-
Renal Failure Dec 2021The purpose of this study was to explore the contribution of each factor of the phosphorus metabolism network following phosphorus diet intervention Granger causality...
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to explore the contribution of each factor of the phosphorus metabolism network following phosphorus diet intervention Granger causality analysis.
METHODS
In this study, a total of six healthy male volunteers were enrolled. All participants sequentially received regular, low-, and high-phosphorus diets. Consumption of each diet lasted for five days, with a 5-day washout period between different diets. Blood and urinary samples were collected on the fifth day of consumption of each diet at 9 time points (00:00, 04:00, 08:00, 10:00, 12:00, 14:00, 16:00, 20:00, 24:00) for measurements of serum levels of phosphate, calcium, PTH, FGF23, BALP, α-Klotho, and 1,25 D and urinary phosphorus excretion. Granger causality and the centrality of the above variables in the phosphorus network were analyzed by pairwise panel Granger causality analysis using the time-series data.
RESULTS
The mean age of the participants was 28.5 ± 2.1 years. By using Granger causality analysis, we found that the α-Klotho level had the strongest connection with and played a key role in influencing the other variables. In addition, urinary phosphorus excretion was frequently regulated by other variables in the network of phosphorus metabolism following a regular phosphorus diet. After low-phosphorus diet intervention, serum phosphate affected the other factors the most, and the 1,25 D level was the main outcome factor, while urinary phosphorus excretion was the most strongly associated variable in the network of phosphorus metabolism. After high-phosphorus diet intervention, FGF23 and 1,25 D played a more critical role in active regulation and passive regulation in the Granger causality analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
Variations in dietary phosphorus intake led to changes in the central factors involved in phosphorus metabolism.
Topics: Adult; Calcium; Fibroblast Growth Factors; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Klotho Proteins; Male; Phosphorus; Phosphorus, Dietary
PubMed: 34193019
DOI: 10.1080/0886022X.2021.1945463 -
Huan Jing Ke Xue= Huanjing Kexue Jun 2022To reveal the characteristics of organic phosphorus release from lake sediments and its potential impact on water quality, six lake sediments from Yunnan Plateau and the...
To reveal the characteristics of organic phosphorus release from lake sediments and its potential impact on water quality, six lake sediments from Yunnan Plateau and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China were selected. We studied the differences in the kinetics of dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (SRP) release from sediments. The effects of organic phosphorus morphology and dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics on sediment phosphorus release were investigated, and the water quality risks of sediment DOP release were discussed. The results showed that:① the release kinetics of sediment DOP and SRP were similar; both followed the second-order kinetic model, starting with a rapid release phase, followed by a slow release, and the release curve gradually leveled off and reached the maximum release. ② The release of organic phosphorus was related to organophosphorus morphology and organic matter. Active organic phosphorus (LOP) and medium active organic phosphorus (MLOP) were the DOP forms mainly released into the overlying water during the rapid release phase. The proportion of LOP and MLOP to total organic phosphorus (DTP) decreased in the late release stage, whereas the proportion of non-active organic phosphorus (NLOP) increased; further, the degree of humification and aromaticity of organic matter gradually increased with phosphorus release, and its activity decreased, resulting in a slower release rate at the later stage. ③ Compared with that of SRP, the risk of DOP release was higher, accounting for 47%-77% of the total amount of DTP. It was also found that the higher the nutrient level of the lake, the greater the release of DOP and the higher the water quality risk. Therefore, not only the release of inorganic phosphorus but also that of organic phosphorus should be of concern in the process of phosphorus release from lake sediments to prevent the underestimation of phosphorus release and water quality risk.
Topics: China; Geologic Sediments; Kinetics; Lakes; Phosphorus; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water Quality
PubMed: 35686775
DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202110121 -
Biological Chemistry Nov 2020Phosphorus (P) is a crucial element and diatoms, unicellular phototrophic organisms, evolved efficient strategies to handle limiting phosphorus concentrations in the... (Review)
Review
Phosphorus (P) is a crucial element and diatoms, unicellular phototrophic organisms, evolved efficient strategies to handle limiting phosphorus concentrations in the oceans. In the last decade, several groups investigated the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum concerning phosphate homeostasis mechanisms. Here, we summarize the actual status of knowledge by linking the available data sets, thereby indicating experimental limits but also future research directions.
