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Medecine Et Maladies Infectieuses Aug 2020Medical publications about anosmia with COVID-19 are scarce. We aimed to describe the prevalence and features of anosmia in COVID-19 patients. (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Medical publications about anosmia with COVID-19 are scarce. We aimed to describe the prevalence and features of anosmia in COVID-19 patients.
METHODS
We retrospectively included COVID-19 patients with anosmia between March 1st and March 17th, 2020. We used SARS-CoV-2 real time PCR in respiratory samples to confirm the cases.
RESULTS
Fifty-four of 114 patients (47%) with confirmed COVID-19 reported anosmia. Mean age of the 54 patients was 47 (±16) years; 67% were females and 37% were hospitalised. The median Charlson comorbidity index was 0.70 (±1.6 [0-7]). Forty-six patients (85%) had dysgeusia and 28% presented with pneumonia. Anosmia began 4.4 (±1.9 [1-8]) days after infection onset. The mean duration of anosmia was 8.9 (±6.3 [1-21]) days and 98% of patients recovered within 28 days.
CONCLUSIONS
Anosmia was present in half of our European COVID-19 patients and was often associated with dysgeusia.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Cohort Studies; Comorbidity; Coronavirus Infections; Female; France; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Olfaction Disorders; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Pandemics; Pneumonia; Pneumonia, Viral; Prevalence; Respiratory Function Tests; Retrospective Studies; SARS-CoV-2; Severity of Illness Index; Time Factors
PubMed: 32305563
DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.04.006 -
Neurology Perspectives 2021
PubMed: 38620903
DOI: 10.1016/j.neurop.2021.05.002 -
Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing Sep 2023Taste alteration is a common side effect of chemotherapy and can have a direct impact on patients' quality of life. Consistent evaluation of alteration in taste is...
Taste alteration is a common side effect of chemotherapy and can have a direct impact on patients' quality of life. Consistent evaluation of alteration in taste is lacking in clinical practice. The literature strongly suppo.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Taste; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Antineoplastic Agents
PubMed: 37729452
DOI: 10.1188/23.CJON.479-485 -
Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of... Jun 2023Taste is one of our five primary senses, and taste impairment has been shown to increase with aging. The ability to taste allows us to enjoy the food we eat and to avoid... (Review)
Review
Taste is one of our five primary senses, and taste impairment has been shown to increase with aging. The ability to taste allows us to enjoy the food we eat and to avoid foods that are potentially spoiled or poisonous. Recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of taste receptor cells located within taste buds help us decipher how taste works. The discoveries of "classic" endocrine hormones in taste receptor cells point toward taste buds being actual endocrine organs. A better understanding of how taste works may help in reversing taste impairment associated with aging.
Topics: Humans; Taste; Taste Buds; Hormones; Endocrinology; Aging
PubMed: 36948781
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2022.10.002 -
Tropical Biomedicine Sep 2021Ever since the first reported case series on SARS-CoV-2-induced neurological manifestation in Wuhan, China in April 2020, various studies reporting similar as well as... (Review)
Review
Ever since the first reported case series on SARS-CoV-2-induced neurological manifestation in Wuhan, China in April 2020, various studies reporting similar as well as diverse symptoms of COVID-19 infection relating to the nervous system were published. Since then, scientists started to uncover the mechanism as well as pathophysiological impacts it has on the current understanding of the disease. SARS-CoV-2 binds to the ACE2 receptor which is present in certain parts of the body which are responsible for regulating blood pressure and inflammation in a healthy system. Presence of the receptor in the nasal and oral cavity, brain, and blood allows entry of the virus into the body and cause neurological complications. The peripheral and central nervous system could also be invaded directly in the neurogenic or hematogenous pathways, or indirectly through overstimulation of the immune system by cytokines which may lead to autoimmune diseases. Other neurological implications such as hypoxia, anosmia, dysgeusia, meningitis, encephalitis, and seizures are important symptoms presented clinically in COVID-19 patients with or without the common symptoms of the disease. Further, patients with higher severity of the SARS-CoV-2 infection are also at risk of retaining some neurological complications in the long-run. Treatment of such severe hyperinflammatory conditions will also be discussed, as well as the risks they may pose to the progression of the disease. For this review, articles pertaining information on the neurological manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection were gathered from PubMed and Google Scholar using the search keywords "SARS-CoV-2", "COVID-19", and "neurological dysfunction". The findings of the search were filtered, and relevant information were included.
Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Anosmia; COVID-19; Central Nervous System; Dysgeusia; Encephalitis, Viral; Humans; Meningitis, Viral; Nervous System Diseases; Peripheral Nervous System; SARS-CoV-2; Seizures
PubMed: 34608117
DOI: 10.47665/tb.38.3.086 -
The Lancet. Microbe Aug 2023The most prevalent symptoms of post-COVID-19 condition are pulmonary dysfunction, fatigue and muscle weakness, anxiety, anosmia, dysgeusia, headaches, difficulty in... (Review)
Review
The most prevalent symptoms of post-COVID-19 condition are pulmonary dysfunction, fatigue and muscle weakness, anxiety, anosmia, dysgeusia, headaches, difficulty in concentrating, sexual dysfunction, and digestive disturbances. Hence, neurological dysfunction and autonomic impairments predominate in post-COVID-19 condition. Tachykinins including the most studied substance P are neuropeptides expressed throughout the nervous and immune systems, and contribute to many physiopathological processes in the nervous, immune, gastrointestinal, respiratory, urogenital, and dermal systems and participate in inflammation, nociception, and cell proliferation. Substance P is a key molecule in neuroimmune crosstalk; immune cells near the peripheral nerve endings can send signals to the brain with cytokines, which highlights the important role of tachykinins in neuroimmune communication. We reviewed the evidence that relates the symptoms of post-COVID-19 condition to the functions of tachykinins and propose a putative pathogenic mechanism. The antagonism of tachykinins receptors can be a potential treatment target.
Topics: Humans; Substance P; COVID-19; Tachykinins; Neuropeptides; Receptors, Tachykinin
PubMed: 37327802
DOI: 10.1016/S2666-5247(23)00111-8 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... 2022The sequelae of head-and-neck radiation may include hyposalivation, dysgeusia, trismus, mucositis, and osteoradionecrosis. A mouthguard used during radiation therapy can...
The sequelae of head-and-neck radiation may include hyposalivation, dysgeusia, trismus, mucositis, and osteoradionecrosis. A mouthguard used during radiation therapy can mitigate the effects of backscatter radiation from dental restorations. In addition, an intraoral positioning stent can assist in repositioning oral structures, such as the tongue, away from the field of radiation during treatment, thereby limiting dose delivery. The purpose of this article is to provide a technique to fabricate a combination prosthesis, which functions to reposition oral structures as well as mitigate the effects of backscatter from dental restorations during head-and-neck radiation therapy.
Topics: Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Osteoradionecrosis; Stents; Trismus; Xerostomia
PubMed: 36149177
DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.JCRT_825_19 -
Brain and Behavior Nov 2020Olfactory and taste dysfunction (OTD) is a potential neurological manifestation of coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of symptoms... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Olfactory and taste dysfunction (OTD) is a potential neurological manifestation of coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of symptoms of anosmia and dysgeusia for COVID-19.
METHODS
A comprehensive electronic search was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane database, and Google Scholar from 1 June 2020 to 12 June 2020. All studies reporting symptoms of anosmia and dysgeusia in COVID-19-positive patients were included. A total of 23 studies were included in the systematic review.
RESULTS
Symptoms of anosmia and dysgeusia were frequently reported by COVID-19-positive patients. Symptoms were more common in females and in younger patients. There was no direct association between the severity of COVID-19 and the presence of symptoms. However, some evidence was found for a longer duration of these symptoms and increased severity of COVID-19 infection in young patients.
CONCLUSION
OTD is commonly reported by COVID-19 patients. Due to limited literature on the association between OTD and COVID-19, it is currently not possible to conclude that these symptoms alone can be used to diagnose COVID-19. However, the presence of OTD can potentially be used as a screening tool for COVID-19 especially in young and female patients. Further research is required to establish the true diagnostic value of these symptoms and efficacy as screening tools for COVID-19 patients.
Topics: COVID-19; COVID-19 Testing; Dysgeusia; Female; Humans; Olfaction Disorders; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 32935915
DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1839 -
Attributes of dysgeusia and anosmia of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in hospitalized patients.Oral Diseases Apr 2022While chemosensory dysfunctions, dysgeusia and anosmia/hyposmia, are recognized as distinctive symptoms of COVID-19, their temporality of presentation and association...
OBJECTIVES
While chemosensory dysfunctions, dysgeusia and anosmia/hyposmia, are recognized as distinctive symptoms of COVID-19, their temporality of presentation and association with the patient age, gender, disease severity, and comorbidities has been sparsely studied. Hence, we evaluated the latter associations of chemosensory dysfunction, in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Information on chemosensory dysfunction and history of chronic systemic comorbidities, if any, was obtained from 149 COVID-19 patients in an infectious disease hospital in UAE, using their medical records, as well as from a face-to-face questionnaire survey. Additionally, a modified SNOT-22 questionnaire that measures disease-specific quality of life in patients with upper respiratory tract affections was also administered.
RESULTS
Chemosensory dysfunction was reported by 94.6% of the cohort, and anosmia with dysgeusia was significantly more in males than females with severe COVID-19. Males with moderate COVID-19 and systemic comorbidities were more likely to present with chemosensory dysfunction in comparison with females. SNOT-22 questionnaire revealed that nasal blockage and runny nose were more prevalent in mild/moderate, than in the severe, state of COVID-19.
CONCLUSION
Our data confirm the commonality of chemosensory dysfunction during COVID-19 progression, and the significantly more pronounced combined dysfunction in males with severe COVID-19, and comorbidities.
Topics: Anosmia; COVID-19; Dysgeusia; Female; Humans; Male; Quality of Life; United Arab Emirates
PubMed: 33176049
DOI: 10.1111/odi.13713 -
Cancer Nov 2022
Topics: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Melphalan; Multiple Myeloma; Taste; Transplantation Conditioning; Transplantation, Autologous
PubMed: 36041229
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34443