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Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 2023
Topics: Humans; Arthus Reaction; Vaccines; Vaccination; Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Immunization
PubMed: 37797703
DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2023.102647 -
Vaccines Jul 2020Repeat administration of tetanus toxoid-containing vaccines has rarely been associated with Arthus phenomenon, an immune-complex reaction. In the US, since 2013, tetanus... (Review)
Review
Repeat administration of tetanus toxoid-containing vaccines has rarely been associated with Arthus phenomenon, an immune-complex reaction. In the US, since 2013, tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccines (Tdap) have been recommended for administration during each pregnancy. Separately, in 2019, one Tdap was approved for repeat administration in adults in the US. We aimed to describe trends in spontaneously reported Arthus reactions following Tdap in the US and to assess the risk of this phenomenon in persons receiving Tdap repeatedly. We reviewed Arthus reports in the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS), 1990-2018. Reporting rates were estimated using Tdap doses distributed data. A systematic literature review was conducted in MEDLINE for any Arthus cases reported in Tdap clinical trials and observational studies published between 2000 and 2019. We found 192 Arthus reports in VAERS after any vaccine, of which 36 occurred after Tdap and none were reported during pregnancy. The Arthus reporting rate was estimated at 0.1 per million doses distributed. We identified eight published studies of Tdap administration within five years after a previous dose of tetanus toxoid-containing vaccine; no Arthus cases were reported. We conclude that Arthus reaction following Tdap is extremely rare. Increasing frequency of repeat Tdap administration in adults in the US did not result in a detectable increase in reporting rates of this phenomenon, confirming the favorable safety profile of Tdap.
PubMed: 32674495
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030385 -
Metabolites Aug 2023Pteropodine (PT) is a component of some plants with potentially useful pharmacological activities for humans. This compound has biomedical properties related to the...
Pteropodine (PT) is a component of some plants with potentially useful pharmacological activities for humans. This compound has biomedical properties related to the modulation of the immune system, nervous system, and inflammatory processes. This study addresses the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity of pteropodin in a murine model of arthritis and induced edema of the mouse ear. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity, we used the reversed passive Arthus reaction (RPAR), which includes the rat paw edema test, the rat pleurisy test, and a mouse ear edema model. The antioxidant effect of PT was evaluated by determining the myeloperoxidase enzyme activity. PT showed an anti-inflammatory effect in the different specific and non-specific tests. We found a 51, 66 and 70% inhibitory effect of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg of PT, respectively, in the rat paw edema test. In the pleurisy assay, 40 mg/kg of PT induced a low neutrophil count (up to 36%) when compared to the negative control group, and 20 mg/kg of PT increased the content of lymphocytes by up to 28% and the pleural exudate volume decreased by 52% when compared to the negative control group, respectively. We also found an 81.4% inflammatory inhibition of the edema ear with 0.04 mg/ear of PT, and a significant myeloperoxidase enzyme inhibition by the three doses of PT tested. We conclude that PT exerted a potent anti-inflammatory effect in the acute inflammation model in rodents.
PubMed: 37623851
DOI: 10.3390/metabo13080907 -
Archives of Razi Institute Oct 2022causes a wide variety of infectious diseases. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a large heat-stable polymer that is gram-negative bacteria's major outer membrane component,...
causes a wide variety of infectious diseases. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a large heat-stable polymer that is gram-negative bacteria's major outer membrane component, accounting for roughly 75% of the surface area and 5-10% of the total dry weight. Therefore the current study was carried out to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of purified lipopolysaccharide produced from local clinical isolates compared with ZnO-NPs and LPS-ZnO NPs. To do the experimental evaluations 35, Balb/c mouse was injected intramuscularly (i.m.) with different concentrations of the purified LPS, ZnoNPs and LPS-ZnoNPs for 12 days and immunized with 10% SRBCs (i.p) on day 4 and 8 of the schedule, while suspension and normal saline for positive and negative control groups. Focus on estimating body weight before and after treatment, Arthus and delayed-type hypersensitivity, and detecting serum level of cytokines (TLR-2, IL1Beta, IL4, and IL10) using sandwich ELISA. The data showed the highest value before and after treatment with LPS-ZnO NPs recorded in 2µg/mouse was 27. 92±1.48 and 31.50±0.4, respectively. In Arthurs reaction and Delayed type hypersensitivity, the highest results showed in the positive control group injected with 4.08±0.17 and 4.86±80.02, respectively. The results of TLR-2 showed the highest value in the positive control group, 242.17±3.98 pg/ml, followed by Group LPS at 135.51.58 pg/ml. The results of Interleukin-1Beta showed the highest value in the positive control group, 254.88±3.51 pg/ml, followed by Group LPS 174.3± 1.46 pg/ml. The concentration of IL-4 in serum of treated albino mice showed the highest value in the positive control group, 136.2±1.12 pg/ml, followed by Group LPS 86.12±1.49 pg/ml. While the highest value of IL-10 was recorded in the positive control group, 98.58± 4.09 pg/ml, followed by Group LPS- ZnoNP in concentration 4µg/ mouse was 86.018±0.69 pg/ml. The results of the statistical analysis showed a significant difference (≤0.05) between LPS, ZnoNPs, and LPs-ZnoNPs treated groups and control groups (positive & negative). In the present study, we can conclude that LPS-ZnO NPs had a positive immunomodulatory effect on immune response in immunized mice. As shown in the results of the level of IL-1 beta, IL-4, IL-10, and TLRs-2, Abs titer, and Arthus and DTH reactions.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Zinc Oxide; Lipopolysaccharides; Interleukin-10; Toll-Like Receptor 2; Interleukin-4; Nanoparticles; Immunity
PubMed: 37123110
DOI: 10.22092/ARI.2022.358493.2233 -
Journal of Dermatological Science Jul 2019Local type III hypersensitivity reactions are acute inflammatory events induced by immune complex (IC) deposition. CD22 and CD72 are B cell-specific cell surface...
