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CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Apr 2024
Topics: Humans; Measles; Measles Vaccine
PubMed: 38649173
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.240415 -
Przeglad Epidemiologiczny 2021Since 1998 Poland has endorsed measles elimination programme which is coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO). To accomplish measles elimination in the...
INTRODUCTION
Since 1998 Poland has endorsed measles elimination programme which is coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO). To accomplish measles elimination in the country, achievement of vaccination coverage at 95% in the population is needed, as is the monitoring of the epidemiological situation, i.e.: reporting on cases suspected of measles and conducting laboratory diagnostics in WHO Reference Laboratory. Polish Reference Laboratory is located at the Department of Virology NIPH NIH - NRI.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of the article is to analyze the epidemiological situation of measles in Poland in 2019 with presenting the measles vaccination coverage and the progress of the measles elimination programme in Poland.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The epidemiological situation of measles in Poland was analyzed on the basis of the case-based questionnaires of cases suspected of measles sent to NIPH NIH-NRI by the Sanitary and Epidemiological Stations, data from the publications: "Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland in 2019" and "Vaccinations in Poland in 2019".
RESULTS
In 2019, 1,502 cases of measles were notified to the surveillance system in Poland (incidence 3.91 per 100,000 population, more than four times more than in 2018). The highest incidence was observed in the aged 35-39 was estimated at 11.36 per 100,000 population. Out of all cases, 772 (51.4%) were hospitalized. No fatal cases due to the measles were reported. In 2019 the maintenance of high vaccination coverage among children aged 2 and 12 years old was observed - from 92.6% to 99.5% (primary vaccination, children born in 2009-2017).
CONCLUSIONS
The epidemiological situation of measles in 2019 in comparison with the situation in 2018, has deteriorated. This was a trend in throughout Europe.
Topics: Adolescent; Age Distribution; Child; Child, Preschool; Disease Outbreaks; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Measles; Poland; Registries; Rural Population; Urban Population
PubMed: 35543539
DOI: 10.32394/pe.75.56 -
Journal of the Chinese Medical... Jan 2020Measles is a highly infectious viral illness and is one of the world's most contagious diseases that can affect all people if they have not been vaccinated or have not... (Review)
Review
Measles is a highly infectious viral illness and is one of the world's most contagious diseases that can affect all people if they have not been vaccinated or have not had it before. Before measles vaccine became available in 1963, major epidemic occurred approximately every 2 to 3 years and thus 99% of the people were thought to have been infected naturally with measles virus and got immune for life. In 2000, measles was declared eliminated from the United States, and yet 1215 cases have been reported from 30 states as of August 22, 2019. Currently, there are several large measles outbreaks universally, and some people who were not immune and they need to get their measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine to prevent measles outbreaks. As vaccination coverage increases, the average age of measles infection can change to adolescents and young adults. In addition, the protective antibodies derived from vaccination might decrease gradually, and the risk of measles infection in young adults is increasing regardless of international travelling.
Topics: Disease Outbreaks; Humans; Measles; Measles Vaccine; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; Vaccination
PubMed: 31569091
DOI: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000210 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Jul 2019
Review
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Communicable Disease Control; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Measles; Measles Vaccine; United States; Vitamin A; Vitamins
PubMed: 31184814
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMcp1905181 -
Current Opinion in Virology Apr 2020Clearance of measles virus is complex. Infectious virus is cleared by the adaptive immune response manifested by the characteristic maculopapular rash. CD8 T cells are... (Review)
Review
Clearance of measles virus is complex. Infectious virus is cleared by the adaptive immune response manifested by the characteristic maculopapular rash. CD8 T cells are major effectors of infectious virus clearance, a process that may fail in individuals with compromised cellular immune responses leading to progressive giant cell pneumonia and/or measles inclusion body encephalitis. In contrast to the usual rapid clearance of infectious virus, clearance of viral RNA is slow with persistence in lymphoid tissue for many months. Persistence of MeV RNA may contribute to the late development of the slowly progressive disease subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in children infected at a young age and to measles-associated immune suppression but also to maturation of the immune response and development of life-long immunity.
Topics: Animals; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Humans; Measles; Measles virus; RNA, Viral
PubMed: 32387998
DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2020.03.003 -
JAMA Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Measles; Measles Vaccine
PubMed: 36374512
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2022.21363 -
American Journal of Clinical Pathology Jan 2023Present-day pathologists may be unfamiliar with the histopathologic features of measles, which is a reemerging disease. Awareness of these features may enable early...
OBJECTIVES
Present-day pathologists may be unfamiliar with the histopathologic features of measles, which is a reemerging disease. Awareness of these features may enable early diagnosis of measles in unsuspected cases, including those with an atypical presentation. Using archived tissue samples from historic patients, a unique source of histopathologic information about measles and other reemerging infectious diseases, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the histopathologic features of measles seen in commonly infected tissues during prodrome, active, and late phases of the disease.
METHODS
Subspecialty pathologists analyzed H&E-stained slides of specimens from 89 patients accessioned from 1919 to 1998 and correlated the histopathologic findings with clinical data.
RESULTS
Measles caused acute and chronic histopathologic changes, especially in the respiratory, lymphoid (including appendix and tonsils), and central nervous systems. Bacterial infections in lung and other organs contributed significantly to adverse outcomes, especially in immunocompromised patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Certain histopathologic features, especially Warthin-Finkeldey cells and multinucleated giant cells without inclusions, allow pathologists to diagnose or suggest the diagnosis of measles in unsuspected cases.
Topics: Humans; Measles; Lung; Giant Cells; Inclusion Bodies
PubMed: 36315019
DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqac124 -
Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical... Aug 2019Measles is a highly contagious and communicable viral disease which may be prevented by a sustained vaccination program. Due to missed vaccination, two major epidemics...
Measles is a highly contagious and communicable viral disease which may be prevented by a sustained vaccination program. Due to missed vaccination, two major epidemics of measles (1997-1999 and 2014-2015) have been recorded after the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) with over 10,000 patients registered. According to the World Health Organization, BH is categorized as a country with endemic transmission of measles. The last measles epidemic was between 2014 and 2015, with 5,083 documented patients in the Federation of BH. In the first four months of 2019, more than 700 measles cases were registered in the same region. Significant transmission rate has been observed in Sarajevo Canton (SC) with 570 documented measles cases. Out of 570 measles cases in SC, 92.5% were unvaccinated. The most affected were children up to 6 years of age (62.8%), with one documented case of death (7-month old infant). In addition to this report, we discussed key stakeholders and possible circumstances responsible for the epidemic. The measles epidemic is still ongoing.
Topics: Adolescent; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Child; Child, Preschool; Epidemics; Humans; Immunization Programs; Infant; Mass Vaccination; Measles
PubMed: 31064166
DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2019.4266 -
Medicina 2022
Topics: Humans; Measles; Rabies; Tuberculosis
PubMed: 35904912
DOI: No ID Found -
Medicina Clinica Nov 2022
Topics: Humans; Measles; Exanthema
PubMed: 35963804
DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2022.07.006