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Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics Jul 2023To investigate the role of partial human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping tests in predicting the diagnosis of high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesion and cancer...
PURPOSE
To investigate the role of partial human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping tests in predicting the diagnosis of high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesion and cancer (HSIL +) as a result of colposcopic histopathology.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study included 2872 patients who presented at our colposcopy unit between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2019 and underwent colposcopy for the first time. The patients were compared in terms of HSIL + results as HPV 16/18 and HPV other type positive groups.
RESULTS
HSIL + was determined at the rate of 22.3% in the HPV 16/18 group and at 7.0% in the HPV Other group, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.000). HPV 16/18 types were found to be responsible for 84.8% of cervical cancers and 83.5% of HSIL and worse cases.
CONCLUSION
Partial HPV 16/18 genotyping is an effective strategy in the triage of HPV-positive women. HPV type identification consistent with the epidemiology of HPV types in HSIL + cases in the screened population, and the age-appropriate use of primary HPV tests will determine the sensitivity and cost effectiveness of screening.
Topics: Pregnancy; Humans; Female; Colposcopy; Genotype; Human papillomavirus 16; Papillomavirus Infections; Human papillomavirus 18; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Papillomaviridae; Early Detection of Cancer; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia
PubMed: 36543966
DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06879-5 -
Oral Diseases Apr 2021We aimed to provide pooled estimates of human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and evaluate the impact of presence of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to provide pooled estimates of human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and evaluate the impact of presence of epithelial dysplasia.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for studies that examined the prevalence of HPV DNA in OPMD tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
RESULTS
Across 52 eligible studies (2,677 cases), we found an overall pooled HPV prevalence of 22.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 16.6-29.0). Between-study heterogeneity was 93%. When stratified by subgroup, the pooled HPV prevalence in leukoplakia (1,232 cases) was 20.2% (95% CI 11.2-31.1), lichen planus (767 cases) 23.0% (95% CI 15.0-32.2), oral submucous fibrosis (238 cases) 28.6% (95% CI 23.0-34.5), proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (60 cases) 24.7% (95% CI 1.8-62.0), and OPMD unspecified (377 cases) 25.4% (95% CI 16.2-35.8). Information on presence of epithelial dysplasia was available in 19 studies, and the results did not vary substantially between non-dysplastic and dysplastic samples. HPV16 was the predominant genotype among HPV-positive OPMD cases (48.2%, 95% CI 31.4-65.2).
CONCLUSION
We found a pooled HPV DNA prevalence of 22.5% in OPMD cases with great between-study heterogeneity. The HPV prevalence appeared to be comparable across subgroups and independent of epithelial dysplasia.
Topics: Alphapapillomavirus; Humans; Leukoplakia, Oral; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Prevalence
PubMed: 32144837
DOI: 10.1111/odi.13322 -
Veterinary Pathology Nov 2023papillomavirus 1 (EdPV1) and papillomavirus 2 (EdPV2) are associated with cutaneous papillomas in North American porcupines (). This study defined gross,...
papillomavirus 1 (EdPV1) and papillomavirus 2 (EdPV2) are associated with cutaneous papillomas in North American porcupines (). This study defined gross, histopathologic, and molecular characteristics of viral papillomas in 10 North American porcupines submitted to the New York State Animal Health Diagnostic Center. Investigation for the presence of EdPV1 and EdPV2 DNA via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed in 9 of the 10 (90.0%) porcupines, and all porcupines were investigated for the detection and localization of EdPV1 and EdPV2 E6 and E7 nucleic acid via chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed in 2 porcupines. Papillomas were diagnosed on the muzzle ( = 4), caudal dorsum ( = 1), upper lip ( = 1), chin ( = 1), gingiva ( = 2), and nasal planum ( = 1). Histologically, the lesions consisted of hyperplastic epidermis or epithelium with orthokeratotic keratin, prominent keratohyalin granules, and intranuclear inclusion bodies. PCR identified EdPV1 in 6 of 9 samples and EdPV2 in the remaining 3 samples. NGS resulted in 100% genome coverage of EdPV1 and 76.20% genome coverage of EdPV2 compared with GenBank reference sequences, with 99.8% sequence identity to the complete EdPV2 L1 gene of a novel subtype recently identified in France. Hybridization patterns in 9 of the 10 (90.0%) porcupines were characterized by strong nuclear signals in the superficial epidermis, with strong nuclear and punctate cytoplasmic signals in the stratum spinosum and basale. In one animal, CISH suggested dual EdPV1 and EdPV2 infection.