BACKGROUND
Local type III hypersensitivity reactions are acute inflammatory events induced by immune complex (IC) deposition. CD22 and CD72 are B cell-specific cell surface molecules that negatively regulate B cell function.
OBJECTIVE
To elucidate the roles of CD22 and CD72 in the development of IgG-mediated type III hypersensitivity reactions.
METHOD
The reverse Arthus reaction model in the skin was induced in mice lacking CD22 (CD22), CD72 (CD72), and both of them (CD22/CD72). Edema at 4h and hemorrhage at 8h after IC challenge were evaluated. Inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine and chemokine expression were also examined.
RESULTS
Edema and hemorrhage were significantly reduced in CD22/CD72 mice compared with wild-type mice. The loss of both membrane proteins resulted in a greater decrease in edema at 4h, but not hemorrhage at 8h, than the loss of each protein alone. Infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells, and the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, MIP-1α, and CCR5 mRNA were also diminished in the knockout mice compared to wild-type mice, and most significantly reduced in CD22/CD72 mice. Regulatory T (Treg) cells in the spleen were significantly increased in all knockout mice at 4h. Significant differences in the severity of edema and hemorrhage between wild-type and knockout mice were lost when Treg cells were depleted in the knockout mice.
CONCLUSION
These results demonstrate that CD22 and CD72 expression contribute to the development of the reverse Arthus reaction model and CD22 and CD72 might be therapeutic targets for human IC-mediated diseases.
Topics: Animals; Antigen-Antibody Complex; Antigens, CD; Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte; Arthus Reaction; Biopsy; Injections, Intradermal; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2; Skin
PubMed: 31262443
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2019.06.005 -
Platelets May 2020In recent years, accumulating evidence has indicated that platelets continuously repair vascular damage at sites of inflammation and/or infection. Studies in mouse... (Review)
Review
In recent years, accumulating evidence has indicated that platelets continuously repair vascular damage at sites of inflammation and/or infection. Studies in mouse models of inflammation have highlighted the fact that the mechanisms underlying bleeding prevention by platelets in inflamed organs can substantially differ from those supporting primary hemostasis following tail tip transection or thrombus formation in models of thrombosis. As a consequence, exploration of the hemostatic function of platelets in inflammation, as well as assessment of the risk of inflammation-induced bleeding associated with a platelet deficit and/or the use of anti-thrombotic drugs, require the use of dedicated experimental models. In the present review, we present the pros and cons of the cutaneous reversed passive Arthus reaction, a model of inflammation which has been instrumental in studying how inflammation causes vascular injury and how platelets continuously intervene to repair it. The limitations and common issues encountered when working with mouse models of inflammation for investigating platelet functions in inflammation are also discussed.
Topics: Animals; Arthus Reaction; Blood Platelets; Disease Models, Animal; Hemorrhage; Hemostasis; Inflammation; Mice; Thrombosis
PubMed: 32105152
DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1732325 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2020In our previous study, we have found increased serum levels of HMGB1 in patients with Henoch- Schonlein purpura (HSP), allergic vasculitis (AV), and urticarial...
