-
Heart Failure Reviews Sep 2022Cardiac amyloidosis, characterized by progressive restrictive cardiomyopathy, presents unusual diagnostic challenges. Conventional cardiac scintigraphy has shown limited... (Review)
Review
Cardiac amyloidosis, characterized by progressive restrictive cardiomyopathy, presents unusual diagnostic challenges. Conventional cardiac scintigraphy has shown limited utility in the quantification of disease burden and serial follow-up of cardiac amyloidosis. The advent of specialized positron emission tomography with specific amyloid-binding radiotracers has the potential to change currently employed diagnostic algorithms for the imaging of cardiac amyloidosis. This review aims to discuss the diagnostic utility of amyloid-binding radiotracers, including Pittsburg compound B, florbetapir, florbetapan, and sodium fluoride. These tracers have promising potential for the early detection of the particular type of cardiac amyloidosis, pursuing relevant medical intervention, assessing amyloid burden, monitoring treatment response, and overall prognostication.
Topics: Amyloidosis; Heart; Heart Diseases; Humans; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radionuclide Imaging
PubMed: 34743267
DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10183-w -
PET Clinics Jan 2024Dedicated brain PET scanners are optimized to provide high sensitivity and high spatial resolution compared with existing whole-body PET systems, and they can be much... (Review)
Review
Dedicated brain PET scanners are optimized to provide high sensitivity and high spatial resolution compared with existing whole-body PET systems, and they can be much cheaper to produce and install in various clinical and research settings. Advancements in detector technology over the past few years have placed several standalone PET, PET/computed tomography, and PET/MR systems on or near the commercial market; the features and capabilities of these systems will be reviewed here.
Topics: Humans; Positron-Emission Tomography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Brain; Phantoms, Imaging
PubMed: 37806894
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2023.08.001 -
Nanotheranostics 2022Novel targeted therapies are rapidly emerging for the treatment of cancer. With the advent of new immune targeting agents, understanding the changes in the tumor... (Review)
Review
Novel targeted therapies are rapidly emerging for the treatment of cancer. With the advent of new immune targeting agents, understanding the changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical. Given the complexity and several cellular mechanisms and factors that play a role in the TME, novel imaging methods to assess and evaluate the dynamic changes in the TME during treatment are needed. Several techniques are being developed for imaging TME including optical, fluorescence and photoacoustic methods. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging can be used to track the dynamics of different molecular targets in the TME in live animals and in humans. Several novel PET imaging probes including radiolabeled antibodies, antibody fragments, and small molecules have been developed with many more that are under development preclinically and in early human studies. This review is a brief overview of some of the PET agents that are either in the preclinical developmental phase or undergoing early clinical studies.
Topics: Animals; Neoplasms; Positron-Emission Tomography; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 35223381
DOI: 10.7150/ntno.66556 -
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in... Nov 2022The excellent features of non-invasive molecular imaging, its progressive technology (real-time, whole-body imaging and quantification), and global impact by a growing... (Review)
Review
The excellent features of non-invasive molecular imaging, its progressive technology (real-time, whole-body imaging and quantification), and global impact by a growing infrastructure for positron emission tomography (PET) scanners are encouraging prospects to investigate new concepts, which could transform clinical care of complex infectious diseases. Researchers are aiming towards the extension beyond the routinely available radiopharmaceuticals and are looking for more effective tools that interact directly with causative pathogens. We reviewed and critically evaluated (challenges or pitfalls) antibiotic-derived PET radiopharmaceutical development efforts aimed at infection imaging. We considered both radiotracer development for infection imaging and radio-antibiotic PET imaging supplementing other tools for pharmacologic drug characterization; overall, a total of 20 original PET radiotracers derived from eleven approved antibiotics.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 35834311
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204955 -
Chinese Clinical Oncology Apr 2024Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has been useful in delineating tumor volumes and allowing for improved radiation treatment. The field of PET-guided... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has been useful in delineating tumor volumes and allowing for improved radiation treatment. The field of PET-guided radiotherapy is rapidly growing and will have significant impact on radiotherapy delivery in the future. This narrative review provides an overview of the current state of PET-guided radiotherapy as well as the future directions of the field.