Topics: Animals; Porcupines; Papillomaviridae; North America; Papilloma; France; Rodent Diseases
PubMed: 37264637
DOI: 10.1177/03009858231176564 -
International Journal of Gynaecology... Jan 2021To investigate the relationship between single/multiple HPV infections and cervical lesions, and the correlation between viral load and the degree of cervical lesions.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the relationship between single/multiple HPV infections and cervical lesions, and the correlation between viral load and the degree of cervical lesions.
METHODS
A total of 27 284 patients who underwent testing for HPV were retrospectively screened and 3728 women were enrolled who tested positive for HPV when examined by liquid-based ThinPrep cervical smear cytology test and diagnosed by histopathology at the Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital between May 2017 and March 2019. The genotype and viral load of HPV were determined by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Based on the pathological grade, the cervical lesions were stratified into three groups: chronic cervicitis/cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I; CIN II/CIN III; and cervical cancer.
RESULTS
There were significant intergroup differences in the distribution of single and multiple HPV infections. There was a positive correlation between the viral load and cervical pathological grade when the infections were caused by HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 51, 52, 53, and 58.
CONCLUSION
Multi-type HPV infections are more likely to aggravate the degree of cervical lesions than single-type infections. The HPV type-dependent viral load is associated with the cervical pathological grade.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; DNA, Viral; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Grading; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Retrospective Studies; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Viral Load; Young Adult; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia
PubMed: 33020921
DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.13406 -
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery May 2022Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is the most common neoplasm of head and neck cancers related to the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV). in the dental,...
Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is the most common neoplasm of head and neck cancers related to the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV). in the dental, maxillofacial and ENT fields, the finding of mediated HPV lesions is quite common. The diagnostic techniques currently available are different and can be more or less invasive depending on the type of lesion and the need for the clinician. In this study, two clinical cases subjected to a double diagnostic technique were considered in order to exclude any possible risk of false negatives. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique showed a lower sensitivity or in any case dictated by a limited number of HPV strains analyzed. Histological examination nowadays turns out to be the best diagnostic method despite requiring a surgical phase.
Topics: Alphapapillomavirus; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; DNA, Viral; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections
PubMed: 35727656
DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000008113 -
Virology Journal Jan 2023Certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) induce long-lasting infections that cause cervical cancer. This study evaluated the prevalence of HPV infections and the...
BACKGROUND
Certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) induce long-lasting infections that cause cervical cancer. This study evaluated the prevalence of HPV infections and the distribution of their genotypes among clinic patients and healthy women in Beijing, China.
METHODS
Cervical specimens were collected from 12,100 patients and 1176 subjects who underwent physical examinations at Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, between March 2016 and September 2020. HPV genotyping was performed using commercial kits designed to detect 15 high-risk and 2 low-risk HPV genotypes.
RESULTS
There was a higher overall prevalence of HPV among the clinic patients (21.0%) than among the healthy women (11.9%). The most common HPV genotypes among the patients were: HPV-52 (5.4%), HPV-16 (3.4%), HPV-58 (3.2%), HPV-51 (2.6%), HPV-39 (2.0%), HPV-56 (2.0%), and HPV-66 (2.0%). Among the healthy women: HPV-52 (3.0%), HPV-51 (1.8%), HPV-58 (1.6%), HPV-66 (1.5%), HPV-16 (1.2%), HPV-56 (1.2%), and HPV-18 (1.1%). Multiple HPVs were detected in 29.1% of the gynecological outpatients and in 23.6% of the women receiving physical examinations. The most common pairs of HPV types detected were HPV-52 and HPV-16 in the clinic patients, and HPV-52 and HPV-56 in the healthy women. Age-specific HPV positivity and peak prevalence were observed among the individuals in both groups for women aged less than 25 years and those between 61 and 65 years of age.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results provide current estimates of HPV prevalence and genotypes in the Beijing region. The epidemiological characteristics observed also provide a reference for the development of cervical cancer screening strategies and selection of HPV vaccine antigen targets for this region. A comparison of these HPV prevalence data with those from other regions suggests that regional vaccines may be an important direction for future research.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adult; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Papillomavirus Infections; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Prevalence; Early Detection of Cancer; Beijing; Papillomaviridae; Human papillomavirus 16; Genotype
PubMed: 36653807
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-01959-7 -
Journal of Medical Virology May 2023Although cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions are considered to be not randomly distributed across the cervix, but predominantly in the anterior wall, the...
