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Postgraduate Medicine Nov 2019
Topics: Anti-Vaccination Movement; Humans; Measles; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; Vaccination Refusal
PubMed: 31554447
DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2019.1669409 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Apr 2024
Topics: Humans; Measles; Measles Vaccine; Vaccination; Canada
PubMed: 38649166
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.240371 -
Current Opinion in Virology Apr 2020Measles virus causes a disease with seemingly innocent symptoms, such as fever and rash. However, measles immune suppression causes increased susceptibility to... (Review)
Review
Measles virus causes a disease with seemingly innocent symptoms, such as fever and rash. However, measles immune suppression causes increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections that are responsible for the majority of over 100000 yearly fatalities. The pathogenesis of measles is complex, because measles virus uses multiple receptors to infect different cell types in different phases of the disease. Experimental morbillivirus infections with wild-type viruses in natural host species have demonstrated that direct infection and depletion of memory immune cells causes immune amnesia. This was confirmed in studies of a measles outbreak in unvaccinated children and provides an explanation for epidemiological observations of long-term increases in morbidity and mortality after measles.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Immunologic Memory; Measles; Measles virus
PubMed: 32339942
DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2020.03.002 -
BMJ Global Health Jul 2023Since 2000, the incidence of measles and rubella has declined as measles-rubella (MR) vaccine coverage increased due to intensified routine immunisation (RI) and...
BACKGROUND
Since 2000, the incidence of measles and rubella has declined as measles-rubella (MR) vaccine coverage increased due to intensified routine immunisation (RI) and supplementary immunisation activities (SIAs). The World Health Assembly commissioned a feasibility assessment of eliminating measles and rubella. The objective of this paper is to present the findings of cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) of ramping up MR vaccination with a goal of eliminating transmission in every country.
METHODS
We used projections of impact of routine and SIAs during 2018-2047 for four scenarios of ramping up MR vaccination. These were combined with economic parameters to estimate costs and disability-adjusted life years averted under each scenario. Data from the literature were used for estimating the cost of increasing routine coverage, timing of SIAs and introduction of rubella vaccine in countries.
RESULTS
The CEA showed that all three scenarios with ramping up coverage above the current trend were more cost-effective in most countries than the 2018 trend for both measles and rubella. When the measles and rubella scenarios were compared with each other, the most cost-effective scenario was likely to be the most accelerated one. Even though this scenario is costlier, it averts more cases and deaths and substantially reduces the cost of treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
The Intensified Investment scenario is likely the most cost-effective of the vaccination scenarios evaluated for reaching both measles and rubella disease elimination. Some data gaps on costs of increasing coverage were identified and future efforts should focus on filling these gaps.
Topics: Humans; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Developing Countries; Rubella; Measles; Poverty
PubMed: 37429697
DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2022-011526 -
Journal of Special Operations Medicine... 2020Measles is a significant concern with approximately 10 million people infected annually causing over 100,000 deaths worldwide. In the US before use of the measles...
Measles is a significant concern with approximately 10 million people infected annually causing over 100,000 deaths worldwide. In the US before use of the measles vaccine, there were estimated to be 3 to 4 million people infected with measles annually, causing 400 to 500 deaths. Complications of measles include otitis media, diarrhea, pneumonia, and acute encephalitis. Measles is a leading cause of blindness in the developing world, especially in those who are vitamin A deficient. Malnourished children with measles are also at higher risk of developing noma (or cancrum oris), a rapidly progressive gangrenous infection of the mouth and face. Most deaths due to measles are caused by pneumonia, diarrhea, or neurological complications in young children, severely malnourished or immunocompromised individuals, and pregnant women. A rare sequela of measles is subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Global Health; Humans; Measles; Measles Vaccine; Pregnancy
PubMed: 32573751
DOI: 10.55460/3NFC-341T -
JAMA Dermatology Apr 2021
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Measles; Mouth Diseases
PubMed: 33439233
DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.4397 -
The Ulster Medical Journal May 2021
Topics: Humans; Measles; Vaccination
PubMed: 34276090
DOI: No ID Found -
JAAPA : Official Journal of the... Dec 2021
Topics: Drug Combinations; Humans; Infant; Measles; Mumps; Rubella; Vaccination
PubMed: 34813536
DOI: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000800280.14011.81 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... May 2024
Topics: Humans; Measles; Measles Vaccine; Canada
PubMed: 38802137
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.240415-f -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... May 2024
Topics: Humans; Measles; Measles Vaccine; Vaccination; Canada
PubMed: 38802135
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.240371-f