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Microbiology Spectrum Aug 2023Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is well recognized as the main cause of cervical cancer. The recently developed Seegene Allplex HPV28 assay is a...
Comparison between the Roche Cobas 4800 Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Abbott RealTime High-Risk HPV, Seegene Anyplex II HPV28, and Novel Seegene Allplex HPV28 Assays for High-Risk HPV Detection and Genotyping in Mocked Self-Samples.
Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is well recognized as the main cause of cervical cancer. The recently developed Seegene Allplex HPV28 assay is a novel quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay designed to separately detect and quantify 28 distinct HPV genotypes in a fully automated and user-friendly manner. This study evaluated and compared the performance of this new assay with the performance of the Roche Cobas 4800, the Abbott RealTime high-risk HPV, and the Seegene Anyplex II HPV28 assays. A total of 114 mocked self-samples, i.e., semicervical samples collected by gynecologists using the Viba-Brush, were analyzed with all four HPV assays. Agreement in terms of detecting and genotyping HPV was assessed by the mean of the Cohen's kappa (κ) coefficient. Results of all four HPV assays agreed in 85.9% of the cases when using the Abbott RealTime manufacturer's recommended quantification cycle () cutoff for positivity (<32.00) and 91.2% when using an adapted range (32.00 to 36.00). An intercomparison of the included assays demonstrated an overall agreement ranging from 85.9 to 100.0% (κ = 0.42 to 1.00) when using the manufacturer's guidelines and 92.9 to 100.0% (κ = 0.60 to 1.00) with the adapted range. For all assays, highly significant, strongly positive Pearson correlations were shown between the values of positive test results. This study thereby shows high concordance between results of the included HPV assays on mocked self-samples. Based on these findings, we imply that the novel Allplex HPV28 assay demonstrates a comparable performance to those of available qPCR HPV assays, potentially providing opportunities for the simplification and standardization of future large-scale testing. This study proves that the novel Allplex HPV28 assay has a good diagnostic performance in comparison with the well-known, validated, and frequently used Roche Cobas 4800, Abbott RealTime, and Anyplex II HPV28 assays. According to our experience, the novel Allplex HPV28 assay had a user-friendly and automated workflow with short hands-on time, had an open platform which facilitates the use of add-on assays, and provided quick and easy-to-interpret results. Together with its ability to detect and quantify 28 HPV genotypes, the Allplex HPV28 assay could therefore potentially provide opportunities for the simplification and standardization of future diagnostic testing programs.
Topics: Female; Humans; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Genotype; Papillomavirus Infections; Sensitivity and Specificity; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; Papillomaviridae
PubMed: 37284753
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00081-23 -
International Reviews of Immunology 2021Human papilloma virus (HPV) has emerged as a primary cause of cervical cancer worldwide. HPV is a relatively small (55 nm in diameter) and non-enveloped virus... (Review)
Review
Human papilloma virus (HPV) has emerged as a primary cause of cervical cancer worldwide. HPV is a relatively small (55 nm in diameter) and non-enveloped virus containing approximately 8 kb long double stranded circular DNA genome. To date, 228 genotypes of HPV have been identified. Although all HPV infections do not lead to the development of malignancy of cervix, only persistent infection of high-risk types of HPV (mainly with HPV16 and HPV18) results in the disease. In addition, the immunity of the patients also acts as a key determinant in the carcinogenesis. Since, no HPV type specific medication is available for the patient suffering with cervical cancer, hence, a deep understanding of the disease etiology may be vital for developing an effective strategy for its prevention and management. From the immunological perspectives, the entire mechanisms of disease progression still remain unclear despite continuous efforts. In the present review, the recent developments in immunology of HPV-mediated cervix carcinoma were discussed. At the end, the prevention of disease using HPV type specific recombinant vaccines was also highlighted.
Topics: Alphapapillomavirus; Female; Humans; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 32853049
DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2020.1811859 -
Molecular Cell Jan 2024Compounds binding to the bromodomains of bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family proteins, particularly BRD4, are promising anticancer agents. Nevertheless, side...