Topics: Acclimatization; Diatoms; Models, Biological; Phosphorus; Stress, Physiological
PubMed: 32845857
DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0197 -
Chemosphere Jan 2020The effect of organic fertilizers on soil phosphorus (P) availability is usually mainly associated with the rate and forms of P applied, while they also alter the soil...
Phosphorus sorption and availability in an andosol after a decade of organic or mineral fertilizer applications: Importance of pH and organic carbon modifications in soil as compared to phosphorus accumulation.
The effect of organic fertilizers on soil phosphorus (P) availability is usually mainly associated with the rate and forms of P applied, while they also alter the soil physical-chemical properties, able to change P availability. We aimed to highlight the impact of pH and organic C modifications in soil on the inorganic P (Pi) sorption capacity and availability as compared to the effect of P accumulation after mineral or organic fertilizers. We conducted a 10-years-old field experiment on an andosol and compared fields that had been amended with mineral or organic (dairy slurry and manure compost) fertilizers against a non-fertilized control. Water and Olsen extractions and Pi sorption experiments were realized on soils sampled after 6 and 10 years of trial. We also realized an artificial and ex situ alkalization of the control soil to isolate the effect of pH on Pi sorption capacity. Organic fertilizer application increased total P, pH, and organic C in soil. Pi-Olsen increased mainly with soil total P (r adj = 0.79), while Pi-water increased jointly with soil total P and pH (r adj = 0.85). The Pi sorption capacity decreased with organic fertilizer application. Artificial and ex situ alkalization of the control soil showed that Pi sorption capacity decreased with increasing pH. Our study demonstrated that, beyond the P fertilization rate, the increase in organic C content and even more so in pH induced by a decade of organic fertilizer applications in soil decreased the Pi sorption capacity and consequently increased Pi-water in soil.
Topics: Adsorption; Carbon; Fertilizers; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Manure; Minerals; Phosphorus; Soil
PubMed: 31499302
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124709 -
The Science of the Total Environment Apr 2024In coastal lagoons, eutrophication and hydrology are interacting factors that produce distortions in biogeochemical nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycles. Such...
Temporal and spatial differences in nitrogen and phosphorus biogeochemistry and ecosystem functioning of a hypertrophic lagoon (Curonian Lagoon, SE Baltic Sea) revealed via Ecological Network Analysis.
In coastal lagoons, eutrophication and hydrology are interacting factors that produce distortions in biogeochemical nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycles. Such distortions affect nutrient relative availability and produce cascade consequences on primary producer's community and ecosystem functioning. In this study, the seasonal functioning of a coastal lagoon was investigated with a multielement approach, via the construction and analysis of network models. Spring and summer networks, both for N and P flows, have been simultaneously compiled for the northern transitional and southern confined area of the hypertrophic Curonian Lagoon (SE Baltic Sea). Ecological Network Analysis was applied to address the combined effect of hydrology and seasonality on biogeochemical processes. Results suggest that the ecosystem is more active and presents higher N and P fluxes in summer compared to spring, regardless of the area. Furthermore, larger internal recycling characterizes the confined compared to the transitional area, regardless of the season. The two areas differed in the fate of available nutrients. The transitional area received large riverine inputs that were mainly transferred to the sea without the conversion into primary producers' biomass. The confined area had fewer inputs but proportionally larger conversion into phytoplankton biomass. In summer, particularly in the confined area, primary production was inefficiently consumed by herbivores. Most phytoplanktonic N and P, in the confined area more than in the transitional area, were conveyed to the detritus pathway where P, more than N, was recycled, contributing to the unbalance in N:P stoichiometry and favouring N-fixing cyanobacteria over other phytoplankton groups. The findings of this study provide a comprehensive understanding of N and P circulation patterns in lagoon areas characterized by different hydrology. They also support the importance of a stoichiometric approach to trace relative differences in N and P recycling and abundance, that promote blooms, drive algal communities and whole ecosystem functioning.
