysis, assist in arriving at these diagnoses.
Topics: Humans; Rhinitis; Sinusitis; Diagnostic Imaging; Chronic Disease
PubMed: 37032178
DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2023.02.005 -
Anales de Pediatria May 2023Update of the consensus on acute otitis media (AOM) (2012) and sinusitis (2013) following the introduction of pneumococcal vaccines in the immunization schedule, and...
Update of the consensus on acute otitis media (AOM) (2012) and sinusitis (2013) following the introduction of pneumococcal vaccines in the immunization schedule, and related changes, such as epidemiological variation, colonization by of nonvaccine serotypes and emerging antimicrobial resistances. A majority of studies show that the introduction of the pneumococcal 13-valent conjugate vaccine has been followed by a reduction in the nasopharyngeal carriage of pneumococcus, with an increase in the proportion of drug-resistant nonvaccine serotypes. The diagnosis of AOM is still clinical, although more stringent criteria are proposed, which are based on the visualization of abnormalities in the tympanic membrane and the findings of pneumatic otoscopy performed by trained clinicians. The routine diagnosis of sinusitis is also clinical, and the use of imaging is restricted to the assessment of complications. Analgesia with acetaminophen or ibuprofen is the cornerstone of AOM management; watchful waiting or delayed antibiotic prescription may be suitable strategies in select patients. The first-line antibiotic drug in children with AOM and sinusitis and moderate to severe disease is still high-dose amoxicillin, or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in select cases. Short-course regimens lasting 5-7 days are recommended for patients with uncomplicated disease, no risk factors and a mild presentation. In allergic patients, the selection of the antibiotic agent must be individualized based on severity and whether or not the allergy is IgE-mediated. In recurrent AOM, the choice between watchful waiting, antibiotic prophylaxis or surgery must be individualized based on the clinical characteristics of the patient.
Topics: Child; Humans; Consensus; Otitis Media; Amoxicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Sinusitis
PubMed: 37127475
DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2023.03.006 -
Telemedicine Journal and E-health : the... May 2021Acute sinusitis is the most common diagnosis in online health care delivery and is the diagnosis most associated with antibiotic prescriptions in the outpatient...
Acute sinusitis is the most common diagnosis in online health care delivery and is the diagnosis most associated with antibiotic prescriptions in the outpatient setting. Few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of managing sinusitis through e-visit in terms of antibiotic prescribing and follow-up rates. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether e-visits for the management of acute sinusitis have equivalent clinical outcomes for patients when compared with face-to-face (F2F) visits and nurse-administered phone protocols in terms of antibiotic prescriptions and follow-up rates. A retrospective chart review was conducted on empaneled primary care patients between the ages of 18 and 75 years who had a clinical encounter for acute sinusitis at Mayo Clinic Rochester through e-visit, retail health clinic, or phone protocol. Initial antibiotic prescribing rates and follow-up rates for each encounter type were compared. Both e-visit and phone protocol sinusitis encounters were less likely to result in initial treatment with an antibiotic than an F2F visit (84/150 [56%] e-visit, 92/150 [61%] phone, 108/150 [72%]; p = 0.01). There was no significant difference in follow-up rate between e-visits and F2F (27/150 [18%] vs. 21/150 [14%]; p = 0.34), and e-visits had significantly fewer follow-up visits than phone protocol (27/150 [18%] vs. 53/150 [35%]; p < 0.001). e-Visits are an effective modality to care for patients with acute sinusitis, offering equivalent or lower treatment and follow-up rates than more traditional avenues such as F2F visit at a retail clinic and phone protocol.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Middle Aged; Primary Health Care; Retrospective Studies; Sinusitis; Telephone; Young Adult
PubMed: 32522103
DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2020.0047 -
Current Opinion in Otolaryngology &... Feb 2024The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature relating to viral, fungal and bacterial infections and their interactions within the sinonasal tract in... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature relating to viral, fungal and bacterial infections and their interactions within the sinonasal tract in the past 18 months.
RECENT FINDINGS
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated olfactory dysfunction (OD) is variant dependent. Magnetic resonance imaging studies have found greater olfactory cleft opacification and higher olfactory bulb volume in post-COVID-19 OD. Olfactory training remains the mainstay of treatment, while platelet-rich plasma injections and ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide and luteolin combination oral supplementation have shown early promise.Consensus statements on paranasal sinus fungal balls and acute invasive fungal sinusitis have been released.Studies on the nasal microbiome have reported Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium as the most abundant genera, with higher levels of Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium being found in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and healthy individuals respectively. However, there is conflicting evidence on the significance of biodiversity of the nasal microbiome found in CRS versus healthy patients.
SUMMARY
While the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic is behind us, its sequelae continue to pose treatment challenges. Further studies in OD have implications in managing the condition, beyond those afflicted post-COVID-19 infection. Similarly, more research is needed in studying the nasal microbiome and its implications in the development and treatment of CRS.
Topics: Humans; Pandemics; Paranasal Sinuses; Sinusitis; Chronic Disease; COVID-19; Communicable Diseases; Rhinitis
PubMed: 37997887
DOI: 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000947