-
Journal of Hazardous Materials Jan 2021Cytotoxic, chemical, biochemical, compositional, and morphometric responses were analyzed against heavy metal exposure in Ochrobactrum anthropi DE2010, an heterotrophic...
Cytotoxic, chemical, biochemical, compositional, and morphometric responses were analyzed against heavy metal exposure in Ochrobactrum anthropi DE2010, an heterotrophic bacterium isolated from Ebro Delta microbial mats (Tarragona, NE Spain). Several parameters of effect and exposure were evaluated to determine tolerance to a range of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb(II)), copper (Cu(II)), chromium (Cr(III)), and zinc (Zn) concentrations. Additionally, removal efficiency, polyphosphate production and metal localization patterns were also analyzed. O. anthropi DE2010 showed high resistance to the tested metals, supporting concentrations of up to 20 mM for Zn and 10 mM for the rest of the elements. The bacterium also demonstrated a high removal capacity of metals-up to 90 % and 40 % for Pb(II) and Cr(III), respectively. Moreover, polyphosphate production was strongly correlated with heavy metal concentration, and three clear cell localization patterns of metals were evidenced using compositional and imaging techniques: (i) extracellular in polyphosphate granules for Cu(II); (ii) in periplasmic space forming crystals with phosphorus for Pb(II); and (iii) intracytoplasmic in polyphosphate inclusions for Pb(II), Cr(III), and Zn. The high resistance and metal sequestration capacity of O. anthropi DE2010 both highlight its great potential for bioremediation strategies, especially in Pb and Cr polluted areas.
Topics: Chromium; Metals, Heavy; Ochrobactrum anthropi; Phosphorus; Spain
PubMed: 33254804
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123808 -
Clinical Nephrology Mar 2022, a ubiquitous Gram-negative bacterium of low virulence, is an increasingly recognized cause of infection in immunocompromised hosts such as patients with kidney failure...
INTRODUCTION
, a ubiquitous Gram-negative bacterium of low virulence, is an increasingly recognized cause of infection in immunocompromised hosts such as patients with kidney failure treated by dialysis.
CASE REPORT
We report the case of a male hemodialysis patient with a central venous catheter, who developed an asymptomatic blood stream infection caused by . The infection was cured, and the dialysis catheter salvaged with intravenous meropenem and an antibiotic lock solution with ciprofloxacin.
CONCLUSION
We identified 13 further cases of infection in hemodialysis patients and 10 cases in peritoneal dialysis patients in the literature. Antibiotic treatment depends on the results of susceptibility testing. In many patients, however, removal of the central venous or peritoneal dialysis catheter is required to cure the infection.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Ochrobactrum anthropi; Peritoneal Dialysis; Renal Dialysis
PubMed: 34958300
DOI: 10.5414/CN110692 -
BMC Ophthalmology Jun 2024Ochrobactrum anthropi is widely distributed and primarily infects patients with compromised immune functions . Historically, O. anthropi has been considered to possess... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Ochrobactrum anthropi is widely distributed and primarily infects patients with compromised immune functions . Historically, O. anthropi has been considered to possess low toxicity and pathogenicity; however, recent studies suggest that it may in fact cause severe purulent infections. In this case study, we examine a case of O. anthropi infection following corneal transplantation, exploring the occurrence and outcomes of such post-operative infections.
CASE PRESENTATION
A retrospective analysis of cases involved examinations, genetic testing for diagnosis, and subsequent treatment. In patients undergoing partial penetrating keratoplasty with a fungal corneal ulcer perforation, anterior chamber exudation and purulence were observed post-surgery. Despite antifungal treatment, genetic testing of the anterior chamber fluid and purulent material confirmed O. anthropi infection. The use of antimicrobial treatment specifically targeting O. anthropi was found to be effective in treating the infection.