Although cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions are considered to be not randomly distributed across the cervix, but predominantly in the anterior wall, the clinicopathological etiology remains unknown. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the relationship between quantitatively measured area of CIN2/3 and cervical cancer associated factors by retrospective cohort study. We analyzed 235 consecutive therapeutic conization specimens dissected as a single intact section to determine CIN2/3 area and its correlation with both clinical risk factors including human papillomavirus (HPV) status (single or multiple infection) and uterine position defined by transvaginal ultrasound. Cervical wall was classified into three groups: anterior: (11, 12, 1, and 2 o'clock), posterior (5, 6, 7, and 8 o'clock) and lateral (3, 4, 9, and 10 o'clock). Multiple regression revealed that younger age and HPV16 status were significantly correlated with CIN2/3 area (p = 0.0224 and p = 0.0075, respectively). The Jonckheere-Terpstra test showed a significant trend: CIN2/3 area was highest in the single HPV16 group, followed by the multiple HPV16 group and the non-HPV16 group (p < 0.0001). CIN2/3 area in the anterior wall was statistically significantly larger than the posterior and lateral wall (p = 0.0059 and p = 0.0107, respectively). CIN2/3 area in the anterior wall was significantly greater with anteversion-anteflexion than retroversion-retroflexion (p = 0.0485), whereas CIN2/3 area in the posterior wall was significantly larger with retroversion-retroflexion than anteversion-anteflexion (p = 0.0394). In conclusion, the topographical distribution of CIN2/3 area is closely associated with patient age, high-risk HPV status, especially single HPV16 infection and uterine position.
Topics: Female; Humans; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Retrospective Studies; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia; Cervix Uteri; Human papillomavirus 16; Papillomavirus Infections; Papillomaviridae
PubMed: 37212300
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28777 -
Chinese Medical Journal Aug 2022Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors that progress owing to varied enviromental and genetic risk factors. Viral infections are threatening...
Human papillomavirus, tobacco, and poor oral hygiene can act synergetically, modulate the expression of the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway for the development and progression of head and neck cancer in the Pakistani population.
BACKGROUND
Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors that progress owing to varied enviromental and genetic risk factors. Viral infections are threatening and adept at altering the expression of cellular transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and deregulation of other cellular proteins like NF kappa B inhibitor alpha (IκBα). The present study was conducted to detect high-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) and protein expression of NF-κB signaling pathway in HNC patients with HPV infection.
METHODS
For HPV detection, genomic DNA from 152 HNC tumors was extracted formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue DNA kit. For genotyping, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a general primer, HPV type-specific primers and agarose gel electrophoresis were performed. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was also performed on 4-μm thick tissue sections using HPV E6 monoclonal antibody. Protein expression analysis of NF-κB signaling pathway including p50, p65, and IκBα was performed using IHC.