Topics: Ecosystem; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Biomass; Phytoplankton; Eutrophication
PubMed: 38382608
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171070 -
Environmental Science & Technology Mar 2024Socioeconomic factors and mitigation potentials are essential drivers of the dynamics of nutrient emissions, yet these drivers are rarely examined at broad...
Socioeconomic factors and mitigation potentials are essential drivers of the dynamics of nutrient emissions, yet these drivers are rarely examined at broad spatiotemporal scales. Here, we combine material flow analysis and geospatial analysis to examine the past and future changes of nitrogen and phosphorus emissions in China. Results show that anthropogenic nitrogen and phosphorus emissions increased by 17% and 32% during 2000-2019, respectively. Meanwhile, many regions witnessed decreasing nitrogen emissions but rising phosphorus discharged to waterbody, leading to a 20% decrease in the nitrogen/phosphorus ratio. In addition to many prominent factors like fertilizer use, the increasing impervious land area around cities is a notable factor driving the emissions, indicating the urgency to limit building expansion, especially in North China Plain and other less-developed regions. Improving land-use efficiency and consuming behaviors could reduce nitrogen and phosphorus emissions by 65-77% in 2030, but the nitrogen/phosphorus ratio will increase unintendedly due to larger reduction potentials for phosphorus, which may deteriorate the aquatic ecosystem. We highlight that nitrogen and phosphorus emissions should be reduced with coordinated but differentiated measures by prioritizing nitrogen reduction through cropland and food-system management.
Topics: Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Ecosystem; Agriculture; Food; China
PubMed: 38417148
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07298 -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Jul 2021Ice cover is a common channel phenomenon in some cold regions. But most of the researchers focused on the velocity distribution; the suspended sediment and phosphorus...
Ice cover is a common channel phenomenon in some cold regions. But most of the researchers focused on the velocity distribution; the suspended sediment and phosphorus distribution in an ice-covered channel need more attention. Six different discharge treatments were carried out in this paper; and vertical velocity, suspended sediment, and phosphorus concentration were measured. The results showed, based on the convection-diffusion equation of sediment, the analytical solution of sediment vertical distribution given, and the coefficient of determination (R) between the measured data and predicted data ranging from 0.9519 to 0.9777 and the root mean square error (RMSE) between the measured data and predicted data ranging from 0.2959 to 0.5892, that the analytical solution has a good simulation result. Particulate phosphorus concentration (C) is smaller in the top layer and larger in the bottom layer, and the dissolved phosphorus concentration (C) is larger in the middle and small in both sides; partition coefficient (K) is uniform in the channel which is assumed as a constant in previous studies. This result is helpful to know the retention law of suspended sediment and phosphorus in an ice-covered channel.
Topics: Environmental Monitoring; Geologic Sediments; Ice Cover; Phosphorus; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 33721163
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13412-9 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2020The assessment and control of losses of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from paddy fields is critical to improve the quality of water and atmosphere on earth. A field...
The assessment and control of losses of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from paddy fields is critical to improve the quality of water and atmosphere on earth. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of three N managements (local common N fertilization practice, urea mixed with controlled-release N fertilizer, and optimized and reduced N fertilizer, designated CN, U + CRF and ON, respectively) on N and P losses through runoff and leaching from a paddy field, and yield of rice under shallow-irrigation and deep-sluice (SIDS) and continuous flooding irrigation (FI) in the Jianhan Plain of China in 2016. The results showed that, compared with FI, SIDS significantly reduced the frequency of irrigation and amount of irrigation water, resulting in an increase of 16.2% in rainfall use efficiency, and therefore, a reduction in the amount of surface runoff and water that had leached. This was responsible for the decreased total N (TN) and total P (TP) losses through runoff leaching under SIDS. The U + CRF and ON treatments resulted in a significant reduction in losses of TN through runoff and leaching and the loss of TP through leaching compared to CN. SIDS resulted in comparable or greater soil TN and TP contents in the 0-40 cm soil depths after rice harvest; N and P accumulation at the jointing, filling and maturity stages; and yield of grain compared to FI. Moreover, the U + CRF and ON improved or maintained accumulation of N and P and yield of rice compared to CN. Compared with FI coupled with CN, SIDS coupled with the U + CRF or ON treatments significantly reduced losses of N and P from paddy fields and enhanced or maintained the accumulation of N and P and yield of rice grains. In conclusion, SIDS coupled with the new N management could be an effective approach to reduce losses of N and P from paddy fields and would be a positive improvement for high yield of middle-season rice grains in the Jianhan Plain of central China and other regions with similar environments.