Compounds binding to the bromodomains of bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family proteins, particularly BRD4, are promising anticancer agents. Nevertheless, side effects and drug resistance pose significant obstacles in BET-based therapeutics development. Using high-throughput screening of a 200,000-compound library, we identified small molecules targeting a phosphorylated intrinsically disordered region (IDR) of BRD4 that inhibit phospho-BRD4 (pBRD4)-dependent human papillomavirus (HPV) genome replication in HPV-containing keratinocytes. Proteomic profiling identified two DNA damage response factors-53BP1 and BARD1-crucial for differentiation-associated HPV genome amplification. pBRD4-mediated recruitment of 53BP1 and BARD1 to the HPV origin of replication occurs in a spatiotemporal and BRD4 long (BRD4-L) and short (BRD4-S) isoform-specific manner. This recruitment is disrupted by phospho-IDR-targeting compounds with little perturbation of the global transcriptome and BRD4 chromatin landscape. The discovery of these protein-protein interaction inhibitors (PPIi) not only demonstrates the feasibility of developing PPIi against phospho-IDRs but also uncovers antiviral agents targeting an epigenetic regulator essential for virus-host interaction and cancer development.
Topics: Humans; Transcription Factors; Nuclear Proteins; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Papillomavirus Infections; Proteomics; Cell Cycle Proteins; Papillomaviridae; Viral Proteins; Virus Replication; DNA Repair; Bromodomain Containing Proteins
PubMed: 38103559
DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.11.022 -
Revue Medicale Suisse Aug 2019
Topics: Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Female; Humans; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Sequence Analysis, RNA; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 31496179
DOI: No ID Found -
Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem Sep 2019To identify scientific evidence on quality of life measurement instruments used in individuals with infections caused by human papillomavirus. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To identify scientific evidence on quality of life measurement instruments used in individuals with infections caused by human papillomavirus.
METHOD
This was an integrative review carried out from April 1995 to March 2017 in the LILACS, SciVerse Scopus, ISI Web of Science, CINAHL, and PubMed databases. The controlled descriptors adopted were: Infecções por Papilomavirus; Qualidade de Vida; Papillomavirus Infections; and Quality of Life.
RESULTS
Of the 416 articles found, 12 were selected. Thirteen different types of instruments to evaluate the quality of life of individuals with human papillomavirus were identified, in that nine were generic and four specific.
CONCLUSION
Different generic and specific instruments were used to evaluate the quality of life of individuals with human papillomavirus, which means no consensus or preference among the studies was identified. However, a lack of use of specific instruments to evaluate this construct in this population was observed.
Topics: Humans; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Psychometrics; Quality of Life
PubMed: 31531663
DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0394 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2022Human papillomavirus (HPV) clearance is important in eliminating cervical cancer which contributes to high morbidity and mortality in women. Nevertheless, it remains... (Review)
Review
Human papillomavirus (HPV) clearance is important in eliminating cervical cancer which contributes to high morbidity and mortality in women. Nevertheless, it remains largely unknown about key players in clearing pre-existing HPV infections. HPV antigens can be detected by the most important cervical antigen-presenting cells (Langerhans cells, LCs), of which the activities can be affected by cervicovaginal microbiota. In this review, we first introduce persistent HPV infections and then describe HPV-suppressed LCs activities, including but not limited to antigen uptake and presentation. Given specific transcriptional profiling of LCs in cervical epithelium, we also discuss the impact of cervicovaginal microbiota on LCs activation as well as the promise of exploring key microbial players in activating LCs and HPV-specific cellular immunity.
Topics: Female; Humans; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Alphapapillomavirus; Langerhans Cells; Cervix Uteri
PubMed: 36311788
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.918190 -
Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue = National Journal... Dec 2022To determine the types and investigate the distribution and prognosis of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in different parts of the urethra and skin lesions in men.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the types and investigate the distribution and prognosis of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in different parts of the urethra and skin lesions in men.
METHODS
Using real-time fluorescence quantitative (RT-qPCR), we determined and analyzed the genotypes of HPV in the urethra and skin lesions of 620 male patients.
RESULTS
The results of HPV examination were comparable in the urethra and skin lesions of 53.39% of the patients (331/620) and different in 46.61% (289/620). HPV positive was detected in 36.61% (227/620) in the urethra and 44.84% (278/620) in skin lesions. Various HPV subtypes were identified in both the urethra and skin lesions, mostly of the low-risk type. High-risk types in the urethra included types 16, 52, 18 and 56, and those in the skin lesions included types 16, 51, 52 and 58 types.
CONCLUSION
Analysis of HPV infection in different parts and its prognosis helps to predict the risk of morbidity. Attention should be paid to the early detection of high-risk HPV infection in males so as to give positive and effective intervention and take targeted preventive measures for the high-risk population.
