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Neuroscience Letters Jan 2021Previous studies studies indicate that individuals tend to integrate positive information into their self-concept. However, whether such self-positivity bias would still...
Previous studies studies indicate that individuals tend to integrate positive information into their self-concept. However, whether such self-positivity bias would still be observed without an explicit self-related cue is unknown. In the present study, 29 participants were asked to evaluate a series of positive and negative trait adjectives, after the participants were presented with their own name or another name subliminally. During the task, their electroencephalograms were recorded. The results showed participants responded faster to positive traits than to negative traits in the self-name cue conditions. In addition, both the latencies and the amplitudes of the N400 showed significant interaction between name-cue and valence in N400 (240-440 ms) amplitudes. The earlier N400 latencies and smaller N400 amplitudes were associated with positive traits in the self-name cue. These results suggested that the self-positivity bias can also be observed in a subliminally presenting self-cue, indicating the robustness of self-positivity bias.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cues; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Female; Humans; Male; Optimism; Photic Stimulation; Psychomotor Performance; Self Concept; Young Adult
PubMed: 33421488
DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135625 -
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology... Mar 2021As the number of transgender (trans) people (including those who are binary and/or nonbinary identified) seeking gender-affirming hormone therapy rises, endocrinologists... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
As the number of transgender (trans) people (including those who are binary and/or nonbinary identified) seeking gender-affirming hormone therapy rises, endocrinologists are increasingly asked to assist with interpretation of laboratory tests. Many common laboratory tests such as hemoglobin, iron studies, cardiac troponin, and creatinine are affected by sex steroids or body size. We seek to provide a summary of the impact of feminizing and masculinizing hormone therapy on common laboratory tests and an approach to interpretation.
CASES
Case scenarios discussed include 1) hemoglobin and hematocrit in a nonbinary person undergoing masculinizing hormone therapy; 2) estimation of glomerular filtration rate in a trans woman at risk of contrast-induced nephropathy; 3) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in a trans woman; and 4) chest pain in a trans man with a cardiac troponin concentration between the reported male and female reference ranges.
CONCLUSIONS
The influence of exogenous gender-affirming hormone therapy on fat and muscle distribution and other physiological changes determines interpretation of laboratory tests that have sex-specific differences. In addition to affirmative practice to ensure a patient's name, gender, and pronoun are used appropriately, we propose that once individuals have commenced gender-affirming hormone therapy, the reference range of the affirmed gender be reported (and specified by treating clinicians) except for PSA or cardiac troponin, which are dependent on organ size. While suggestions may be challenging to implement, they also represent an opportunity to lead best practice to improve the quality of care and experiences of healthcare for all trans people.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Artifacts; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Techniques, Endocrine; Female; Heart Function Tests; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Humans; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Middle Aged; Reference Values; Sex Reassignment Procedures; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 32810277
DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa546 -
Annals of Family Medicine 2021At age 11, my child Neo told me he was a boy and not a girl, as assigned at birth. Despite my training as a child and adolescent psychiatrist, I struggled to accept his...
At age 11, my child Neo told me he was a boy and not a girl, as assigned at birth. Despite my training as a child and adolescent psychiatrist, I struggled to accept his declaration and had to learn how to best support him. He was never a typical girl, but when he decided he was transgender, my husband and I navigated the adjustment to new pronouns, a name change, the transition at school, and telling friends and family. Seeing Neo's sadness and despondency when he was not accepted sparked me to educate myself about medical options for transgender individuals and other ways to be gender affirming. Although I initially felt a sense of loss and hurt about Neo being transgender, these feelings changed to acceptance and pride as I watched Neo change and grow. Neo taught me to challenge societal dichotomies and taught me about how physicians in particular can support families with gender-creative children.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Female; Friends; Gender Identity; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Parenting; Physicians; Transgender Persons
PubMed: 34750131
DOI: 10.1370/afm.2737 -
Journal of the American Medical... Jan 2022There are over 1 million transgender people living in the United States, and 33% report negative experiences with a healthcare provider, many of which are connected to...