In our previous study, we have found increased serum levels of HMGB1 in patients with Henoch- Schonlein purpura (HSP), allergic vasculitis (AV), and urticarial vasculitis (UV) and altered HMGB1 distribution in lesional skin in patients with HSP. HMGB1 plays a pro-inflammatory role in the pathogenesis of HSP. To further investigate the role of HMGB1 in the pathogenic mechanism of vasculitis, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of HMGB1 blockades (including anti-HMGB1 mAb and glycyrrhizin) in a mouse model of a cutaneous reverse passive Arthus (RPA) reaction. A total of 36 balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: the control group, IC model group, HMGB1 monoclonal antibody (anti-HMGB1-mAb) group and the glycyrrhizin group, with nine mice in each group. A cutaneous RPA reaction mouse model was established by injections of the OVA antibody and the OVA antigen. Mice of the anti-HMGB1-mAb group and glycyrrhizin group were pre-treated with anti-HMGB1 mAb or glycyrrhizin, respectively, before the RPA reaction. Our results indicated that HMGB1 blockades (anti-HMGB1 mAb and glycyrrhizin) obviously extenuated the severity of vasculitis skin damage and improved the histological evolvement of inflammatory cells infiltration, vascular fibroid necrosis, and vasodilation in a cutaneous RPA reaction mouse model. In addition, HMGB1 blockades reduced the infiltration of neutrophils, DCs, and T cells and decreased the mRNA expression of IL-6 and CCL5 in skin lesions in the cutaneous RPA reaction mouse model. We suggest that HMGB1 blockades may represent a new direction for the treatment of cutaneous vasculitis.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Biomarkers; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Susceptibility; Gene Expression; Glycyrrhizic Acid; HMGB1 Protein; Immunohistochemistry; Mice; Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous
PubMed: 33133061
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02032 -
International Journal of Biological... Feb 2021Zizyphus mauritiana Lam. seeds (ZMS) have been used medicinally as sedative or hypnotic drugs in most of Asian countries. ZMS has significant benefits to the human...
Zizyphus mauritiana Lam. seeds (ZMS) have been used medicinally as sedative or hypnotic drugs in most of Asian countries. ZMS has significant benefits to the human health. Therefore, we have evaluated immunomodulatory effect of lectin extracted from these ZMSL in both in vitro and in vivo study. Anaphylaxis is a severe life-threatening allergic reaction and Arthus reaction is deposition of immune complex and complement system activation, so we hypothesized that if ZMSL can protect these severe allergic diseases. We have studied the effect of ZMSL on macrophages and Wistar albino rats and confirmed its protective effect against anaphylaxis and Arthus reaction. Results of this study suggest ZMSL have immunostimulatory and antiallergic activity.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Anti-Allergic Agents; Arthus Reaction; Blood Group Antigens; Complement Inactivating Agents; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Hemagglutination; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Lectins; Leukocytes; Lymphocyte Activation; Lysosomes; Macrophages; Phagocytosis; Plants, Medicinal; Rabbits; Rats, Wistar; Seeds; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Ziziphus; Rats
PubMed: 33428960
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.027 -
The Journal of Dermatology Feb 2021The formation and deposition of immune complexes (IC) containing immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies induces an acute inflammatory response with tissue injury. One of the...
The formation and deposition of immune complexes (IC) containing immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies induces an acute inflammatory response with tissue injury. One of the experimental models of IC-related vasculitis is the cutaneous reverse passive Arthus reaction, in which IgG antibodies are injected i.d., followed immediately by the i.v. application of the corresponding antigen. This reaction is characterized by edema, hemorrhage and neutrophil infiltration. To assess the role of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 in IC-related vasculitis, we investigated the cutaneous Arthus reaction using IL-10 knockout (IL-10KO) mice. Edema, which was quantified macroscopically by measuring the vascular leakage of Evans blue dye at 4 h after IC challenge, was significantly increased in IL-10KO mice compared with wild-type mice. In addition, hemorrhage, which was assessed by the average diameter of purpuric spots at 8 h after IC challenge, was enhanced significantly in IL-10KO mice compared with wild-type mice. Histological examination showed that the number of extravascular neutrophils was significantly increased in IL-10KO mice compared with wild-type mice at 4 and 8 h after IC challenge. Analysis of pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression showed that IL-6 mRNA levels were significantly increased in IL-10KO mice compared with wild-type mice at 4 and 8 h after IC challenge. These results showed that IC-induced inflammation and vascular damage were significantly enhanced in the absence of IL-10. Thus, IL-10 may limit tissue disruption by suppressing the excessive infiltration of neutrophils and cytokine expression in a mouse model of type III vasculitis.
Topics: Animals; Antigen-Antibody Complex; Arthus Reaction; Cytokines; Interleukin-10; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Skin
PubMed: 33063335
DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15641