-
Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing Feb 2021Convalescent plasma has emerged as a treatment that merits consideration for COVID-19-positive patients requiring hospitalization. With millions of cases of COVID-19...
Convalescent plasma has emerged as a treatment that merits consideration for COVID-19-positive patients requiring hospitalization. With millions of cases of COVID-19 being reported worldwide, nurses across specialties are caring for infected patients and are often the primary patient educators about convalescent plasma treatment. Keeping abreast of current clinical guidelines and evidence-based practice allows nurses to identify patients who should be considered for treatment, understand the administration guidelines, and be aware of the toxicity profile to provide safe and high-quality care to patients. The purpose of this article is to provide information on convalescent plasma as a treatment for COVID-19.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antibodies, Viral; COVID-19; Female; Health Personnel; Humans; Immunization, Passive; Male; Middle Aged; Plasma; Practice Guidelines as Topic; SARS-CoV-2; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33480877
DOI: 10.1188/21.CJON.28-32 -
Blood Nov 2020
Topics: Agammaglobulinemia; B-Lymphocytes; Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Humans; Immunization, Passive; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 Serotherapy
PubMed: 33180920
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008963 -
JAMA Aug 2020
Topics: Antibodies, Viral; Betacoronavirus; Blood Donors; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Humans; Immunization, Passive; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 Serotherapy
PubMed: 32530454
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.10699 -
Vox Sanguinis Feb 2022Passive immunization using investigational COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) is a promising therapeutic strategy and could improve outcome if transfused early and...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Passive immunization using investigational COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) is a promising therapeutic strategy and could improve outcome if transfused early and contain high levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. We report the management of a national CCP collection and distribution program in Israel.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From 1 April 2020 to 15 January 2021, 4020 volunteer donors donated 5221 CCP units and 837 (20.8%) donors donated more than once. Anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies were determined using chemiluminescent immunoassay method (Abbott). A statistical model based on repeated IgG tests in sequential donations was created to predict the time of antibody decline below sample/cut-off (S/CO) level of 4.0.
RESULTS
Ninety-six percent of CCP donors suffered a mild disease or were asymptomatic. Older donors had higher antibody levels. Higher antibody levels (S/CO ≥4) were detected in 35.2% of the donors. Low positive (S/CO ≥1.4-3.99) were found in 37%, and 27.8% had undetectable antibodies (S/CO ≤1.4). The model predicted decrease antibody thresholds of 0.55%/day since the first CCP donation, providing guidance for the effective timing of future collections from donors with high antibody levels.
CONCLUSIONS
An efficient CCP collection and distribution program was achieved, based on performing initial and repeated plasma collections, preferably from donors with higher antibody levels, and only antibody-rich units were supplied for therapeutic use. The inventory met the quantity and quality standards of the authorities, enabled to respond to the growing demand of the medical system and provide a product that may contribute to improve prognosis in patients with COVID-19.