There are over 1 million transgender people living in the United States, and 33% report negative experiences with a healthcare provider, many of which are connected to data representation in electronic health records (EHRs). We present recommendations and common pitfalls involving sex- and gender-related data collection in EHRs. Our recommendations leverage the needs of patients, medical providers, and researchers to optimize both individual patient experiences and the efficacy and reproducibility of EHR population-based studies. We also briefly discuss adequate additions to the EHR considering name and pronoun usage. We add the disclaimer that these questions are more complex than commonly assumed. We conclude that collaborations between local transgender and gender-diverse persons and medical providers as well as open inclusion of transgender and gender-diverse individuals on terminology and standards boards is crucial to shifting the paradigm in transgender and gender-diverse health.
Topics: Data Collection; Electronic Health Records; Gender Identity; Humans; Reproducibility of Results; Transgender Persons; United States
PubMed: 34486655
DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocab136 -
The Modern Hearing Care Landscape: Toward the Provision of Personalized, Dynamic, and Adaptive Care.Seminars in Hearing Aug 2023New technologies and developments in hearing healthcare are rapidly transforming service models, delivery channels, and available solutions. These advances are reshaping... (Review)
Review
New technologies and developments in hearing healthcare are rapidly transforming service models, delivery channels, and available solutions. These advances are reshaping the ways in which care is provided, leading to greater personalization, service efficiencies, and improved access to care, to name a few benefits. Connected hearing care is one model with the potential to embrace this "customized" hearing experience by forging a hybrid of health-technology connections, as well as traditional face-to-face interactions between clients, providers, and persons integral to the care journey. This article will discuss the many components of connected care, encompassing variations of traditional and teleaudiology-focused services, clinic-based and direct-to-consumer channels, in addition to the varying levels of engagement and readiness defining the touch points for clients to access a continuum of connected hearing care. The emerging hearing healthcare system is one that is dynamic and adaptive, allowing for personalized care, but also shifting the focus to the client's needs and preferences. This shift in the care model, largely driven by innovation and the growing opportunities for clients to engage with hearing technology, brings forth new, exciting, and sometimes uncomfortable discussion points for both the provider and client. The modern hearing care landscape benefits clients to better meet their needs and preferences in a more personalized style, and providers to better support and address those needs and preferences.
PubMed: 37484984
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1769621 -
The Journal of Manual & Manipulative... Aug 2021
What is in a Name? Perhaps your Professional Identity and Practice - A Call to Maintain IFOMPT as the International Federation of Orthopedic Manipulative Physical Therapists.
Topics: Humans; Names; Orthopedics; Physical Therapists; Social Identification
PubMed: 34378490
DOI: 10.1080/10669817.2021.1955518 -
Journal of Psychiatric Research Nov 2022The temperament and character dimensions of personality appear to be networking structures that interact nonlinearly. Previous studies have attempted to classify...
BACKGROUND
The temperament and character dimensions of personality appear to be networking structures that interact nonlinearly. Previous studies have attempted to classify temperament and character subtypes using a person-centered approach but have been unable to explore the relationship between the combination of temperament and character and psychopathology patterns in a transdiagnostic sample. The purpose of this study was to examine how symptomatology patterns differ according to individuals' personality profiles, employing a psychobiological model in a transdiagnostic psychiatric sample.
METHODS
Participants were 1881 patients who visited the psychiatry department of a major medical hospital in Seoul, Korea, and completed both the Temperament Character Inventory (TCI) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructed Form (MMPI-2-RF) as part of their psychological evaluation. We performed two separate latent profile analyses using four temperament and four character indicators of the TCI to identify personality profiles and nine restructured clinical scales of the MMPI-2-RF to identify symptom patterns.
RESULTS
Five personality classes emerged: "vulnerable-maladaptive," "stable-adaptive," "average," "inhibited-neurotic," and "impulsive-irrational." Moreover, six symptom classes emerged: "non-distressed," "depressed," "emotionally-distressed," "average," "dysfunctional thoughts," and "confused." The personality profiles comprising a combination of rigid temperament and immature character were related to patterns of more severe subjective pain and symptoms. However, profiles with less rigid temperament and less immature character exhibited more diverse symptom patterns.