Topics: Agricultural Irrigation; Agriculture; China; Fertilizers; Nitrogen; Oryza; Phosphorus; Soil; Water; Wetlands
PubMed: 32546803
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66757-5 -
Journal of Environmental Management Sep 2021Excess phosphorus loading to waterbodies has led to increasing frequency and severity of harmful algal blooms, negatively impacting economic activity and human health....
Excess phosphorus loading to waterbodies has led to increasing frequency and severity of harmful algal blooms, negatively impacting economic activity and human health. While interventions to improve water quality can create large societal benefits, these investments are costly and the value of benefits is often unknown. Understanding the social and economic impacts of reduced phosphorus loading is critical for developing effective land use policies and for generating public and political support for these initiatives. Here, we quantify the social benefits and costs of improving water quality in Lake Champlain under a range of phosphorus reduction and climate change scenarios between 2016 and 2050. We use statistical models to link water quality outputs from an established integrated assessment model with three categories of benefits: tourism expenditures, property sales, and avoided human health impacts. We estimate the costs of reducing phosphorus loading using data reported by the State of Vermont. We find that under the most aggressive phosphorus reduction scenario, the total benefits of improved water quality are $55 to $60 million between 2016 and 2050. Over this 35 year time horizon, the combined benefits do not outweigh the costs under any scenario. If the time horizon is extended to 2100 or beyond, however, the benefits may exceed the costs if the applied discount rate is less than 3%. Importantly, we almost certainly underestimate the value of clean water, due to the omission of other types of benefits. Despite this uncertainty, our study provides a tractable framework for disentangling the complex relationships between water quality and human well-being, and illuminates the value of reductions in phosphorus loading to society.
Topics: Climate Change; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Humans; Lakes; Phosphorus; Water Quality
PubMed: 34087647
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112838 -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Nov 2019Eggshell ash was used as an adsorbent to remove phosphorus from wastewater. Adsorbent dose, initial phosphorus concentration, and contact time were investigated to...
Eggshell ash was used as an adsorbent to remove phosphorus from wastewater. Adsorbent dose, initial phosphorus concentration, and contact time were investigated to determine the optimum conditions. Results indicate that 5 g of eggshell ash adsorbent with 1.5 mg L of initial phosphorus concentration removed over 90% of the phosphorus. When the temperature was increased, phosphorus removal potential also increased. Specific surface area, morphological features, and structure of the adsorbent were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results showed prominent calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus in the eggshell ash surface after adsorption. The elemental composition of eggshell ash surfaces before adsorption did not contain phosphorus, revealing that calcium carbonate-based eggshell ash was co-precipitated with calcium phosphate. The adsorption mechanism was studied by applying Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Experimental data fit well with the Langmuir model, which indicates monolayer adsorption. Eggshell ash was also applied as an adsorbent in wastewater at Srinakharinwirot University dormitories, resulting in 80% phosphorus removal within 2 h. These findings indicated that eggshell ash could be applied as an adsorbent for phosphorus treatment and removal from domestic and industrial wastewater.
Topics: Adsorption; Animals; Calcium Carbonate; Egg Shell; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Phosphorus; Temperature; Waste Disposal, Fluid; Wastewater; Water Pollutants, Chemical; X-Ray Diffraction
PubMed: 30276697
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3305-3