CONCLUSION
Inflammatory reactions following corneal transplantation should be should be monitored for the presence of other infections. Genetic testing has significant implications for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Topics: Humans; Ochrobactrum anthropi; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Male; Keratoplasty, Penetrating; Corneal Ulcer; Corneal Transplantation; Female; Middle Aged; Antifungal Agents
PubMed: 38831303
DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03472-z -
Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online Nov 2020is an opportunistic, low-virulence pathogen occasionally associated with human infections and found largely in immunocompromised patients and those with intravascular...
is an opportunistic, low-virulence pathogen occasionally associated with human infections and found largely in immunocompromised patients and those with intravascular devices. We report the case of a healthy 70-year-old man who presented with an infection of the hand, who had no history of trauma but had been gardening for 4 months. Despite surgical debridement and empirical antibiotics, the infection could not be controlled. Cultures revealed . Antibiotic treatment was adapted to intravenous cefepime for 15 days and the infection was finally controlled after a second surgery. Oral cotrimoxazole was continued for another 2 weeks. infection of the hand must be considered not only in immunosuppressed patients but also in healthy patients without intravascular devices. Local debridement and empiric antibiotic may be insufficient. Antibiotic therapy should follow susceptibility testing, but usually includes a broad-spectrum intravenous beta-lactam such as imipenem-cilastatin or cefepime, or oral cotrimoxazole or ciprofloxacin.
PubMed: 35415523
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsg.2020.08.006 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports Mar 2022Ochrobactrum anthropi is an opportunistic and rare human pathogen, which is seen widely in the environment. O. anthropi infections have been reported in both...
INTRODUCTION
Ochrobactrum anthropi is an opportunistic and rare human pathogen, which is seen widely in the environment. O. anthropi infections have been reported in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. There is no proper consensus on the diagnosis and management of O. anthropi related infections.
CASE REPORT
We report a case of O. anthropi related left distal clavicular osteomyelitis in an immunocompetent individual with an elaborative diagnostic and treatment algorithm for its effective management.
CONCLUSION
A comprehensive management strategy with a combination of implant removal (if present) with extensive surgical debridement of bone and soft tissue and intravenous antibiotics results in successful eradication of O. anthropi infection.
PubMed: 36199934
DOI: 10.13107/jocr.2022.v12.i03.2730 -
Carbohydrate Polymers Oct 2023Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are major players in bacterial infection through the recognition by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The LPS chemical structure, including the...
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are major players in bacterial infection through the recognition by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The LPS chemical structure, including the oligosaccharide core and the lipid A moiety, can be strongly influenced by adaptation and modulated to assure bacteria protection, evade immune surveillance, or reduce host immune responses. Deep structural understanding of TLRs signaling is essential for the modulation of the innate immune system in sepsis control and inflammation, during bacterial infection. To advance this knowledge, we have employed computational techniques to characterize the TLR4 molecular recognition of atypical LPSs from different opportunistic members of α2-Proteobacteria, including Brucella melitensis, Ochrobactrum anthropi, and Ochrobactrum intermedium, with diverse immunostimulatory activities. We contribute to unraveling the role of uncommon lipid A chemical features such as bearing very long-chain fatty acid chains, whose presence has been rarely reported, on modulating the proper heterodimerization of the TLR4 receptor complex. Moreover, we further evaluated the influence of the different oligosaccharide cores, including sugar composition and net charge, on TLR4 activation. Our studies contribute to elucidating, from the molecular and biological perspectives, the impact of the α2-Proteobacteria LPS cores and the chemical structure of the atypical lipid A for immune system evasion in opportunistic bacteria.
Topics: Humans; Lipopolysaccharides; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Lipid A; Proteobacteria; Immune Evasion; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Oligosaccharides
PubMed: 37479429
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121094 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Aug 2019The genus Ochrobactrum belongs to the family Brucellaceae and its members are known to be adapted to a wide range of ecological niches. Ochrobactrum anthropi ATCC 49188...
The genus Ochrobactrum belongs to the family Brucellaceae and its members are known to be adapted to a wide range of ecological niches. Ochrobactrum anthropi ATCC 49188 and Ochrobactrum lupini LUP21 are strains isolated from human clinical and plant root nodule samples, respectively, which share high similarity for phylogenetic markers (i.e 100 % for 16S rRNA, 99.9 % for dnaK and 99.35 % for rpoB). In this work, multiple genome average nucleotide identity (ANI) approaches, digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) and phylogenetic analysis were performed in order to investigate the taxonomic relationship between O. anthropi ATCC 49188, O. lupini LUP21, and other five type strains from the genus Ochrobactrum. Whole-genome comparisons demonstrated that O. lupini LUP21 and the Ochrobactrum genus type species, O. anthropi ATCC 49188, share 97.55 % of ANIb, 98.25 % of ANIm, 97.99 % of gANI, 97.94 % of OrthoANI and 83.9 % of dDDH, which exceed the species delineation thresholds. These strains are also closely related in phylogenies reconstructed from a concatenation of 1193 sequences from single-copy ortholog genes. A review of their profiles revealed that O. anthropi ATCC 49188 and O. lupini LUP21 do not present pronounced differences at phenotypic and chemotaxonomic levels. Considering phylogenetic, genomic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data, O. lupini should be considered a later heterotypic synonym of O. anthropi.