CONCLUSIONS
This study examined the relationship between personality profiles and symptomatology patterns, suggesting that understanding patients' personality profiles may be helpful in predicting symptom manifestation and establishing treatment plans.
Topics: Character; Humans; MMPI; Pain; Personality; Personality Disorders; Personality Inventory; Temperament
PubMed: 36179415
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.09.031 -
The Psychoanalytic Quarterly 2023are considered important obstacles to the psychoanalytic process. They describe elements that are beyond the reach of the symbolic network with which psychoanalysis is...
are considered important obstacles to the psychoanalytic process. They describe elements that are beyond the reach of the symbolic network with which psychoanalysis is used to working. The emergence of unrepresented states has often been described as the failure of the caregiver to symbolize the child's emotions and thereby enable the child to connect his or her bodily states to the psychic representation. Psychoanalysis, however, has been reluctant to name the locus of these inscriptions beyond the symbolic network as the body-self. The author proposes to do so and discusses two concepts for describing the dynamics of the bodily unconscious and the therapeutic method for calibrating our technique to unrepresented states. The concept of the encapsulated body engram is used to describe the dynamic structure of the bodily unconscious. Processes of disorganization, petrification, perceptual defense, and secondary self-stimulation form the dynamics of the bodily unconscious. The method of somatic narration systematically examines body sensations of the analysand, reverses the defense processes of the engram, and leads to a reorganization of the body self, which can now find connection to symbolic structures again. This requires a more active analytic stance that responds to the defensive processes with which the subject fends off the threat of annihilation he or she was exposed to in the traumatic engram. A clinical vignette illustrates the mode of operation.
Topics: Humans; Male; Child; Female; Psychoanalytic Therapy; Unconscious, Psychology; Emotions; Psychoanalysis
PubMed: 37098260
DOI: 10.1080/00332828.2023.2178167 -
Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde Apr 2021Discrimination based on ethnic background and the use of terminology like 'Negro Race' in clinical practice guidelines have been criticized, also in this journal....
Discrimination based on ethnic background and the use of terminology like 'Negro Race' in clinical practice guidelines have been criticized, also in this journal. Typical Dutch words 'allochtonen', 'non-western', 'Creools' and 'Hindostan' are unspecific or could also offend people. Nevertheless, there are health risks related to ethnic background. Healthcare improves when health professionals would consider these, contributing to person centred cultural sensitive care. Therefore, we aimed to start a discussion about which acceptable terminologies should be used to describe ethnic differences in guidelines and research. We suggest that terminologies use to describe ethnic minority groups should be as precise as possible and should not be offensive, for instance 'migration background' instead of allochtoon, and 'African-Surinamese' instead of Creool. We invite guideline developers, researchers and people of different ethnic background, to join this discussion.
Topics: Delivery of Health Care; Ethnicity; Female; Humans; Male; Minority Groups; Names; Netherlands; Prejudice; Professional-Patient Relations; Social Identification; Social Perception
PubMed: 33914431
DOI: No ID Found -
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Nov 2020Interpersonal motor alignment is a ubiquitous behavior in daily social life. It is a building block for higher social cognition, including empathy and mentalizing and... (Review)
Review
Interpersonal motor alignment is a ubiquitous behavior in daily social life. It is a building block for higher social cognition, including empathy and mentalizing and promotes positive social effects. It can be observed as mimicry, synchrony and automatic imitation, to name a few. These phenomena rely on motor resonance processes, i.e., a direct link between the perception of an action and its execution. While a considerable literature debates its underlying mechanisms and measurement methods, the question of how motor alignment comes about and changes in ontogeny all the way until adulthood, is rarely discussed specifically. In this review we will focus on the link between interpersonal motor alignment, positive social effects and social cognition in infants, children, and adolescents, demonstrating that this link is present early on in development. Yet, in reviewing the existing literature pertaining to social psychology and developmental social cognitive neuroscience, we identify a knowledge gap regarding the healthy developmental changes in interpersonal motor alignment especially in adolescence.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Cognition; Empathy; Humans; Imitative Behavior; Interpersonal Relations; Social Behavior; Social Cognition
PubMed: 32783968
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.07.032