Topics: Humans; Male; Papillomavirus Infections; Urethra; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Risk Factors; Prognosis; Genotype; Papillomaviridae; Prevalence
PubMed: 37846630
DOI: No ID Found -
Virology Journal Mar 2022Data regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and genotype distribution are limited in Shannan City, Tibet Tibetan Autonomous Region, China. The purpose of this...
BACKGROUND
Data regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and genotype distribution are limited in Shannan City, Tibet Tibetan Autonomous Region, China. The purpose of this study is to provide reliable data for guiding women in Shannan City in cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccine innoculation.
METHODS
HPV testing was performed on women aged 16-109 years (mean age 44.03 ± 9.25 years) from Shannan City in 2019 and 2020, which was implemented technically by gynecological examination, vaginal discharge smear microscopy, cytology, and HPV detection. The overall prevalence, age-specific prevalence, and genotype distribution were analyzed.
RESULTS
A total of 48,126 women received HPV testing, of which 3929 were detected human papillomavirus. The HPV-positive rate was 8.16% (3929/48,126), and the highest prevalence was in the ≤ 25-year-old age group (12.68%). After the age of 25, the prevalence rate decreased rapidly, and then slowly increased from 7.49% in the 46-55 age group to 9.82% in the ≥ 66 age group, showing a "U-shaped" pattern. The positive prevalence of HPV 16 or 18-only was 1.43%, that of other HPV genotypes except HPV 16 or 18 was 6.39%, and mixed HPV infections including HPV 16 or 18 was 0.34%.
CONCLUSIONS
The HPV infection rate in Shannan city is rather low, and the age-specific prevalence of HPV infection presents a "U" curve, suggesting the importance of screening among younger women and the necessity of detection among older women.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alphapapillomavirus; China; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Genotype; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Prevalence; Tibet; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 35303926
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01775-5 -
International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2022Human papillomaviruses (HPVs), which belong to the family, constitute a group of small nonenveloped double-stranded DNA viruses. HPV has a small genome that only... (Review)
Review
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs), which belong to the family, constitute a group of small nonenveloped double-stranded DNA viruses. HPV has a small genome that only encodes a few proteins, and it is also responsible for 5% of all human cancers, including cervical, vaginal, vulvar, penile, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers. HPV types may be classified as high- and low-risk genotypes (HR-HPVs and LR-HPVs, respectively) according to their oncogenic potential. HR-HPV 16 and 18 are the most common types worldwide and are the primary types that are responsible for most HPV-related cancers. The activity of the viral E6 and E7 oncoproteins, which interfere with critical cell cycle points such as suppressive tumor protein p53 (p53) and retinoblastoma protein (pRB), is the major contributor to HPV-induced neoplastic initiation and progression of carcinogenesis. In addition, the E5 protein might also play a significant role in tumorigenesis. The role of HPV in the pathogenesis of gynecological cancers is still not fully understood, which indicates a wide spectrum of potential research areas. This review focuses on HPV biology, the distribution of HPVs in gynecological cancers, the properties of viral oncoproteins, and the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
Topics: Alphapapillomavirus; Carcinogenesis; Female; Humans; Neoplasms; Oncogene Proteins, Viral; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
PubMed: 35163748
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031818 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2022Human papillomavirus (HPV) negative cancers are associated with symptomatic detection, late-stage diagnosis, and worse prognosis. It is thus essential to investigate all...
Human papillomavirus (HPV) negative cancers are associated with symptomatic detection, late-stage diagnosis, and worse prognosis. It is thus essential to investigate all possible infectious agents and biomarkers that could early identify these HPV negative cancers. We aimed to analyze and compare the metatranscriptome present in HPV positive and HPV negative cervical cancers. We analyzed the whole RNA sequencing files from 223 HPV negative cervical cancers (negativity established after confirming cervical cancer diagnosis, sample adequacy and subjecting specimens to PCR and unbiased RNA sequencing), 223 HPV positive tumors and 11 blank paraffin block pools (used as controls) using Kraken2 software. Overall, 84 bacterial genera were detected, with 6/84 genera showing a positive median number of reads/sample and being present in both cervical tumor groups (HPV positive and negative). Viral reads belonged to 63 different viral genera, with 6/63 genera showing a positive median annotated read/sample value. No significant difference among genera was detected except for the presence of alpha-papillomaviruses. Metatranscriptome of bacteria and viruses present in HPV positive and HPV negative cervical cancers show no significant difference, except for HPV. Further studies are needed to early identify this biologically distinct group of cervical cancers.
Topics: Alphapapillomavirus; DNA, Viral; Female; Humans; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 36064569
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19008-8