RESULTS
PCR analysis showed that 24.3% (37/152) of HNC cases were HPV positive. Among HPV positive, 86.5% (32/37) were tobacco users, while among HPV negative, 66.9% (77/115) were tobacco users. A significant association of HPV positivity and tobacco user was observed by univariate analysis [ P < 0.01; odds ratio (OR): 0.310, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.110 to 0.870]. More HPV positive patients were with poor oral hygiene (78.3%) when compared with patients with good oral hygiene (21.6%) [ P < 0.03, OR: 2.440, 95% CI: 1.650 to 3.600]. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that age, tobacco use and oral hygiene are significant predictors ( P < 0.02). PCR and IHC staining results confirmed that HPV16 was predominant among HNC cases (64.8%) when compared with HPV18 (35.2%). Expression of NF-κB proteins (p50, p65, and IκBα inhibitor) were also observed in HPV and non-HPV infected HNC tissues. IHC expression of p50, and p65 showed nuclear staining, while IκBα inhibitor showed cytoplasmic staining. Protein expression in HPV cases was higher as compared to HPV naive cases ( P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
From the study, it can be established that the use of tobacco, oral hygiene, and HPV infection may be synergistically involved in modulating the expression of NF-κB signaling pathway for the development and progression of HNC in the Pakistani population.
Topics: Alphapapillomavirus; Antibodies, Monoclonal; DNA; DNA, Viral; Formaldehyde; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; NF-kappa B; Oral Hygiene; Pakistan; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Signal Transduction; Nicotiana; Tobacco Use; Transcription Factors
PubMed: 35838554
DOI: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000001970 -
Journal of Medical Virology Jun 2024Head and neck cancers (HNCs), primarily head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), are associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV), notably HPV16 and... (Review)
Review
Head and neck cancers (HNCs), primarily head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), are associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV), notably HPV16 and HPV18. HPV status guides treatment and predicts outcomes, with distinct molecular pathways in HPV-driven HNSCC influencing survival rates. HNC incidence is rising globally, with regional variations reflecting diverse risk factors, including tobacco, alcohol, and HPV infection. Oropharyngeal cancers attributed to HPV have significantly increased, particularly in regions like the United States. The HPV16 genome, characterized by oncoproteins E6 and E7, disrupts crucial cell cycle regulators, including tumor protein p53 (TP53) and retinoblastoma (Rb), contributing to HNSCC pathogenesis. P16 immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a reliable surrogate marker for HPV16 positivity, while in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, notably reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), offer sensitive HPV detection. Liquid-based RT-qPCR, especially in saliva, shows promise for noninvasive HPV detection, offering simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and patient compliance. These molecular advancements enhance diagnostic accuracy, guide treatment decisions, and improve patient outcomes in HNC management. In conclusion, advances in HPV detection and molecular understanding have significant clinical management implications. Integrating these advancements into routine practice could ultimately improve patient outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Papillomavirus Infections; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Human papillomavirus 16; Papillomaviridae; Human papillomavirus 18; Human Papillomavirus Viruses
PubMed: 38884391
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29746 -
Clinical and Experimental Dental... Feb 2023Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a cell-mediated inflammatory mucosal disorder and is classified as an oral potentially malignant disorder. Some research has shown that...
OBJECTIVES
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a cell-mediated inflammatory mucosal disorder and is classified as an oral potentially malignant disorder. Some research has shown that apoptosis in OLP cells is similar to a viral infection such as human papillomavirus (HPV). So, the aim of this case-control study was to investigate the association of high-risk HPV with OLP.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
DNA was extracted from 25 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) OLP tissues and 25 FFPE normal oral tissues as case and control groups, respectively. The presence of high-risk HPV16 and HPV18 DNA was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). p-value<.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS
Twelve samples (48%) of OLPs were positive for HPV16, compared with six samples (24%) of controls; although the difference was not significant, it was borderline (p = .07). Three samples (12%) of OLPs were positive for HPV18 compared with one sample (4%) of controls; the difference was not significant (p = .3). The total frequency of both high-risk HPV were 14 samples (56%) of OLPs and 7 samples (28%) of controls; there was a significant association between the high-risk HPV and OLP (p = .04). High-risk HPVs was more prevalent in erosive-atrophic (EA) form of OLP as compared to non-EA form, although the difference was not significant (p = .13).
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest a significant association between high-risk HPVs and OLP.
Topics: Humans; Case-Control Studies; Human papillomavirus 16; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Lichen Planus, Oral; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Human papillomavirus 18
PubMed: 36636987
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.707