METHODS
For this narrative review, PubMed was searched for articles from 2010-2023. A total of 18 keywords or phrases were searched to provide an overview of PET-guided radiotherapy, radiotracers, the role of PET-guided radiotherapy in oligometastatic disease, and biology-guided radiotherapy (BgRT). The first 300 results for each keyword were searched and relevant articles were extracted. The references of these articles were also reviewed for relevant articles.
KEY CONTENT AND FINDINGS
In radiotherapy, 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (F-FDG or FDG) is the major radiotracer for PET and when combined with computed tomography (CT) scan allows for anatomic visualization of metabolically active malignancy. Novel radiotracers are being explored to delineate certain cell types and numerous tumor metrics including metabolism, hypoxia, vascularity, and cellular proliferation. This molecular and functional imaging will provide improved tumor characterization. Through these radiotracers, radiation plans can employ dose painting by creating different dose levels based upon specific risk factors of the target volume. Additionally, biologic imaging during radiotherapy can allow for adaptation of the radiation plan based on response to treatment. Dose painting and adaptive radiotherapy should improve the therapeutic ratio through more selective dose delivery. The novel PET-linear accelerator hopes to combine these techniques and more by using radiotracers to deliver BgRT. The areas of radiotracer uptake will serve as fiducials to guide radiotherapy to themselves. This technique may prove promising in the growing area of oligometastatic radiation treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
Significant challenges exist for the future of PET-guided radiotherapy. However, with the advancements being made, PET imaging is set to change the delivery of radiotherapy.
Topics: Humans; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiotherapy, Image-Guided; Neoplasms
PubMed: 38711177
DOI: 10.21037/cco-23-143 -
International Journal of Cardiology Jan 2023
Topics: Humans; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Positron-Emission Tomography; Heart; Risk Assessment; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography
PubMed: 36179906
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.09.057 -
Best Practice & Research. Clinical... Mar 2023The use of fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging to detect vascular inflammation is increasingly common in the clinical management of... (Review)
Review
The use of fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging to detect vascular inflammation is increasingly common in the clinical management of patients with large-vessel vasculitis (LVV). In this review, the role of FDG-PET imaging to diagnose and monitor vascular disease activity will be detailed. Suggestions on incorporation of FDG-PET imaging into a clinical workflow will be provided with emphasis on patient preparation, image acquisition, and image interpretation. If FDG-PET imaging is obtained, multimodal imaging assessment, whereby FDG-PET imaging and non-invasive angiography are obtained concurrently, and correlation of imaging findings with clinical assessment is generally advisable. Considering the clinical scenario and treatment status of the patient is important when interpreting vascular FDG-PET image findings.
Topics: Humans; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Workflow; Positron-Emission Tomography; Vasculitis; Molecular Imaging; Giant Cell Arteritis
PubMed: 37516606
DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2023.101856 -
JAMA Oncology Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Gallium Isotopes; Gallium Radioisotopes; Positron-Emission Tomography; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography
PubMed: 36201182
DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.3531 -
Journal of Nuclear Cardiology :... Aug 2022
Topics: Humans; Myocardial Perfusion Imaging; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Positron-Emission Tomography; Rubidium Radioisotopes
PubMed: 33748939
DOI: 10.1007/s12350-021-02593-y -
PET Clinics Apr 2024This article provides a comprehensive review of the role of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose (18F FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in... (Review)
Review
This article provides a comprehensive review of the role of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose (18F FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in multiple myeloma (MM) and related plasma cell disorders. MM is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells. 18F FDG PET/CT integrates metabolic and anatomic information, allowing for accurate localization of metabolically active disease. The article discusses the use of 18F FDG PET/CT in initial diagnosis, staging, prognostication, and assessing treatment response. Additionally, it provides valuable insights into the novel imaging targets including chemokine receptor C-X-C motif 4 and CD38.
Topics: Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Multiple Myeloma; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Radiopharmaceuticals; Positron-Emission Tomography
PubMed: 38199914
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2023.12.010