Topics: Blood Donors; COVID-19; Humans; Immunization, Passive; Israel; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 Serotherapy
PubMed: 34125976
DOI: 10.1111/vox.13162 -
The Israel Medical Association Journal... Apr 2021This mini review includes two case descriptions. It introduces the use of chicken egg yolk antibody (IgY) solutions in the prevention and cure of viral and bacterial... (Review)
Review
This mini review includes two case descriptions. It introduces the use of chicken egg yolk antibody (IgY) solutions in the prevention and cure of viral and bacterial infections. Application for the protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), rotavirus, and influenza viruses, as well as for the eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, caries, various enteric bacteria and other pathogens, and toxins have been developed. This approach is a fast, reliable, safe, and tested method for producing molecular shield and protection against emerging pathogens and epidemics. In the current pandemic situation caused by coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), this method of passive immunization could be applied for rapid protection against modifiable agents. The specific IgY antibodies start to accumulate into egg yolks about 3 weeks after the immunization of the chicken. The product can be collected safely, as the antigen is not found in the eggs. This method for microbial safety uses natural means and commonly used food substances, which have been tested and could be produced for both blocking epidemics and applying personalized medicine.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Bacterial Infections; COVID-19; Chickens; Egg Yolk; Humans; Immunity, Mucosal; Immunization, Passive; Immunoglobulins; Infant, Newborn; Virus Diseases
PubMed: 33899350
DOI: No ID Found -
Revista Medica de Chile Jun 2020
Topics: COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Humans; Immunization, Passive; Plasma; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 Serotherapy
PubMed: 33480368
DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872020000600721 -
International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2022This study investigated the efficacy and safety of convalescent plasma (CP) transfusion against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) via a systematic review and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
This study investigated the efficacy and safety of convalescent plasma (CP) transfusion against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) via a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A total of 5467 articles obtained from electronic databases were assessed; however, only 34 RCTs were eligible after manually screening and eliminating unnecessary studies. The beneficial effect was addressed by assessing the risk ratio (RR) and standardized mean differences (SMDs) of the meta-analysis. It was demonstrated that CP therapy is not effective in improving clinical outcomes, including reducing mortality with an RR of 0.88 [0.76; 1.03] (I = 68% and = 0.10) and length of hospitalization with SMD of -0.47 [-0.95; 0.00] (I = 99% and = 0.05). Subgroup analysis provided strong evidence that CP transfusion does not significantly reduce all-cause mortality compared to standard of care (SOC) with an RR of 1.01 [0.99; 1.03] (I = 70% and = 0.33). In addition, CP was found to be safe for and well-tolerated by COVID-19 patients as was the SOC in healthcare settings. Overall, the results suggest that CP should not be applied outside of randomized trials because of less benefit in improving clinical outcomes for COVID-19 treatment.
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Immunization, Passive; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; COVID-19 Serotherapy
PubMed: 36078338
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710622 -
Transfusion Clinique Et Biologique :... May 2021Pathogen reduction technologies (PRT) have been recommended by many regulatory authorities to minimize the residual risk of transfusion-transmitted infections associated...
Pathogen reduction technologies (PRT) have been recommended by many regulatory authorities to minimize the residual risk of transfusion-transmitted infections associated with COVID19 convalescent plasma. While its impact on safety and its cost-effectiveness are nowadays well proven, there is theoretical concern that PRT could impact efficacy of convalescent plasma by altering concentration and/or function of the neutralizing antibodies (nAb). We review here the evidence supporting a lack of significant detrimental effect from PRTs on nAbs.
Topics: Antibodies, Neutralizing; COVID-19; Humans; Immunization, Passive; Infection Control; Transfusion Reaction; Treatment Outcome; COVID-19 Serotherapy
PubMed: 33675992
DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2021.02.005 -
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Apr 2022Convalescent plasma therapy provides a useful therapeutic tool to treat infectious diseases, especially where no specific therapeutic strategies have been identified.... (Review)
Review
Convalescent plasma therapy provides a useful therapeutic tool to treat infectious diseases, especially where no specific therapeutic strategies have been identified. The ongoing pandemic puts back the spotlight on this age-old method as a viable treatment option. In this review, we discuss the usage of this therapy in different diseases including COVID-19, and the possible mechanisms of action. The current review also discusses the progress of therapeutic applications of blood-derivatives, from the simple transfer of immunized animal sera, to the more target-specific intravenous administration of human immunoglobulins from a pool of convalescent individuals, in both infectious and non-infectious diseases of various etiologies.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Neutralizing; Antibodies, Viral; COVID-19; Immunization, Passive; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 Serotherapy
PubMed: 34886756
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.2006026 -
The New England Journal of Medicine May 2022
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Immunization, Passive; Plasma; SARS-CoV-2; Treatment Outcome; COVID-19 Serotherapy
PubMed: 35507487
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMe2204332