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Humans; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Ochrobactrum; Ochrobactrum anthropi; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 31120414
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003465 -
Journal of Laboratory Physicians Mar 2023, due to its robust survival abilities, has been known to cause nosocomial and opportunistic infections, posing both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Low...
, due to its robust survival abilities, has been known to cause nosocomial and opportunistic infections, posing both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Low virulence, indolent clinical presentation, and lack of awareness on their clinical significance attribute to the underreporting of the same. We report two cases of bacteremia in oncology patients presented to us in a short span of 6 months, which indicates that such infections might be quite common in immunocompromised hosts. Both our strains were susceptible to carbapenems, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and minocycline, and recovered with monotherapy. More vigilant and accurate diagnostic techniques need to be followed not to miss such pathogens. Early identification and administration of appropriate antibiotics have been associated with a good outcome.
PubMed: 37064972
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757235 -
BMC Biotechnology Sep 2021The unnatural amino acid, L-2-aminobutyric acid (L-ABA) is an essential chiral building block for various pharmaceutical drugs, such as the antiepileptic drug...
BACKGROUND
The unnatural amino acid, L-2-aminobutyric acid (L-ABA) is an essential chiral building block for various pharmaceutical drugs, such as the antiepileptic drug levetiracetam and the antituberculosis drug ethambutol. The present study aims at obtaining variants of ω-transaminase from Ochrobactrum anthropi (OATA) with high catalytic activity to α-ketobutyric acid through protein engineering.
RESULTS
Based on the docking model using α-ketobutyric acid as the ligand, 6 amino acid residues, consisting of Y20, L57, W58, G229, A230 and M419, were chosen for saturation mutagenesis. The results indicated that L57C, M419I, and A230S substitutions demonstrated the highest elevation of enzymatic activity among 114 variants. Subsequently, double substitutions combining L57C and M419I caused a further increase of the catalytic efficiency to 3.2-fold. This variant was applied for threonine deaminase/OATA coupled reaction in a 50-mL reaction system with 300 mM L-threonine as the substrate. The reaction was finished in 12 h and the conversion efficiency of L-threonine into L-ABA was 94%. The purity of L-ABA is 75%, > 99% ee. The yield of L-ABA was 1.15 g.
CONCLUSION
This study provides a basis for further engineering of ω-transaminase for producing chiral amines from keto acids substrates.
Topics: Aminobutyrates; Catalytic Domain; Ochrobactrum anthropi; Transaminases
PubMed: 34563172
DOI: 10.1186/s12896-021-00713-7 -
Chemosphere Jan 2020Ochrobactrum anthropi DE2010 is a microorganism isolated from Ebro Delta microbial mats and able to resist high doses of chromium(III) due to its capacity to tolerate,...
Ochrobactrum anthropi DE2010 is a microorganism isolated from Ebro Delta microbial mats and able to resist high doses of chromium(III) due to its capacity to tolerate, absorb and accumulate this metal. The effect of this pollutant on O. anthropi DE2010 has been studied assessing changes in viability and biomass, sorption yields and removal efficiencies. Furthermore, and for the first time, its capacity for immobilizing Cr(III) from culture media was tested by a combination of High Angle Annular Dark Field (HAADF) Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) imaging coupled to Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The results showed that O. anthropi DE2010 was grown optimally at 0-2 mM Cr(III). On the other hand, from 2 to 10 mM Cr(III) microbial plate counts, growth rates, cell viability, and biomass decreased while extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production increases. Furthermore, this bacterium had a great ability to remove Cr(III) at 10 mM (q = 950.00 mg g) immobilizing it mostly in bright polyphosphate inclusions and secondarily on the cellular surface at the EPS level. Based on these results, O. anthropi DE2010 could be considered as a potential agent for bioremediation in Cr(III) contaminated environments.
Topics: Biodegradation, Environmental; Biomass; Chromium; Microbial Viability; Ochrobactrum anthropi; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission
PubMed: 31472343
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124663